Pauli effect

The Pauli effect is a term referring to the supposed tendency of technical equipment to encounter critical failure in the presence of certain people. The term was coined after mysterious anecdotal stories involving Austrian theoretical physicist Wolfgang Pauli, describing numerous instances in which demonstrations involving equipment suffered technical problems only when he was present.

The Pauli effect is not related with the Pauli exclusion principle, which is a bona fide physical phenomenon named after Pauli. However the Pauli effect was humorously tagged as a second Pauli exclusion principle, according to which a functioning device and Wolfgang Pauli may not occupy the same room.[1] Pauli himself was convinced that the effect named after him was real.[1] Pauli corresponded with Hans Bender and Carl Jung[1] and saw the effect as an example of the concept of synchronicity.

Background

Since the 20th century, the work of physics research has been divided between theorists and experimentalists (see scientific method). Only a few physicists, such as Enrico Fermi, have been successful in both roles. Lacking an aptitude or interest in experimental work, many theorists have earned a reputation for accidentally breaking experimental equipment. Pauli was exceptional in this regard: it was postulated that he was such a good theorist that any experiments would be compromised by virtue of his presence in the vicinity. For fear of the Pauli effect, the experimental physicist Otto Stern banned Pauli from his laboratory located in Hamburg despite their friendship.[2] Pauli was convinced that the effect named after him was real.[3] He corresponded with Carl Jung and Marie-Louise von Franz about the concept of synchronicity and did so as well with Hans Bender, lecturer at Freiburg university Institut für Grenzgebiete der Psychologie und Psychohygiene, the only parapsychology chair in Germany.[4]

Jung and Pauli saw some parallels between physics and depth psychology.[5] Pauli was among the honored guests at the foundation festivities of the C.G. Jung Institute in Zürich 1948. A famous Pauli effect at the ceremony, as he entered, a china flower vase fell on the floor without any obvious reason, caused Pauli to write his article "Background-Physics", in which he tries to find complementary relationships between physics and depth psychology.[6]

Anecdotal evidence

An incident occurred in the physics laboratory at the University of Göttingen. An expensive measuring device, for no apparent reason, suddenly stopped working, although Pauli was in fact absent. James Franck, the director of the institute, reported the incident to his colleague Pauli in Zürich with the humorous remark that at least this time Pauli was innocent. However, it turned out that Pauli had been on a railway journey to Copenhagen and had switched trains in the Göttingen rail station at about the time of the failure. The incident is reported in George Gamow's book Thirty Years That Shook Physics,[7] where it is also claimed the more talented the theoretical physicist, the stronger the effect.

R. Peierls describes a case when at one reception this effect was to be parodied by deliberately crashing a chandelier upon Pauli's entrance. The chandelier was suspended on a rope to be released, but it stuck instead, thus becoming a real example of the Pauli effect.[8]

In 1934, Pauli saw a failure of his car during a honeymoon tour with his second wife as proof of a real Pauli effect since it occurred without an obvious external cause.[9]

In February 1950, when he was at Princeton University, the cyclotron burnt, and he asked himself if this mischief belonged to such a Pauli effect, named after him.[10]

See also

Notes

  1. 1 2 3 "Der "Pauli-Effekt"" (in German). ETHistory. Retrieved 2014-08-14.
  2. ↑ Enz (2009), p. 152.
  3. ↑ Enz (2002), p. 150.
  4. ↑ Hans Bender und die Gründung des "Instituts für Grenzgebiete der Psychologie und Psychohygiene"Eberhard Bauer, September 1997. published in Jahnke, J., Fahrenberg, J., Stegie, R., & Bauer, E. (Hrsg.): Psychologiegeschichte: Beziehungen zu Philosophie und Grenzgebieten (Passauer Schriften zur Psychologiegeschichte; Bd. 12). München; Wien: Profil, 1998.
  5. ↑ Institut für Grenzgebiete der Psychologie und Psychohygiene, Bibliothek, Frei122-Z60 Zeitschrift für Parapsychologie und Grenzgebiete der Psychologie Band 4.1960/61, p.13
  6. ↑ Pauli, Wolfgang; Jung, C G (2001). Atom and Archetype: the Pauli/Jung Letters, 1932-1958. ed. C.A. Meier. Princeton: Princeton University Press. pp. 179–196. ISBN 0-691-01207-5. OCLC 45757717.
  7. ↑ Thirty Years That Shook Physics: The Story of Quantum Theory, 1966, Dover Publications, ISBN 0-486-24895-X.
  8. ↑ Peierls, R. (1960). "Wolfgang Ernst Pauli, 1900-1958". Biographical Memoirs of Fellows of the Royal Society. 5. doi:10.1098/rsbm.1960.0014.
  9. ↑ Wissenschaftlicher Briefwechsel mit Bohr, Einstein, Heisenberg u. a, Band 3 von Wolfgang Pauli, Karl von Meyenn, Herausgeber Karl von Meyenn, Verlag Birkhäuser, 1993, ISBN 0-387-54911-0, P. 763
  10. ↑ Pauli, Wolfgang; et al. (1996). Wissenschaftlicher Briefwechsel mit Bohr, Einstein, Heisenberg, u.a. vol. 4/I. ed. Karl von Meyenn. Berlin: Springer. p. 37. ISBN 3-540-59442-6. OCLC 36847539.

References

  • Enz, Charles P (2002). No Time to be Brief: A Scientific Biography of Wolfgang Pauli. New York: Oxford University Press. ISBN 0-19-856479-1. OCLC 48753063.
  • Enz, Charles P. (2009) [1995]. "Rational and Irrational Features in Wolfgang Pauli's Life". Of Matter And Spirit: Selected Essays by Charles P. Enz. World Scientific. ISBN 981-281-900-2.
  • Roth, Remo, F., Return of the World Soul, Wolfgang Pauli, C.G. Jung and the Challenge of Psychophysical Reality [unus mundus]. Pari Publishing, 2011
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