My Companions in the Bleak House

My Companions in the Bleak House
Author Eva Kantůrková
Original title Přítelkyně z domu smutku
Language Czech
Subject Political imprisonment, incarceration of women
Genre Fiction, memoir
Set in Ruzyně, Prague
Publication date
 1984 (Cologne), 1990 (Prague)
Published in English
 1987
Pages 304 (English)
Awards Tom Stoppard Prize
ISBN 978-0-87951-289-7 1st US ed.

My Companions in the Bleak House (Czech: Přítelkyně z domu smutku) is a novel by Czech author Eva Kantůrková, first published in 1984 and was the first recipient of the Tom Stoppard Prize. It is a fictionalised account of Kantůrková's time in prison on charges of sedition in Communist Czechoslovakia. In 1992 it was adapted into a ​4 1⁄2-hour miniseries, which won two awards at the Festival International de Programmes Audiovisuels.

Writing

The book tells the story of twelve female prisoners held in Ruzyně prison in Prague, in the form of a fictionalized memoir. Arrested in 1981, the author was herself held there for eleven months in for sedition after signing Charter 77, which criticised the Czechoslovak Socialist Republic for human rights failings related to the Helsinki Accords. Kantůrková herself does not appear in the book, which is narrated by a character called Eva. The title is a reference to Charles Dickens' novel Bleak House, which satirised the English justice system.[1][2]

In the book, Kantůrková spells out seven rules for life as a prisoner of conscience:[1]

  1. Never let them catch you out.
  2. Name no names.
  3. Dictate your statement yourself.
  4. Stay calm and smiling.
  5. Never say more than you need.
  6. Don't let them get you down physically.
  7. At least once a day, rise above the banality of prison life

The narrative takes place from 8 March to 8 March, beginning and ending on International Women's Day.[3]

Aspects of the characters' prison life include diseases, interrogations, the exercise yard under close guard, improvised cosmetics and Christmas decorations, a gypsy wedding and, in the last chapter of the book, séances.[1][2] A Hungarian Romani woman called Fanny, teaches the others to dance the csárdás and sings folk-tunes.[3] Much of the book concerns the women's communications with each other and with the male prisoners housed below them, by passing notes on string or through bars, tapping on heating pipes and the floor in Morse code, yelling into the toilet system, and through song.[4]

Publication

The Czech language original was published in 1984 in Cologne, Germany. An English translation was published in 1987 by The Overlook Press with an introduction by Václav Havel, who himself spent several stretches of time in Ruzyně. It was the first of Kantůrková's novels to be translated into English.[2]

At the time the book was written, Kantůrková was not allowed to publish in Czechoslovakia, nor to leave the country.[2] The translator chose to remain anonymous.[5][6]

Reception

The New York Times review by Frances Padorr Brent somewhat criticised both the translation, which is British-inflected, and the writing, which at times "slackens, as if the task of including everything about Ruzyně exhausts the author". Still, at its best, Padorr Brent said, "it is a record of human kindness that for those of us who have lived our lives in freedom can only be compared to the care sometimes given to loved ones who are sick".[1]

A Los Angeles Times review of the book wrote that "the clarity, the imagination, the wit, the odd detail, the light-filled corners of Kantůrková's darkest observations are in the best Czech literary tradition" and that it "may indeed be the best novel of its genre since Solzhenitsyn's far bleaker One Day in the Life of Ivan Denisovich."[2]

Publishers Weekly called My Companions in the Bleak House a "stunning tour-de-force".[5]

It won the Tom Stoppard Prize in 1984 for the best work of Czechoslovak unofficial literature.[6][7]

Attention has been paid to the fact that the book focuses exclusively on the stories of women, and particularly women in prison.[6][8][9]

Adaptation

My Companions in the Bleak House was made into a four-part miniseries for Czech Television in 1992, starring Ivana Chýlková. The four 70-minute episodes were written by Kantůrková with Václav Šašek. They were re-broadcast in 2001 and again in 2017, in commemoration of the fortieth anniversary of Charter 77.[10][11]

At the 1994 Festival International de Programmes Audiovisuels in Cannes, My Companions in the Bleak House won the FIPA d'argent (silver) for Best Series or Miniseries, and Chýlková won the FIPA d'or (gold) for Best Actress.[12]

Episodes:

  1. Dům smutku ("Bleak House")
  2. Andy
  3. Helga
  4. Přítelkyně z domu smutku ("My Companions in the Bleak House")

See also

References

  1. 1 2 3 4 Padorr Brent 1987.
  2. 1 2 3 4 5 Stryon 1987.
  3. 1 2 Hron 2003, p. 88.
  4. ↑ Hron 2003, p. 88–90.
  5. 1 2 Publishers Weekly 2018.
  6. 1 2 3 Segel 2012.
  7. ↑ Czechoslovak Helsinki Committee 1989, p. 79–80.
  8. ↑ Hron 2003.
  9. ↑ True 2003, p. 51.
  10. ↑ Málková 1994.
  11. ↑ Česká televize.
  12. ↑ L'Humanité 1994.

Sources

  • Czechoslovak Helsinki Committee (1989). Human Rights in Czechoslovakia. Human Rights Watch. ISBN 978-0-929692-24-1.
  • Hron, Madelaine (May 2003). ""Word Made Flesh": Czech Women's Writing From Communism to Post-Communism". Journal of International Women's Studies. 4 (3): 81–98. Retrieved 27 July 2018.
  • Málková, Iva (1994). "KANTŮRKOVÁ, Eva: Přítelkyně z domu smutku". In Dokoupil, Blahoslav; Zelinský, Miroslav. Slovník české prózy [Dictionary of Czech Prose 1945-1994] (in Czech). Brno: Sfinga. pp. 153–156. ISBN 978-80-85491-84-5. —text available at Slovník české literatury
  • Padorr Brent, Frances (13 December 1987). "Jailed in Prague". The New York Times. Retrieved 27 July 2018.
  • Segel, Harold B., ed. (2012). "Eva Kantůrková". The Walls Behind the Curtain: East European Prison Literature, 1945-1990. University of Pittsburgh Press. pp. 142–150. ISBN 978-0-8229-7802-2.
  • Styron, Rose (22 November 1987). "Theater of the Absurd in a Czech Prison: My Companions in the Bleak House". The Los Angeles Times. Retrieved 27 July 2018.
  • True, Jacqui (2003). Gender, Globalization, and Postsocialism: The Czech Republic After Communism. Columbia University Press. ISBN 978-0-231-12715-8.
  • "Přítelkyně z domu smutku". Česká televize (in Czech). Retrieved 27 July 2018.
  • "Le palmarès du FIPA". L'Humanité (in French). 13 January 1994. Retrieved 27 July 2018. —note: the French title is «Amies de la maison tristesse»
  • "My Companions in the Bleak House". Publishers Weekly. 1 September 1987. Retrieved 27 July 2018.

Further reading

  • Scott, Hilda (April 1988). "Review: Behind a Door with No Handle". The Women's Review of Books. 5 (7): 11. doi:10.2307/4020253.
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