Najat Al Saghira

Najat El Saghira
نجاة الصغيرة
Najat El Saghira in the 1958 film Ghariba
Born Najat Muhammad Kamal Hosni
نجاة محمد كمال حسني البابا
(1938-08-11) 11 August 1938
Cairo, Egypt
Nationality Egyptian
Occupation Singer, actress
Years active 1943–2002
Spouse(s) Kamal Mansi
Hossam El-Din Mustafa
Children 1

Najat El Saghira (Arabic: نجاة الصغيرة‎; born 11 August 1938) (alternative spelling: Nagat El Saghira) is an Egyptian singer and actress. She retired from filming in 1976 and from singing in 2002. Najat began her career at the age of five and retired 59 years later.[1][2][3][4]

Najat El Saghira is part of music from the Egyptian “golden age” of the 1940s, ’50s and ’60s. She still inspires others. For example, Paris based Lebanese singer Yasmine Hamdan (born 1976) mixes different dialects and forms of Arabic in her singing, inspired by performers who include Najat l Saghira.[5]

Early life

Portrait (1946). Seated from left: Mohammad Hosni (calligrapher, 1894-1969), Najat, (Hosni's daughter), sitting on the knee of Sheikh Mohammed Abdul Rahman, Najeeb Al Hawaweeni (calligrapher) and Said Ibrahim (calligrapher); Standing from left: Ezzidin Hosny (composer and Najat's brother); Hashem Muhammad al-Baghdadi (calligrapher) and Mohammed Achmed Abu Eynen (Najat's uncle

Najat El Saghira was the daughter of prominent calligrapher, Mohammad Hosni, an ethnic Kurd from Syria who had settled in Cairo in around 1912; and his first wife. Her father married twice.[6][7][8][9] She grew up in a household that was frequented by leading artists and calligraphers. [10] Najat El Saghira was singing at family gatherings from the age of five. She made her first film, Hadiya (released in 1947) at the age of eight.[11][6]

In a recorded interview,[12] in the mid-1960s for Egyptian TV with the presenter Ms Salwa Hegzi, Nagat stated that she had, at that time, eight brothers and sisters. Lately, some media outlets are indicating double that number; the most frequently mentioned is seventeen brothers and sisters.[13] The discrepancy between eight and seventeen siblings can be readily explained by the nature of an extended family. Najat is one of eight siblings (four boys: Ezz Eddin, Nabil, Farooq and Sami; and four girls: Khadiga, Samira, Najat herself and Afaf) from her father's first marriage; as well as three half-sisters from her father's second marriage to Gawhara (Kawther, Soad, Sabah). Following Gawhara's divorce from Hosni and remarrieage to Abdel Monem Hafez, another six children were born (three boys: Jaheer, Jaser and Jalaa; and three girls: Jehan, Janjah and Jeely). The grand total of 17 is made up of eight full siblings; three half-sisters and six step-siblings. In the same interview, Najat confirmed that she was brought up in a home where most of her brothers and sisters were artists. [7]

Home of artists

Her father's household was known as “the home of the Artists”. Leading artists from across the Arab world regularly visited Hosni's home in Khan Al Khalili, Cairo. Many of his children became performance artists. His son, Ezz Eddin Hosni (1927 – 2013), a music composer, taught his sister Najat music and singing. His other son Sami Hosni is a Cello player, jewellery designer and also calligrapher.[6][14] The Egyptian actress Soad Hosni (1943-2001) is Najat's half-sister.[7] Soad died in London under controversial circumstances. Her funeral was attended by some 10,000 people.[15] Soad Hosni performed in more than 80 films the last of which was released in 1991[1] and had five marriages and no children.

Marriages

Najat had two marriages. Her first marriage was at young age, in 1955, when she was 16 (or 17) years old to Kamal Mansi who was a friend of her brother. She was divorced around 1960 and remarried in 1967. Najat also divorced from her second husband, film director Houssam El-Din Mustafa (1926-2000), shortly afterwards and has remained single to date. Media reports suggest that she made a decision to devote her life to raising her only child, Waleed, from her first marriage, and to her work.[11]

Vocal development and style

In the first 10 years of her singing career Najat imitated other singers. Renowned Egyptian journalist Fikry Abatha (1896-1979) demanded the State should support the young gifted Najat. According to her family that period “trained” her voice. However, in 1949, music composer Mohammed Abdul Wahab (1902–1991) actually filed an official complaint at the Police station against Najat’s father. He claimed that such training hindered the natural process of her voice development and that she should be left alone to develop freely without it.[2][11][16][17]

