Moon (film)

Moon
Theatrical release poster
Directed by Duncan Jones
Produced by
Screenplay by Nathan Parker
Story by Duncan Jones
Starring
Music by Clint Mansell
Cinematography Gary Shaw
Edited by Nicolas Gaster
Production
company
Distributed by Sony Pictures Classics
Release date
  • 23 January 2009 (2009-01-23) (Sundance)
  • 12 June 2009 (2009-06-12) (United States)
  • 17 July 2009 (2009-07-17) (United Kingdom)
Running time
 97 minutes[1]
Country United Kingdom
Language English
Budget $5 million[2]
Box office $9.8 million[3]

Moon is a 2009 science fiction film directed by Duncan Jones and written by Nathan Parker from a story by Jones. The film follows Sam Bell (Sam Rockwell), a man who experiences a personal crisis as he nears the end of a three-year solitary stint mining helium-3 on the far side of the Moon. It was the feature debut of director Duncan Jones. Kevin Spacey voices Sam's robot companion, GERTY. Moon premiered at the 2009 Sundance Film Festival and was released in selected cinemas in New York and Los Angeles on 12 June 2009. The release was expanded to additional theatres in the United States on 10 July and to the United Kingdom on 17 July.

Moon was modestly budgeted and grossed just under $10 million worldwide[3] but was well received by critics. Rockwell's performance found praise as did the film's scientific realism and plausibility. It won numerous film critic and film festival awards and was nominated for the BAFTA Award for Best British Film.

Plot

In the near future,[4] Lunar Industries has made a fortune after an oil crisis by building Sarang Station, an automated lunar facility to mine the alternative fuel helium-3 from lunar soil, rich in the material. The facility is fully automated, requiring only a single human to maintain operations, oversee the harvesters, and launch canisters bound for Earth containing the extracted helium-3. Sam Bell nears the end of his three-year work contract at Sarang Station. Chronic communication problems have disabled his live feed from Earth and limit him to occasional recorded messages from his wife Tess, who was pregnant with their daughter Eve when he left. His only companion is an artificial intelligence named GERTY, who assists with the base's automation and provides comfort for him.

Two weeks before his return to Earth, Sam suffers from hallucinations of a teenage girl. One such image distracts him while out recovering a helium-3 canister from a harvester, causing him to crash his lunar rover into the harvester. Rapidly losing cabin air from the crash, Sam falls unconscious.

Sam awakes in the base infirmary with no memory of the accident. He overhears GERTY having what appears to be a live chat with Lunar Industries management. Lunar Industries then orders Sam to remain on base and informs him that a rescue team will arrive to repair the harvester. Suspicious, Sam manufactures a fake problem to persuade GERTY to let him outside. He travels to the crashed rover, where he finds his unconscious doppelgänger. He brings the double back to the base and tends to his injuries. The two Sams start to wonder if one is a clone of the other. After a heated argument and physical altercation, they coerce GERTY into revealing that they are both clones of the original Sam Bell. GERTY activated the newest clone after the rover crash, and convinced him that he was at the beginning of his three-year contract.

The two Sams search the facility, discovering a secret vault containing hundreds of hibernating clones. They determine that Lunar Industries is unethically using clones of the original Sam Bell to avoid the cost of new astronauts. The older Sam clone drives past the interference radius in a second rover and tries to call Tess on Earth. He instead makes contact with Eve, now 15 years old, who says Tess died "some years ago." He hangs up when Eve tells her father (offscreen, identified as "Original Sam" in closed captioning) that someone is calling regarding Tess.

The two Sams realize that the incoming rescue team will kill them both if they are found together. The newer Sam convinces GERTY to wake another clone, planning to leave the awakened clone in the crashed rover and send the older Sam to Earth in one of the helium-3 transports. But the older Sam, having learned that the clones are designed to "break down" at the end of the 3-year contract, knows that he will not live much longer. With his health declining, the older Sam suggests that he be placed back into the crashed rover to die so Lunar Industries will not suspect anything, while the younger Sam escapes instead.

Following GERTY's advice, the younger Sam reboots GERTY to wipe its records of the events. Before leaving, the younger clone reprograms a harvester to crash and wreck a jamming antenna, thereby enabling live communications with Earth. The older Sam, back in the crippled rover, remains conscious long enough to watch the launch of the transport carrying the younger Sam to Earth. The rescue team is successfully fooled after finding both a newly awakened clone in the medical bay and the corpse of the older Sam inside the crashed rover.

