List of Muslim scientists

This is a list of scientists who have contributed significantly to science and civilization..

Astronomers

Biologists, neuroscientists, and psychologists

Chemists and alchemists

Economists and social scientists

Geographers and earth scientists

Mathematicians

Further information: Islamic mathematics: Biographies

Philosophers

For a detailed list of Muslim philosophers, refer to the List of Muslim philosophers, for an exhaustive list of widely-known philosophers with Muslim faith or Islamic background, including modern day philosophers from Muslim community, a list is given here;

Physicians and surgeons

Physicists and engineers

Political scientists

References

  1. ↑ Amber Haque (2004), "Psychology from Islamic Perspective: Contributions of Early Muslim Scholars and Challenges to Contemporary Muslim Psychologists", Journal of Religion and Health 43 (4): 357-377 [375].
  2. ↑ Saoud, R. "The Arab Contribution to the Music of the Western World" (PDF). Retrieved 2007-01-12.
  3. ↑ Amber Haque (2004), "Psychology from Islamic Perspective: Contributions of Early Muslim Scholars and Challenges to Contemporary Muslim Psychologists", Journal of Religion and Health 43 (4): 357-377 [361]
  4. ↑ Nurdeen Deuraseh and Mansor Abu Talib (2005), "Mental health in Islamic medical tradition", The International Medical Journal 4 (2), p. 76-79.
  5. ↑ Amber Haque (2004), "Psychology from Islamic Perspective: Contributions of Early Muslim Scholars and Challenges to Contemporary Muslim Psychologists", Journal of Religion and Health 43 (4): 357-377 [362]
  6. 1 2 Amber Haque (2004), "Psychology from Islamic Perspective: Contributions of Early Muslim Scholars and Challenges to Contemporary Muslim Psychologists", Journal of Religion and Health 43 (4): 357-377 [363].
  7. 1 2 3 Martin-Araguz, A.; Bustamante-Martinez, C.; Fernandez-Armayor, Ajo V.; Moreno-Martinez, J. M. (2002). "Neuroscience in al-Andalus and its influence on medieval scholastic medicine", Revista de neurología 34 (9), p. 877-892.
  8. ↑ Omar Khaleefa (Summer 1999). "Who Is the Founder of Psychophysics and Experimental Psychology?", American Journal of Islamic Social Sciences 16 (2).
  9. ↑ Muhammad Iqbal, The Reconstruction of Religious Thought in Islam, "The Spirit of Muslim Culture"
  10. ↑ S Safavi-Abbasi, LBC Brasiliense, RK Workman (2007), "The fate of medical knowledge and the neurosciences during the time of Genghis Khan and the Mongolian Empire", Neurosurgical Focus 23 (1), E13, p. 3.
  11. ↑ Nasr, Seyyed Hossein; Oliver Leaman (1996). History of Islamic Philosophy. Routledge. pp. 315 & 1022–1023. ISBN 0-415-13159-6.
  12. ↑ G. A. Russell (1994), The 'Arabick' Interest of the Natural Philosophers in Seventeenth-Century England, pp. 224-262, Brill Publishers, ISBN 90-04-09459-8.
  13. ↑ Theories on Death and Dying, Lines-2,3, in Additional Lifespan Development Topics, page-4, McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc., Retrieved from http://glencoe.mcgraw-hill.com/sites/dl/free/0078883601/680442/Additional_Lifespan_Development_Topics.pdf
  14. ↑ Md Zakaria Siddique, Reviewing the Phenomenon of Death—A Scientific Effort from the Islamic World, page-1, Death Studies, 2009. Retrieved from http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/07481180802602824?journalCode=udst20#.Ux1bGKw-bBI
  15. ↑ Additional Lifespan Development Topics, McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc., pages 4,5. Retrieved from http://glencoe.mcgraw-hill.com/sites/dl/free/0078883601/680442/Additional_Lifespan_Development_Topics.pdf