Najat broke away from imitating other singers when she released her own first song in 1955 at the age of 16 years. In the above-mentioned 1960s interview, Najat herself indicated her first song was “Why did you allow me to love you?” Thereafter she released several other songs for Radio stations. Each song had duration of 7 to 8 minutes.[12] She began to deliver “long-duration” songs. Each of these songs tells a story and each typically lasts for some 20–40 minutes in studio recordings. To hold onto her audience for the longer durations on stage Najat turned her attention to people like Nizar Qabbani. His classic poetic styles combine simplicity and elegance in exploring themes of love and feminism.[18][19][20] She has sung at least four of his poems, all of which were composed by Abdul Wahab.[11][21]

These long duration songs were highly successful. Her rigorous training, lengthy rehearsals in the recording studios and tireless performance on the stage are legendary. In total, Najat Al Saghira may have recorded more than 200 songs;[22] top 53 of which are available on Apple’s iTunes web site[23]

She built on this success in subsequent years, despite the difficulty of finding new outstanding poems and corresponding music compositions. To combat this shortage, she was forced to rely on her own abilities in performance. For example, in 1976, at the age of 37, she performed several songs in her last film “Dried Tears”. One of these songs was “Mata?” derived from the poem written by Nizar Qabbani with music by Abdul Wahab. The duration of this song in the film was less than ten minutes. In the years that followed, Najat sang it several times on stage; the last time was in 2002. One of those repeats was in the 1980s when she was in her 40s. In this performance, she extended the delivery of this song from below 10 minutes in the film to about one hour on the stage. Many consider this specific performance on the stage one of her lifetime bests. It was recorded and can be easily found on YouTube.[24]

Recognition and legacy

Najat’s stage performances are at the core of her legacy. Kamal Al Taweel (1922–2003),[25] one of her distinguished collaborators, indicated in a TV interview that as far as music composers were concerned Najat Al Saghira was the best performer in the Arab world. This indication tallies with the position of her core fans who place her as No.1 in the Arab world. That is ahead of Umm Kulthum (1898–1975) who is still widely regarded by many as the greatest Arabic singer in history.[16][26]

Mohammed Abdul Wahab, the most prominent 20th-century Arab composer, felt his works were safest with Najat. He described her as “the owner of the loud silence”![11]

Nizar Qabbani (1923–1998)[27] a Syrian diplomat and one of the most revered contemporary poets in the Arab world said in a TV interview that he hoped to attract some 15 thousand readers when he published a book of poetry, but when Najat sang one of his poems it attracted millions in the Arab-speaking world. He also said “… I believe she (Najat) is the best among those who sang and expressed my poems”.[11]

Najat’s 1960s-1970s songs, including those in films and stage performances are the core of her legacy.[28] Her stage performances popularity remained undiminished right up to her retirement in 2002.


Films

Najat made 13 films then retired from filming in 1976 at the age of 37 years.[2][11] Nearly, all of her films contained songs performed by her.

The best of these films are those where she has the starring role (top five of listed films below are available on YouTube);

  • 1958 Stranger
  • 1962 Black Candles
  • 1966 Beach of Fun
  • 1969 Seven Days in Heaven
  • 1971 My Dear Daughter
  • 1976 Dried Tears.

After her retirement from filming Najat Al Saghira retained her beauty[29] on stage over three decades.

Music

Several of the Arabic music composers of the 20th century worked with Najat such as;[11]

  • Mohammed Abdul Wahab (1902–1991) who composed her best hits including “Do not lie”, "In the hour when I see you beside me" and “Mata?”
  • Kamal Al Taweel (1922–2003) who composed “Live with me”
  • Baligh Hamdi (1932–1993)[30] who composed “I am waiting for you”.
  • Sayed Mekawy (1927–1997) who composed “It makes a big difference”.
  • Mohammad El Mougi (1923–1995)[31] who composed “Eyes of the heart”.
  • Mahmood Al Sherif (1912-1990) who in 1955 composed for her the brilliant song "Thirsty" on loving the Nile river which was written by Morsi Jameel Aziz[32]
  • Ezz Eddin Hosni (1927 – 2013) (Najat's brother) who composed for her "On your wing my bird I will tie my message" which was written by Mohammad Al Bahteeti[33]
  • Composers of other songs: Riyad Al Sunbati (1906–1981), Hilmy Bakr (born 1937) as well as Zakariyya Ahmad (1896–1961).

Words

The list of song-writing collaborators may have been even longer than that for music.