The helium transport arrives at Earth, and over the film's credits, news reports describe how Sam's testimony on Lunar Industries' activities has stirred up an enormous controversy, and the company's unethical practices have plummeted the company's stock.

Cast

Production

This is the first feature film directed by commercial director Duncan Jones, who co-wrote the script with Nathan Parker.[5] The film was specifically written as a vehicle for actor Sam Rockwell.[6] Rockwell almost turned the film down and Paddy Considine was an alternate choice.[7] The film pays homage to the films of Jones' youth, such as Silent Running, Alien, and Outland.[8]

Jones described his interest in the lunar setting:

[We] wanted to create something which felt comfortable within that canon of those science fiction films from the sort of late seventies to early eighties.[9] for me, the Moon has this weird mythic nature to it.... There is still a mystery to it. As a location, it bridges the gap between science fiction and science fact. We (humankind) have been there. It is something so close and so plausible and yet at the same time, we really don't know that much about it.

The director described the lack of romance in the Moon as a location, citing images from the Japanese lunar orbiter SELENE: "It's the desolation and emptiness of it...it looks like some strange ball of clay in blackness.... Look at photos and you'll think that they're monochrome. In fact, they're not. There simply are no primary colours." Jones made reference to the photography book Full Moon by Michael Light in designing the look of the film.[10]

Moon's budget was $5 million.[2] The director took steps to minimise production costs, such as keeping the cast small and filming in a studio.[9] Moon was produced at Shepperton Studios, in London,[5] where it was filmed in 33 days.[9][11] Jones preferred using models to digital animation.[8] Jones worked with Bill Pearson, the supervising model maker on Alien, to help design the lunar rovers and helium-3 harvesters in the film.[12] The Moon base was created as a full 360-degree set, measuring 85–90 feet (26–27 m) long and approximately 70 feet (21 m) wide. The film's robot, GERTY, was designed to be bound to an overhead rail within the mining base since its mechanical tether was critical to the story's plot.[9] The visual effects were provided by Cinesite, which has sought cut-price deals with independent films.[13] Since Jones had an effects background with TV advertisements, he drew on his experience to create special effects within a small budget.[9]

Release

Sam Rockwell and Duncan Jones at the 2009 Tribeca Film Festival screening

International sales for Moon are handled by the Independent sales company.[14] Sony Pictures Worldwide Acquisitions Group acquired distribution rights to the film for English-speaking territories.[5] Sony Pictures Worldwide Acquisitions Group was considering making Moon a direct-to-DVD release; however, after Moon premiered at the 2009 Sundance Film Festival in January 2009, Sony Pictures Classics decided to handle this film's theatrical release for Sony Pictures Worldwide Acquisitions Group.[15]

Sony Pictures Classics distributed the film in the United States in cinemas,[16] beginning with screenings in selected cinemas in New York and Los Angeles on 12 June.[17] The film's British premiere was held on 20 June 2009 at the Cameo Cinema in Edinburgh as part of the 63rd Edinburgh International Film Festival. Jones was present at the screening along with other key crew members. The full UK release was on 17 July.[18] The Australian release was on 8 October.[19]

Box office

Moon grossed £700,394 from its domestic release,[20] $3,370,366 from its North American release and $9,760,104 worldwide[3] making the film a modest financial success.

Critical reception

Moon was generally well received by critics. Film review aggregator Rotten Tomatoes reports that 89% of critics gave the film a positive review based on 190 reviews, with an average score of 7.5/10. The site's consensus states: "Boosted by Sam Rockwell's intense performance, Moon is a compelling work of science-fiction, and a promising debut from director Duncan Jones."[21] On Metacritic, which assigns a rating out of 100 based on reviews from critics, the film has a score of 67 based on 29 reviews, considered to be "generally favorable reviews".[22] Damon Wise of The Times praised Jones' "thoughtful" direction and Rockwell's "poignant" performance. Wise wrote of the film's approach to the science fiction genre: "Though it uses impressive sci-fi trappings to tell its story—the fabulous models and moonscapes are recognisably retro yet surprisingly real—this is a film about what it means, and takes, to be human."[23]

