Parasa lepida

Blue-striped nettle grub
Larva
Adult
Scientific classification
Kingdom: Animalia
Phylum: Arthropoda
Class: Insecta
Order: Lepidoptera
Family: Limacodidae
Genus: Parasa
Species: P. lepida
Binomial name
Parasa lepida
(Cramer, 1799)
Synonyms
  • Noctua lepida Cramer, 1799
  • Latoia lepida (Cramer, 1799)
  • Limacodes graciosa Westwood, 1848
  • Nyssia latitascia Walker, 1855
  • Neaera media Walker, 1855
  • Parasa lepida lepidula Hering, 1933

Parasa lepida, the nettle caterpillar or blue-striped nettle grub, is a moth of the Limacodidae family that was described by Pieter Cramer in 1799. It is a native minor pest found in the Indo-Malayan region, including India, Sri Lanka, Vietnam, Malaysia and Indonesia. It is an introduced pest to urban trees in western Japan.[1][2]

Description

In the male, the head is greenish, with red brown at the sides. The thorax is green with a brown stripe on the vertex. Abdomen brown. Forewings are pale green, resembling the colour of a pea plant. There is a red-brown basal patch on the costa. Outer area is reddish brown, widest at inner margin. Hindwing yellowish at base, reddish brown towards margin. Legs have pale tipped joints. In the female, the reddish-brown stripe on the thorax is much wider and nearly the whole of the hindwing is reddish brown. Larva pale green, whitish or bright yellowish green on the dorsal surface. There are three green bands throughout the body. Sub-dorsal and sub-lateral series of short spinous tubercles, the spines of the anterior and posterior tubercles tipped with red. Cocoon purple brown. Eggs are flat and overlap each other. Eggs are covered by a transparent cement.[3]

Ecology

The egg stage lasted six days, the larval stage forty days and the pupal stage twenty-two days, may fluctuate with climatic changes.[4] The larvae are considered pests and have been recorded from commercial crops[5] like coffee, rubber, oil palm, cocoa, cassava, tea, ebony, coconut, gliricidia, banana, winged bean and mango.[6] The female is known to emit pheromone (Z)-7,9-Decadien-1-ol as a semiochemical.[7]

The cuckoo wasp, Chrysis shanghaiensis is a known parasite on the caterpillars.[8] In August 1986, dead larvae were found on coconut leaves from India. Experiments showed that, multiple embedded baculovirus is the causative agent for the disease.[9]

References

  1. ↑ "Ecology of the Blue-Striped Grub Moth Parasa lepida (Lepidoptera: Limacodidae) in Japan". Nova Science Publishers. pp. 187–202. Retrieved 18 July 2016.
  2. ↑ "An analysis of spatial distribution in the exotic slug caterpillar Parasa lepida (Cramer) (Lepidoptera: Limacodidae) at an urban coastal site in central Japan". The Pan-Pacific Entomologist. Retrieved 18 July 2016.
  3. ↑ Hampson, G. F. (1892). The Fauna of British India Including Ceylon and Burma: Moths. I. Taylor & Francis. Retrieved 29 September 2017.
  4. ↑ "Latoia (Parasa) lepida (Cramer) Lepidoptera Limacodidae, a coconut pest in Indonesia". CABI. Retrieved 18 July 2016.
  5. ↑ "Parasa lepida (Cramer)". ICAR-National Bureau of Agricultural Insect Resources. Retrieved 18 July 2016.
  6. ↑ "Nettle caterpillar (Parasa lepida)". Plantwise Technical Factsheet. Retrieved 18 July 2016.
  7. ↑ "Semiochemicals of Parasa lepida, the Blue-striped nettle grub". The Pherobase: Database of Insect Pheromones and Semiochemicals. Retrieved 18 July 2016.
  8. ↑ "Chrysis shanghaiensis Smith, a Parasite of Parasa lepida Cr". Proceedings of the Royal Entomological Society of London A. 12: 11. doi:10.1111/j.1365-3032.1937.tb00908.x. Retrieved 18 July 2016.
  9. ↑ "A multiple embedding virus of Parasa lepida (Cramer) (Limacodidae: Lepidoptera) in India". Tropical Pest Management. 34 (1): 107–108. 1988. doi:10.1080/09670878809371221. Retrieved 18 July 2016.
This article is issued from Wikipedia. The text is licensed under Creative Commons - Attribution - Sharealike. Additional terms may apply for the media files.