Non-racialism

Non-Racialism is an ideology rejecting racism and racialism while affirming liberal democratic ideals.[1]

History

It became the official state policy of South Africa after April 1994,[1] and it is enshrined in Chapter One of the Constitution of South Africa. It was also a prominent concept in the 1955 Freedom Charter.[2]

The term has been criticized as vague, and carrying different meanings even among people sharing the same ideological tradition.[3]

The earliest use of the term was by Karl Polanyi in the 1930s.[4] Neville Alexander defines non-racialism as the acknowledgement of the nonexistence of race as a scientific fact.[5] Robert Mugabe professed a belief in non-racialism in the early 1960s, but later rejected the concept and harshly criticized Nelson Mandela for his embrace of the ideology.[6]

Non-Racialism is a core policy of the African National Congress. Power struggles between supporters of non-racialism and a black nationalist minority within the party led to establishment of the breakaway Pan Africanist Congress in 1959.[7]

References

  1. 1 2 MacDonald, Michael (2006). Why Race Matters in South Africa. Harvard University Press. p. 106. ISBN 9780674021860.
  2. ↑ David, Everatt. "The Origins of Non-Racialism: White opposition to apartheid in the 1950s". Retrieved 6 February 2018.
  3. ↑ Ratcliffe, Peter (2005). Race, Ethnicity And Nation: International Perspectives On Social Conflict. Routledge. p. 78. ISBN 9781135361853. Retrieved March 1, 2018.
  4. ↑ "non-racialism". Oxford Dictionaries. Retrieved 4 February 2018.
  5. ↑ Ratcliffe, Peter (2005). Race, Ethnicity And Nation: International Perspectives On Social Conflict. Routledge. p. 81. ISBN 9781135361853. Retrieved March 1, 2018.
  6. ↑ "'Fascinating' video of Mugabe talking 'non-racialism' like Mandela goes viral on social media". News24. 16 September 2017. Retrieved 6 February 2018.
  7. ↑ "1949-1961: Period of direct action, non violent resistance and protest". African National Congress. Retrieved 6 February 2018.
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