Duane Byrge of The Hollywood Reporter applauded screenwriter Nathan Parker's "sharp [and] individualistic" dialogue and the way in which Parker combined science fiction and Big Brother themes. Byrge also believed that cinematographer Gary Shaw's work and composer Clint Mansell's music intensified the drama. Byrge wrote: "Nonetheless, 'Moon' is darkened by its own excellencies: The white, claustrophobic look is apt and moody, but a lack of physical action enervates the story thrust." The critic felt mixed about the star's performance, describing him as "adept at limning his character's dissolution" but finding that he did not have "the audacious, dominant edge" for the major confrontation at the end of the film.[24]

Empire magazine praised Rockwell's performance, including it in '10 Egregious Oscar Snubs—The worthy contenders that the Academy overlooked' feature and referred to his performance as "one ... of the best performances of the year".[25]

Roger Ebert gave the film 3½ stars out of 4, saying:

Moon is a superior example of that threatened genre, hard science-fiction, which is often about the interface between humans and alien intelligence of one kind of or other, including digital. John W. Campbell Jr., the godfather of this genre, would have approved. The movie is really all about ideas. It only seems to be about emotions. How real are our emotions, anyway? How real are we? Someday I will die. This laptop I'm using is patient and can wait.[26]

Moon also received positive reviews at the Sundance Film Festival.[27]

Reception from the scientific community

Moon was screened as part of a lecture series at NASA's Space Center Houston, at the request of a professor there. “He'd been reading online that we'd done this film about helium-3 mining and that's something that people at NASA are working on”, says Jones. “We did a Q&A afterward. They asked me why the base looked so sturdy, like a bunker, and not like the kind of stuff they are designing that they are going to transport with them. I said 'Well, in the future I assume you won't want to continue carrying everything with you, you'll want to use the resources on the moon to build things' and a woman in the audience raised her hand and said, 'I'm actually working on something called mooncrete, which is concrete that mixes lunar regolith and ice water from the moon's polar caps.'"[28]

Accolades

Awards
Award Date of ceremony Category Recipients Result
Austin Film Critics Association Awards 15 December 2009 Austin Film Critics Award for Best Film Moon Nominated
BAFTA Awards[29] 21 February 2010 BAFTA Award for Outstanding Debut by a British Writer, Director or Producer Duncan Jones Won
BAFTA Award for Outstanding British Film Stuart Fenegan, Trudie Styler, Duncan Jones, Nathan Parker Nominated
British Independent Film Awards[30] 6 December 2009 BIFA Award for Best British Independent Film Moon Won
Douglas Hickox Award Duncan Jones Won
BIFA Award for Best Director Nominated
BIFA Award for Best Performance by an Actor in a British Independent Film Sam Rockwell Nominated
BIFA Award for Best Screenplay Nathan Parker Nominated
BIFA Award for Best Technical Achievement Clint Mansell Nominated
Tony Noble Nominated
Chicago Film Critics Association[31] 21 December 2009 Most Promising Filmmaker Duncan Jones Nominated
Edinburgh International Film Festival[32] 28 June 2009 Best New British Feature Moon Won
Empire Awards[33] 28 March 2010 Empire Award for Best Sci-Fi/Fantasy Nominated
Espoo Ciné International Film Festival[34] 29 August 2010 Grand Prize of European Fantasy Film in Gold Duncan Jones, Stuart Fenegan Won
Evening Standard British Film Awards[35] 8 February 2010 Evening Standard British Film Award for Most Promising Newcomer Duncan Jones Nominated
Evening Standard British Film Award for Best Technical Achievement Tony Noble Nominated
Fantastic'Arts[36] 31 January 2010 Jury Prize Duncan Jones Won
Special Prize Won
Gaudí Awards[37] 1 February 2010 Gaudí Award for Best European Film Nominated
Hugo Awards[38] 5 September 2010 Hugo Award for Best Dramatic Presentation - Long Form Nathan Parker, Duncan Jones Won
Irish Film & Television Awards[39] 20 February 2010 IFTA Award for Best International Actor Sam Rockwell Nominated
London Film Critics' Circle Awards[40][41] 18 February 2010 ALFS Award for British Director of the Year Duncan Jones Won
ALFS Award for British Director of the Year Nominated
ALFS Award for British Film of the Year Moon Nominated
National Board of Review of Motion Pictures[42] 12 January 2010 NBR Award for Best Directorial Debut Duncan Jones Won
NBR Award - Top Independent Films Moon Won
Phoenix Film Critics Society Awards[43] 22 December 2009 Overlooked Film of the Year Won
Saturn Awards[44] 24 June 2010 Saturn Award for Best Actor Sam Rockwell Nominated
Saturn Award for Best Science Fiction Film Moon Nominated
Seattle International Film Festival[45] 14 June 2009 Golden Space Needle Award for Best Actor Sam Rockwell Won
Sitges Film Festival[46] 11 October 2009 Best Actor Won
Best Film Moon Won
Best Production Design Tony Noble Won
Best Screenplay Nathan Parker Won
Writers' Guild of Great Britain[47] 22 November 2010 Writers' Guild of Great Britain Award for Best First Feature-Length Film Screenplay Duncan Jones, Nathan Parker Won