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  17. ↑ John Warren (2005). "War and the Cultural Heritage of Iraq: a sadly mismanaged affair", Third World Quarterly, Volume 26, Issue 4 & 5, p. 815-830.
  18. ↑ Dr. A. Zahoor (1997). JABIR IBN HAIYAN (Geber) Archived 2008-06-30 at the Wayback Machine.. University of Indonesia.
  19. ↑ Paul Vallely. How Islamic inventors changed the world Archived 2013-05-16 at the Wayback Machine., The Independent
  20. ↑ All Nobel Laureates in Chemistry, Nobel Prize
  21. ↑ Franz Rosenthal (1950). "Al-Asturlabi and as-Samaw'al on Scientific Progress", Osiris 9, p. 555–564 [559].
  22. 1 2 3 Akbar S. Ahmed (1984). "Al-Beruni: The First Anthropologist", RAIN 60, p. 9-10.
  23. ↑ Zafarul-Islam Khan, At The Threshold Of A New Millennium – II, The Milli Gazette.
  24. ↑ Akbar Ahmed (2002). "Ibn Khaldun’s Understanding of Civilizations and the Dilemmas of Islam and the West Today", Middle East Journal 56 (1), p. 25.
  25. 1 2 3 H. Mowlana (2001). "Information in the Arab World", Cooperation South Journal 1.
  26. ↑ Mohamad Abdalla (Summer 2007). "Ibn Khaldun on the Fate of Islamic Science after the 11th Century", Islam & Science 5 (1), p. 61-70.
  27. ↑ Salahuddin Ahmed (1999). A Dictionary of Muslim Names. C. Hurst & Co. Publishers. ISBN 1-85065-356-9.
  28. 1 2 Dr. S. W. Akhtar (1997). "The Islamic Concept of Knowledge", Al-Tawhid: A Quarterly Journal of Islamic Thought & Culture 12 (3).
  29. ↑ I. M. Oweiss (1988), "Ibn Khaldun, the Father of Economics", Arab Civilization: Challenges and Responses, New York University Press, ISBN 0-88706-698-4.
  30. ↑ Jean David C. Boulakia (1971), "Ibn Khaldun: A Fourteenth-Century Economist", The Journal of Political Economy 79 (5): 1105-1118.
  31. ↑ Mahbub ul Haq (1995), Reflections on Human Development, Oxford University Press, ISBN 0-19-510193-6.
  32. ↑ Amartya Sen (2000), "A Decade of Human Development", Journal of Human Development 1 (1): 17-23.
  33. ↑ [http://www.britannica.com/eb/article-9051339 Mas'udi, al-." Encyclopædia Britannica, 2006.
  34. ↑ L. Gari (2002), "Arabic Treatises on Environmental Pollution up to the End of the Thirteenth Century", Environment and History 8 (4), pp. 475-488.
  35. ↑ Solomon Gandz (1936), "The sources of al-Khwarizmi's algebra", Osiris I, p. 263–277."
  36. ↑ Serish Nanisetti, Father of algorithms and algebra, The Hindu, June 23, 2006.
  37. ↑ O'Connor, John J.; Robertson, Edmund F., "Abu'l Hasan ibn Ali al Qalasadi", MacTutor History of Mathematics archive, University of St Andrews .
  38. ↑ Dr. Mahmoud Al Deek. "Ibn Al-Haitham: Master of Optics, Mathematics, Physics and Medicine", Al Shindagah, November–December 2004.
  39. ↑ Rüdiger Thiele (2005). "In Memoriam: Matthias Schramm", Arabic Sciences and Philosophy 15, p. 329–331. Cambridge University Press.
  40. ↑ Al-Khalili, Jim (2009-01-04). "BBC News". BBC News. Retrieved 2014-04-11.
  41. ↑ Mariam Rozhanskaya and I. S. Levinova (1996), "Statics", in Roshdi Rashed, ed., Encyclopedia of the History of Arabic Science, Vol. 2, p. 614-642 [642], Routledge, London and New York.
  42. ↑ Peter Bond, Obituary: Lt-Gen Kerim Kerimov Archived 2009-04-13 at the Wayback Machine., The Independent, 7 April 2003.
  43. ↑ Betty Blair (1995), "Behind Soviet Aeronauts", Azerbaijan International 3 (3).
  44. ↑ Farouk El-Baz: With Apollo to the Moon Archived 2008-02-21 at the Wayback Machine., IslamOnline interview
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