MtDNA haplogroups in populations of South Asia
Listed here are notable groups and populations from South Asia by human mitochondrial DNA haplogroups based on relevant studies. The samples are taken from individuals identified with linguistic designations (IE=Indo-European, Dr=Dravidian, AA=Austro-Asiatic and ST=Sino-Tibetan), the third column gives the sample size studied, and the other columns give the percentage of the particular haplogroup. The two most widespread MtDNA haplogroups in South Asia are Haplogroup M (of South Asian origin) and Haplogroup U (West Eurasian).[1]
Note: The converted frequencies from some old studies conducted in the first decade of the 21st century may lead to unsubstantial frequencies below.
| Population | Sample Size | Language | HVS-I haplotype diversity | A | L1–L3 | M | M2 | M3 | M5 | MΔ9bp | U | H, V, T, J, N, X, K, W | B, F, D, G | R | Reference |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Bengali in Bangladesh | 86 | IE | 1.2 | 67.4 | 12.8 | 5.8 | 3.5 | 9.3 | Rishishwar2017[2] | ||||||
| Chenchu (South Indian tribal) | 96 | Dr | 0.87 | 0 | 97 | 18 | 1 | 19 | 3 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 | Kivisild2003[3] | |
| Gujarati Indian in Houston, Texas | 106 | IE | 2.8 | 38.7 | 15.1 | 13.2 | 30.2 | Rishishwar2017[2] | |||||||
| Gujaratis and Konkanastha Br. | 111 | IE | 0.99 | 0 | 48 | 5 | 6 | 0 | 0 | 23 | 10 | 5 | 11 | Kivisild2003[3] | |
| Indian Telugu in the UK | 103 | Dr | 59.2 | 13.6 | 14.6 | 12.6 | Rishishwar2017[2] | ||||||||
| Kerala/Karnataka | 99 | Dr | 0.96 | 0 | 64 | 15 | 6 | 15 | 0 | 21 | 0 | 9 | Kivisild2003[3] | ||
| Koyas | 81 | Dr | 0.94 | 0 | 69 | 19 | 6 | 0 | 21 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 31 | Kivisild2003[3] | |
| Lambadis | 86 | IE | 0.99 | 0 | 64 | 10 | 5 | 10 | 0 | 12 | 8 | 0 | 13 | Kivisild2003[3] | |
| Lobanas (Punjab) | 62 | IE | 0.98 | 0 | 55 | 5 | 5 | 8 | 0 | 5 | 8 | 0 | 18 | Kivisild2003[3] | |
| Punjabi in Lahore, Pakistan | 96 | IE | 57.3 | 11.5 | 14.6 | 5.2 | 11.5 | Rishishwar2017[2] | |||||||
| Punjabis | 112 | IE | 0.99 | 0 | 41 | 1 | 4 | 1 | 0 | 20 | 19 | 5 | 10 | Kivisild2003[3] | |
| Sri Lanka | 132 | Dr, IE | 0.99 | 0 | 58 | 7 | 5 | 2 | 0 | 18 | 8 | 2 | 14 | Kivisild2003[3] | |
| Sri Lankan Tamil in the UK | 103 | Dr | 1.0 | 48.5 | 13.6 | 15.5 | 21.4 | Rishishwar2017[2] | |||||||
| Tamil Nadu tribal | 49 | Dr | 0.96 | 0 | 71 | 2 | 24 | 0 | 0 | 16 | 0 | 0 | 12 | Kivisild2003[3] | |
| Telugu, lower | 70 | Dr | 0.99 | 0 | 71 | 10 | 1 | 4 | 0 | 7 | 1 | 0 | 21 | Kivisild2003[3] | |
| Telugu, middle | 114 | Dr | 0.99 | 0 | 64 | 6 | 4 | 4 | 0 | 10 | 5 | 0 | 21 | Kivisild2003[3] | |
| Telugu, upper | 59 | Dr | 0.99 | 0 | 61 | 5 | 19 | 0 | 0 | 19 | 3 | 0 | 15 | Kivisild2003[3] | |
| Uttar Pradesh | 139 | IE | 0.99 | 0 | 57 | 3 | 10 | 0 | 0 | 17 | 6 | 1 | 14 | Kivisild2003[3] | |
| Western Bengal tribal | 34 | IE | 0.99 | 0 | 65 | 6 | 9 | 0 | 0 | 21 | 0 | 0 | 15 | Kivisild2003[3] | |
| Western Bengalis | 106 | IE | 0.97 | 0 | 72 | 4 | 7 | 6 | 0 | 10 | 6 | 0 | 11 | Kivisild2003[3] |
U* = other derivatives of haplogroup U; R* = derivatives of haplogroup R that do not belong to HV, TJ, U, B, and F.
References
- ↑ Mukhtar Ahmed (29 May 2014). Ancient Pakistan - An Archaeological History: Volume I: The Stone Age. Amazon. pp. 245–. ISBN 978-1-4954-9047-7.
- 1 2 3 4 5 Rishishwar, Lavanya; Jordan, I. King (2017). "Implications of human evolution and admixture for mitochondrial replacement therapy". BMC Genomics. 18 (1). doi:10.1186/s12864-017-3539-3. ISSN 1471-2164.
- 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 Kivisild, T; Rootsi, S; Metspalu, M; Mastana, S; Kaldma, K; Parik, J; Metspalu, E; Adojaan, M; et al. (2003). "The Genetic Heritage of the Earliest Settlers Persists Both in Indian Tribal and Caste Populations". AJHG. 72 (2): 313–32. doi:10.1086/346068. PMC 379225. PMID 12536373.