Sequels

Jones made a follow-up film, titled Mute, which served as a spiritual successor to Moon. "Sam has agreed to do a little cameo in the next film", said Jones, who ultimately hopes to complete a trilogy of films set in the same fictional universe. It was released on February 23, 2018, as a Netflix exclusive. In the film, on a TV broadcast of a court trial, Sam Bell and several of his clones are all seen in the courtroom, identifying themselves in an "I'm Spartacus" allusion.[28][48]

References

  1. ↑ http://www.bbfc.co.uk/releases/moon-2009
  2. 1 2 Spelling, Ian. "How David Bowie's son wound up making an indie movie about the Moon". SCI FI Wire. Retrieved 11 January 2016.
  3. 1 2 3 "Moon (2009)". Box Office Mojo. Retrieved 4 July 2010.
  4. ↑ A computer screen shows a date of 2035 in one scene towards the end.
  5. 1 2 3 Siegel, Tatiana (5 May 2008). "Sony lands 'Moon' rights". Variety. Retrieved 27 December 2008.
  6. ↑ Dawtrey, Adam (14 January 2009). "U.K. co-productions storm Sundance". Variety. Retrieved 15 January 2009.
  7. ↑ Jones, Duncan (20 December 2012). "Duncan Jones on Moon". Twitter. Retrieved 4 November 2017.
  8. 1 2 "News Etc". Empire. February 2009. pp. 20–21.
  9. 1 2 3 4 5 Douglas, Edward (23 January 2009). "Sundance EXL: Duncan Jones & Sam Rockwell on Moon". ComingSoon. Retrieved 24 February 2009.
  10. ↑ Macnab, Geoffrey (23 October 2008). "Moon rising: Two new lunar movies are taking viewers back into orbit". The Independent. London. Retrieved 27 December 2008.
  11. ↑ Scott, A. O. Movie Review: Moon, New York Times, 12 June 2009. Retrieved 12 August 2010.
  12. ↑ Marshall, Greg (16 January 2009). "Sundance goes sci-fi with 'Moon'". Park Record.
  13. ↑ Dawtrey, Adam (7 November 2008). "London's CG houses share digital wealth". Variety. Retrieved 24 July 2018.
  14. ↑ Dawtrey, Adam (11 March 2008). "Independent flies to 'Moon'". Variety. Retrieved 27 December 2008.
  15. ↑ Goldstein, Gregg (23 January 2009). "10 Days of Sundance: Moon waxes Theatrical With Sony". MCN Blogs. Archived from the original on 16 October 2009. Retrieved 4 May 2010.
  16. ↑ Swart, Sharon (23 January 2009). "Sony Classics nabs 'Moon'". Variety. Retrieved 24 January 2009.
  17. ↑ "MOON: A Film by Duncan Jones". Sony Pictures Classics. Retrieved 11 June 2009.
  18. ↑ Clarke, Cath (29 May 2009). "First sight: Duncan Jones". The Guardian. London. Retrieved 11 June 2009.
  19. ↑ Stratton, David. "At the Movies: Moon". ABC. Retrieved 5 November 2009.
  20. ↑ "AlloCine - Select your country". www.screenrush.co.uk.
  21. ↑ "Moon (2009)". Rotten Tomatoes. Fandango Media. Retrieved June 21, 2018.
  22. ↑ "Moon". Metacritic. CBS Interactive. Retrieved 11 March 2013.
  23. ↑ Wise, Damon (24 January 2009). "Poignant tale of starman waiting in the sky". The Times. London. Retrieved 24 February 2009.
  24. ↑ Byrge, Duane (26 January 2009). ""Moon" a well-assembled sci-fi thriller". The Hollywood Reporter. Archived from the original on 16 June 2013. Retrieved 11 June 2009.
  25. ↑ White, James. "10 Egregious Oscar Snubs". Empire. Retrieved 6 April 2010.