Najat Al Saghira kick-started the sixties decade with her first long-duration song “Does he think I am a toy in his two hands? (or In short Arabic: “Ayadhonu”)”. It was written by Nizar Qabbani with music by Abdul Wahab. There is an interesting photo of an archived 1960 letter[34] circulating in the media, addressed to Najat Al Saghira and hand-written by Nizar when he was in China on a diplomatic mission. In this letter he was pressing her to send him the recording of the song upon its release. It was his first with her and an immediate huge success.[28]

Besides Nizar Qabbani, other famous Arabic poets and song writers of the 20th century also obliged Najat; such as Maamoun Shennawi (1914-1994) who wrote “Your love is my life”, his brother Kamal Shennawi (1908–1965)[35][36] who wrote “Do not lie” and Abdel Rahman el-Abnudi who described her warm soft voice as “diamond-like”.[37]

Najat, as she herself confirms in that 1960s interview, always sought quality in words. She was extremely cautious with and meticulous in her choice of her lyrics. One example is that she replaced several words in and even deleted possibly more than one line from “Mata?” the original poem by Nizar Qabbani before she agreed to perform it.[19]

Competition

Najat emerged at a time when the field was already crowded with formidable competitors. These included;

From the start of the Sixties, Najat quickly became a category on her own; separate from the others.

Awards

Najat was honoured and given prizes many times.[2][11][38]

  • In 1960s, President Gamal Abdul Nasser (1918–1970) awarded her a high ranking Medal.
  • She had, and still does have, many fans in Tunisia. Both Tunisian Presidents Habib Bourguiba (1903–2000) and later on Zine El Abidine Ben Ali (born 1936) gave her awards.
  • In 1985, King Hussain of Jordan (1935–1999) gave her the First Degree Medal of Independence.
  • In 2006, some four years after her retirement, she won the prize for “Those Who Gave People Happiness” in Dubai. She was handed a Gold Medal and US $100,000.

Latest

Najat Al Saghira has not been seen on screen or in public since 2006.[38][39]

In 2010, a reporter confirmed that she still lives in Cairo but travels to London in summer for medical treatment.[40]

In 2014, at the age of 74, she made a phone call[41] to an Arabic TV station. She was talking from Germany where she was receiving medical treatment.[42][43]

In 2015 (January), Najat Al Saghira refused substantial monetary offers from TV channels for her participation in a proposed TV series on Soad Hosni.[44]

In 2015 (spring), social media chatter indicated Najat was receiving physiotherapy and there were some concerns about her health.

