Mount Matavanu

Matavanu
Matavanu
	Matavanu erupting, 1906
Highest point
Elevation	575 m (1,886 ft) [1]
Coordinates	13°32′S 172°24′W / 13.533°S 172.400°WCoordinates: 13°32′S 172°24′W / 13.533°S 172.400°W
Geography
	Matavanu Location in Samoa
Location	Savai'i Island in Samoa
Geology
Last eruption	1905 - 1911

Mt Matavanu is an active volcano on the island of Savai'i in Samoa.

The most recent eruptions from Matavanu occurred between 1905 and 1911^[2] with lava flows on its northern side flowing towards the island's coastline and into the sea in the district of Gaga'emauga.

The eruptions began 4 August 1905 and stopped in November 1911.^[3] The lava flowed over 40 square miles (100 km²) of countryside to the lagoon and reef, destroying villages in its path between Samalae'ulu to the east and Saleaula to the west. The depth of the lava flow in some parts was 400 feet.

Due to the destruction of their homes by the seaside, some of the villages relocated further inland by the main island road.

The lava fields can still be seen today, especially in Saleaula as well as the village of Mauga where the houses or fale are situated around a small volcanic crater.^[4]

There are church ruins as well a 'Virgin's Grave', the burial place of a girl where the molten lava flowed around rather than over it.^[5]

Other volcanoes on Savai'i include Mata o le Afi and Mauga Afi.

The island of Savai'i is an active shield volcano. Its highest peak is Mt Silisili.

Mythology

In Samoan mythology the god of earthquakes is Mafui'e. Another mythical figure Ti'iti'i tricked the earthquake god so that Samoans could have fire to cook their food.

Topographical map of the Savai'i - published 1910, shewing the lava fields since 1905
Savai'i (left island) with lava fields visible (top left) in Gaga'emauga district. (NASA photo, 2008).
Matavanu lava flowing into the ocean along the coast and sending plumes of smoke skywards, 1905
Eruption, 1905
A church damaged by lava, 1905
Lava fields on Savai'i, 2009

References

↑ "Mt Matavanu, Samoa". Peakbagger.com. Retrieved 2014-04-28.
↑ "Samoa - Savai'i". Oceandots.com. 2002-06-16. Archived from the original on December 23, 2010. Retrieved 2011-11-02.CS1 maint: Unfit url (link)
↑ "Savai'i". Global Volcanism Program. Smithsonian Institution. Retrieved 2014-12-31.
↑ "Samoa Tourism Authority : Map". Samoa.travel. 2000-10-30. Retrieved 2011-11-02.
↑ "Lava Field". Lonely Planet. Retrieved 2014-04-12.

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[peakbagger-1] "Mt Matavanu, Samoa". Peakbagger.com. Retrieved 2014-04-28.

[2] "Samoa - Savai'i". Oceandots.com. 2002-06-16. Archived from the original on December 23, 2010. Retrieved 2011-11-02.CS1 maint: Unfit url (link)

[gvp-3] "Savai'i". Global Volcanism Program. Smithsonian Institution. Retrieved 2014-12-31.

[4] "Samoa Tourism Authority : Map". Samoa.travel. 2000-10-30. Retrieved 2011-11-02.

[5] "Lava Field". Lonely Planet. Retrieved 2014-04-12.