Open Data Kit

Open Data Kit
Developer(s) ODK Development Team
Initial release 1984
Stable release
Collect 1.16, / February 1, 2018 (2018-02-01)
Written in Javascript, Java,
Operating system Android, Cross-platform
Available in English, French, German, Italian.
Type Data Collection Collaborative Mapping
License Apache2 License
Website github.com/opendatakit https://www.opendatakit.org

The Open Data Kit (ODK)[1] community produces free and open-source software for collecting, managing, and using data in resource-constrained environments. It allows the collection of data offline and submit the data, when internet connectivity is available. It allows communities to aggregate data with full control over the collected data and the servers, where the aggregated data is stored.

If a community wants to collect data with full control where the collected data is stored according to privacy concerns and the community members must be able to check the source code of the client and server application for unwanted features and privacy concerns. Furthermore the community wants to have full administrations rights for the server backend the ODK infrastructure can be set up according to the requirements, constraints for privacy concerns of the community.

Application

The Open Data Kit approach is relevant when privacy concerns of communities need to be respected e.g. for health related data,[2][3] environmental monitoring,[4] and political elections.[5]

In resource-constrained environments, SMS based methods for data collection have limitation e.g. in message length and submission of geolocation added to the collected record. Open Data Kit extends the data collection for these applications.[6]

Digital data collection with ODK has been supported by WHO in Nigeria,[7] Centers for Disease Control and Prevention,[8] USAID,[9] the Red Cross[10] and Red Crescent.[11]

Workflow for data collection

  • Download a questionnaire for data collection, which is available for offline use.
  • collect the data, even if device is offline,
  • submit collected data to ODK Aggregate,
  • (optional) access aggregated results for individual decision support.

Components

  • ODK-Collect: Android Open Source App for Data Collection even for offline use in remote areas without internet connectiviy.
  • ODK Build: Component is used for designing a questionnaire for ODK. It works as a drag-and-drop form designer for ODK XForms. It is used for data collection campaign e.g. for Health Sites -
  • OKD-Sensor:[12] using Open data kit sensors for mobile data collection with wired and wireless sensors, that submit the data to the mobile device and collect the data on the mobile device.
  • ODK-Briefcase: ODK can collect the database records with GPS coordinates on a mobile device. ODK Briefcase is a Java application for fetching and pushing forms and their contents. With briefcase helps make billions of data points from ODK portable and use the data points e.g. for Decision Support Systems.
  • ODK Aggregate: The ODK Aggregate is the backend of ODK infrastructure, receiving the data from the mobile devices. To be multiplatform it is designed as Open Source Java server, that stores, analyzes, and presents survey data. Decision support is build on the collected data.

See also

  • Open Data Kit - Open Source GitHUb Repository https://github.com/opendatakit
  • Healthsite.io[13] for collaborative mapping of a health care facilities, which is helpful for emergency response or disaster management.

References

  1. ↑ Hartung, C., Lerer, A., Anokwa, Y., Tseng, C., Brunette, W., & Borriello, G. (2010, December). Open data kit: tools to build information services for developing regions. (p. 18). ACM.
  2. ↑ Tom-Aba, D., Olaleye, A., Olayinka, A. T., Nguku, P., Waziri, N., Adewuyi, P., ... & Shuaib, F. (2015). Innovative technological approach to Ebola virus disease outbreak response in Nigeria using the open data kit and form hub technology. PLOS One, 10(6), e0131000.
  3. ↑ Macharia, P., Muluve, E., Lizcano, J., Cleland, C., Cherutich, P., & Kurth, A. (2013, May). Open Data Kit, A solution implementing a mobile health information system to enhance data management in public health. In IST-Africa Conference and Exhibition (IST-Africa), 2013 (pp. 1-6). IEEE.
  4. ↑ Wireless sensor network system design using Raspberry Pi and Arduino for environmental monitoring applications
  5. ↑ Aranha, D. F., Ribeiro, H., & Paraense, A. L. O. (2016). Crowdsourced integrity verification of election results. Annals of Telecommunications, 71(7-8), 287-297.
  6. ↑ Alam, I., Khusro, S., Rauf, A., & Zaman, Q. (2014). Conducting surveys and data collection: From traditional to mobile and SMS-based surveys. Pakistan Journal of Statistics and Operation Research, 10(2), 169-187.
  7. ↑ Maduka, O., Akpan, G., & Maleghemi, S. (2017). Using Android and Open Data Kit Technology in Data Management for Research in Resource-Limited Settings in the Niger Delta Region of Nigeria: Cross-Sectional Household Survey. JMIR mHealth and uHealth, 5(11).
  8. ↑ Nyaku, M., Wardle, M., Eng, J. V., Ametewee, L., Bonsu, G., Opare, J. K. L., & Conklin, L. (2017). Immunization delivery in the second year of life in Ghana: the need for a multi-faceted approach. The Pan African medical journal, 27(Suppl 3).
  9. ↑ Gender and Information and Communication Toolkit of USAID - PDF-Document for Mobile Solutions and Technical Assitance (accessed 2018/09/13) - https://www.usaid.gov/sites/default/files/documents/15396/Gender_and_ICT_Toolkit.pdf
  10. ↑ Haskew, J., Kenyi, V., William, J., Alum, R., Puri, A., Mostafa, Y., & Davis, R. (2015). Use of mobile information technology during planning, implementation and evaluation of a polio campaign in South Sudan. PLOS One, 10(8), e0135362.
  11. ↑ Wilbrink, J. G. (2017). Remoteness as a proxy for social vulnerability in Malawian Traditional Authorities An open data and open-source approach (MS thesis).
  12. ↑ Chaudhri, R., Brunette, W., Goel, M., Sodt, R., VanOrden, J., Falcone, M., & Borriello, G. (2012, March). Open data kit sensors: mobile data collection with wired and wireless sensors. (p. 9). ACM.
  13. ↑ Saameli, R., Kalubi, D., Herringer, M., Sutton, T., & de Roodenbeke, E. (2016, May). Healthsites. io: The Global Healthsites Mapping Project. (pp. 53-59). Springer, Cham.
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