References

  1. 1 2 , Great Arab Actresses/singers.
  2. 1 2 3 4 , Bio Article by Nasser Zarif Shafik (in Arabic).
  3. ↑ , Najat El Saghira (Retirement news in English). Al Bawaba publication is based in Jordon with office in UAE, 2002/11/05: “Najat Al Saghira makes her last bow off stage with no regrets”, Al Bawaba Middle East Limited, The Plenary, 4th Floor, 74 Abdel Hamid Sharaf Street, P.O. Box 142460, Amman 11844, Jordan.
  4. ↑ , Institute for Palestine Studies, 3501 M Street NW, Washington, DC 20007, United States, Volume 32, 2002/03, No.3: “Liberating Songs: Palestine Put to Music”, by Joseph Massad. This article lists, under “Revolutionary Egypt”, Nagat El-Saghira as one of the most important artists.
  5. ↑ , The New York Times, “Arabic Music's Modern Voice” by Tara Mulholland April 12, 2012.
  6. 1 2 3 , Al Ahram [Arabic newspaper in Egypt]], 2012/12/06, Issue No. 46021: “Brother of Nagat El Saghira and Soad Hosni: I taught singing to Nagat “, by Ahmad Al Samehi."
  7. 1 2 3 , Alsharq Al Awsat newspaper, 2001/08/03, No. 8284: Article on Soad Hosni and her family by Mayad Beloun.
  8. ↑ , 2015/06/24: Article on Mohammad Hosni the calligrapher.
  9. ↑ , Alsharq Al Awsat[newspaper], 2001/08/03, No. 8284: Article on Soad Hosni and her family by Mayad Beloun.
  10. ↑ , Bio Article by Nasser Zarif Shafik], reverbnation.com; accessed 26 January 2016. (in Arabic).
  11. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 , Al Sharq Al Awsat newspaper, 2007/06/27, Issue No.10468, Arabic Article “Najat Al Saghira owner of the loud salience).
  12. 1 2 , Recorded Najat 1960s Interview
  13. ↑ , British Broadcasting Corporation “BBC”, 2001/06/28: “Egyptians mourn screen Cinderella”.
  14. ↑ , Al-Etihad newspaper, UAE, Obituary of Ezz- Eldin Hosni (brother of Najat Al Saghira).
  15. ↑ , Arabic newspaper “Al Bayan” in Dubai, 2001/06/29: Article about Soad Hosni funeral.
  16. 1 2 , Arabic newspaper “Al Watan” in Qatar, 2012/10/03: Article on Najat Al Saghira retirement.
  17. ↑ , 2009/07/20 2 “Mohammed Abdul-Wahab”, latest update 2015/06/30.
  18. ↑ “Nizar Qabbani: From Romance to Exile”, Muhamed Al Khalil, 2005, A dissertation submitted to the faculty of the Department of Near Eastern Studies in partial ulfilment of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy in the Graduate College of the University of Arizona, USA.
  19. 1 2 , Art and information: text of “Mata?” as written by Nizar Qabbani and as sung by Najat Al Saghira.
  20. ↑ , Arabic news channel “Al Arabiya” in Saudi Arabia, original Article in December 2006 (latest update: 2011/11/01): “Najat Al Saghira: This is my story with Nizar”.
  21. ↑ , Arabic book, Page 18: The works of Nizar Qabbani between Rainbows, Volume 1, Author: Mohammad Al Zeno Al Sallom. English translation: The other poetry, of entering the sea, erotic and Nizar Qabbani, Publisher: INTERLINK, New York, 1990 (Translator: Lina Jayosi et al). Nizar Qabbani poems table on page 18 shows four poems sung by Najat Al Saghira all with music by Abdul Wahab: I ask you to go, What am I going to tell him, What does he think (Aydhono) and Mata?.
  22. ↑ , Najat songs (about 200 recordings).
  23. ↑ , Najat Al Saghira Albums.
  24. ↑ , Najat singing “Mata?” on stage
  25. ↑ "Archived copy". Archived from the original on 2013-06-19. Retrieved 2015-07-02. , Obituary of Kamal El-Tawil (1922-2003), By Amina Elbendary stating his music in the form of songs was propagated by the Arab world's most famous singers including Najat, Sabah (singer) and Warda Al-Jazairia. (Nagat refers to Najat Al Saghira).
  26. ↑ "Archived copy". Archived from the original on 2012-10-22. Retrieved 2015-07-02. , Al Ahram Weekly Online, 2001/12/21 –2002/01/02, Issue No. 566, “Umm Kulthoum superstar” by Youssef Rakha and Nevine El-Aref.
  27. ↑ , The Independent, British newspaper, 1998/05/05. “Obituary: Nizar Qabbani” by Adel Darwish.
  28. 1 2 English and Arabic Articles on Najat Al saghira; see "Me, Baghdad’s Sixties and Najat Al Saghira".
  29. ↑ , Egypt Prettiest Women (32 out of 208) –English Article.
  30. ↑ , Warda Al Jazaeria was married to music composer Baligh Hamdi, January 1994: Homage to Baligh Hamdi Whose Songs Have Been Interpreted by the Greatest Singers, by Hachlef, Translated by M. Stoffel.
  31. ↑ , Mohammad Al Mougi TV interview (75 minutes).
  32. ↑ , Najat Al Saghira 1955 beautiful song "Atshan Ya Asmarani" on YouTube, accessed on 2015/08/11.
  33. ↑ Najat Al Saghira song "Ala Tarf Jenahak Ya Hamamy", on YouTube, accessed on 2015/08/11.
  34. ↑ , Syrian History web site (1960 Nizar Qabbani letter to Najat Al Saghira).
  35. ↑ , Arabic newspaper “Al Etihad” in UAE, 2013/10/23.: “Al Shennawi and Najat”.
  36. ↑ , Kamel El Shennawi.
  37. ↑ , English issue of Arabic newspaper “Al Ahram” 2014/04/16, “El-Abnoudi's songs: The heart of Egypt and the Arabs“by Ahmed El-Sayed Al-Naggar; retrieved from ahraonline on 2015/06/30.
  38. 1 2 Arabic newspaper “Al Shaqr Al Awsat”, 2006/12/04, Issue No. 10233: Najat Al Saghira wins “Al Owais” prize, by Mohammad Qanawi.
  39. ↑ , Arabic newspaper, 2008/02/11: En Nahar online, PO Box 67, Haydarah, Algeria 16035, “Najat Al Saghira decides to spend rest of her life in Medinah”.
  40. ↑ , Arabic Weekly Magazine “Bawabat Al Shabab” published by Al Ahram Organization, Cairo, Egypt, 2010/07/04: “Al Shabab penetrates Najat Al Saghira world”.
  41. ↑ , 2014 Najat’s Phone call.
  42. ↑ , Arabic newspaper, 2014/06/28: “Najat Al Saghira fly to Germany to consult a neurologist”, Mustafa Hamdi.
  43. ↑ , Arabic newspaper “Al Quds Al- Arabic” in London, UK, 2014/09/01: Article on Najat Al Saghira medical treatment in Germany.
  44. ↑ , Al Messa, 111-115 Rameses Street, Cairo, Egypt – PO Box 11511, Tel 25783333, Arabic Article (Najat Al Saghira refuse to trading her family), by Zaki Mustafa, 1/20/2015 11:41:56 AM, Accessed 21 August 2015
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