  26. ↑ Ebert, Roger (17 June 2009). "Moon". Chicago Sun-Times. Retrieved 26 June 2009.
  27. ↑ Flynn, Gaynor (24 January 2009). "Brits in the thick of it at Sundance". The Independent. London. Retrieved 24 February 2009.
  28. 1 2 McCarthy, Erin (30 September 2009). "Questions for Duncan Jones". Popular Mechanics. Retrieved 30 September 2009.
  29. ↑ "Film Awards Winners in 2010". British Academy of Film and Television Arts. 21 February 2010. Retrieved 6 November 2013.
  30. ↑ "Nominations 2009 : BIFA". The Moët British Independent Film Awards. Retrieved 6 November 2013.
  31. ↑ "2009 Chicago Film Critics Awards". Chicago Film Critics Association. Retrieved 6 November 2013.
  32. ↑ Child, Ben (29 June 2009). "Moon shines as best British film at Edinburgh". theguardian.com. Guardian Media Group. Retrieved 6 November 2013.
  33. ↑ Reynolds, Simon (25 February 2010). "In Full: Empire Awards 2010 nominees". Digital Spy. Retrieved 6 November 2013.
  34. ↑ "Index". Espoo Ciné International Film Festival. Retrieved 6 November 2013.
  35. ↑ "Bond Girl Eva Green to present top Evening Standard movie award". London Evening Standard. 5 February 2010. Retrieved 6 November 2013.
  36. ↑ "Gerardmer Fantasy Film Festival 2010". Le public système cinéma. Archived from the original on 7 November 2013. Retrieved 7 November 2013.
  37. ↑ "Nominated - II Gaudí Awards". Gaudí Awards. Retrieved 6 November 2013.
  38. ↑ Wallace, Lewis (5 September 2010). "Moon Lands Hugo Award for Best Sci-Fi Movie". Wired. Condé Nast Publishing. Retrieved 7 November 2013.
  39. ↑ "Sam Rockwell | Spirit Awards 2014". Independent Spirit Awards. Retrieved 7 November 2013.
  40. ↑ Nemiroff, Perri (21 December 2009). "The London Film Critics' Circle Awards Quentin Tarantino Their Top Honor". Cinema Blend. Retrieved 7 November 2013.
  41. ↑ "Colin Firth named best British actor by 30th annual London Film Critics' Circle Awards". 19 February 2010. Retrieved 7 November 2013.
  42. ↑ Karger, Dave (3 December 2009). "'Up in the Air' wins National Board of Review". Entertainment Weekly. Time Warner. Retrieved 7 November 2013.
  43. ↑ "Phoenix Film Society Names "Inglourious Basterds" Top Film of 2009". Phoenix Film Critics Society. Archived from the original on 24 August 2011. Retrieved 7 November 2013.
  44. ↑ Pacheco, Jared (20 February 2010). "Nominees for 36th annual Saturn Awards! Moon, Zombieland & More!". Arrow in the Head. JoBlo.com. Retrieved 7 November 2013.
  45. ↑ Knegt, Peter (15 June 2009). "25 Days Later, "Dynamite" and "Cove" Tops With Seattle Audiences". IndieWire. Snagfilms. Retrieved 7 November 2013.
  46. ↑ "Sitges Film Festival". Sitges Film Festival. 11 October 2009. Retrieved 7 November 2013.
  47. ↑ "Writers' Guild Award winners". Writers' Guild of Great Britain. Archived from the original on 4 May 2014. Retrieved 7 November 2013.
  48. ↑ "Sam Rockwell Will Have A Cameo In Moon's Quasi-Sequel". SFX. 11 December 2009. Retrieved 28 January 2010.
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