Nyctibatrachus
| Nyctibatrachus | |
|---|---|
 | |
| Unidentified Nyctibatrachus from Phanasad Wildlife Sanctuary, Maharashtra | |
Scientific classification  | |
| Kingdom: | Animalia |
| Phylum: | Chordata |
| Class: | Amphibia |
| Order: | Anura |
| Family: | Nyctibatrachidae |
| Genus: | Nyctibatrachus Boulenger, 1882 |
| Species | |
|
Presently 28, see text | |
Nyctibatrachus is a genus of frogs endemic to the Western Ghats of southwestern India. Their common name is night frogs.[1][2] Their scientific name also means "night frog", in reference to their habits and dark color.
Description
Nyctibatrachus are robust-bodied frogs that range in size from small (snout–vent length <13 mm in Nyctibatrachus robinmoorei)[3] to relatively large (up to 84 mm Nyctibatrachus karnatakaensis). They have a concealed tympanum, dorsum with longitudinal skin folds, femoral glands, and expanded finger and toes disks. They occur near streams in hilly evergreen forests[4] and are nocturnal.[5] Most species have amplexus but Nyctibatrachus humayuni does not; in this species the male moves over the eggs after the female has deposited them.[4]
Species
There are 35 species:
- Nyctibatrachus acanthodermis Biju et al., 2011[5] - spinular night frog
- Nyctibatrachus aliciae Inger, Shaffer, Koshy, and Bakde, 1984
- Nyctibatrachus anamallaiensis (Myers, 1942)
- Nyctibatrachus athirappillyensis Garg, 2017[3]
- Nyctibatrachus beddomii (Boulenger, 1882)
- Nyctibatrachus danieli Biju et al., 2011[5]
- Nyctibatrachus dattatreyaensis Dinesh, Radhakrishnan, and Bhatta, 2008
- Nyctibatrachus deccanensis Dubois, 1984
- Nyctibatrachus deveni Biju et al., 2011[5]
- Nyctibatrachus gavi Biju et al., 2011[5]
- Nyctibatrachus grandis Biju et al., 2011[5]
- Nyctibatrachus humayuni Bhaduri and Kripalani, 1955 - Bombay night frog
- Nyctibatrachus indraneili Biju et al., 2011[5]
- Nyctibatrachus jog Biju et al., 2011[5] - Jog night frog
- Nyctibatrachus karnatakaensis Dinesh, Radhakrishnan, Manjunatha Reddy, and Gururaja, 2007[6]
- Nyctibatrachus kempholeyensis (Rao, 1937)
- Nyctibatrachus kumbara Gururaja, Dinesh, Priti, and Ravikanth, 2014
- Nyctibatrachus major Boulenger, 1882 – Malabar night frog
- Nyctibatrachus manalari Garg, 2017[3]
- Nyctibatrachus minimus Biju, Van Bocxlaer, Giri, Roelants, Nagaraju, and Bossuyt, 2007
- Nyctibatrachus minor Inger, Shaffer, Koshy, and Bakde, 1984
- Nyctibatrachus periyar Biju et al., 2011[5]
- Nyctibatrachus petraeus Das and Kunte, 2005
- Nyctibatrachus pillaii Biju et al., 2011[5]
- Nyctibatrachus poocha Biju et al., 2011[5]
- Nyctibatrachus pulivijayani Garg, 2017[3]
- Nyctibatrachus radcliffei Garg, 2017[3]
- Nyctibatrachus robinmoorei Garg, 2017[3]
- Nyctibatrachus sabarimalai Garg, 2017[3]
- Nyctibatrachus sanctipalustris Rao, 1920
- Nyctibatrachus shiradi Biju et al., 2011[5]
- Nyctibatrachus sylvaticus Rao, 1937 - forest night frog
- Nyctibatrachus vasanthi Ravichandran, 1997
- Nyctibatrachus vrijeuni Biju et al., 2011[5] - VUB night frog
- Nyctibatrachus webilla Garg, 2017[3]
References
- ↑ Frost, Darrel R. (2015). "Nyctibatrachus Boulenger, 1882". Amphibian Species of the World: an Online Reference. Version 6.0. American Museum of Natural History. Retrieved 7 July 2015.
- ↑ "Nyctibatrachidae". AmphibiaWeb: Information on amphibian biology and conservation. [web application]. Berkeley, California: AmphibiaWeb. 2014. Retrieved 29 May 2014.
- 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 Garg, Sonali; Suyesh, Robin; Sukesan, Sandeep; Biju, SD (21 February 2017). "Seven new species of Night Frogs (Anura, Nyctibatrachidae) from the Western Ghats Biodiversity Hotspot of India, with remarkably high diversity of diminutive forms". PeerJ. 5. doi:10.7717/peerj.3007. ISSN 2167-8359. Retrieved 24 February 2017.
- 1 2 Vitt, Laurie J.; Caldwell, Janalee P. (2014). Herpetology: An Introductory Biology of Amphibians and Reptiles (4th ed.). Academic Press. pp. 509–510.
- 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 Biju, S.D., Van Bocxlaer, I., Mahony, S., Dinesh, K.P., Radhakrishnan, C., Zachariah, A., Giri, V., and Bossuyt, F. (2011). "A taxonomic review of the Night Frog genus Nyctibatrachus Boulenger, 1882 in the Western Ghats, India (Anura: Nyctibatrachidae) with description of twelve new species" (PDF). Zootaxa. 3029: 1–96.
- ↑ Dinesh, K.P., C. Radhakrishnan, A.H. Manjunatha Reddy and K.V. Gururaja (2007). "Nyctibatrachus karnatakaensis nom. nov., a replacement name for the Giant Wrinkled Frog from the Western Ghats" (PDF). Current Science. 93 (2): 246–250.
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