The GTOs

The GTOs
The GTOs in 1969. Left to right: Miss Christine, Miss Cynderella, Miss Sandra, Miss Mercy, and Miss Pamela.
Background information
Origin	Los Angeles, California, United States
Genres	Experimental rock, psychedelic rock, comedy rock
Years active	1968–1970 (one off reunion: 1974)
Labels	Straight Reprise
Associated acts	Frank Zappa

The GTOs (Girls Together Outrageously) were an all-girl group from the Los Angeles area, specifically the Sunset Strip scene. Only active for two and a half years (1968-1970) with a single reunion in 1974,^[1] their only album, Permanent Damage, produced by Frank Zappa, was released in 1969.

Personnel

• Miss Pamela, born Pamela Ann Miller (later Pamela Des Barres) on September 9, 1948 in Reseda, California is the most commercially successful of the GTOs.

• Miss Mercy, a.k.a. Mercy Fontenot, was born Judith Edra Peters in Burbank, California. After the breakup of the GTOs in 1971, Fontenot married the guitarist Shuggie Otis. They divorced, and their son Lucky Otis (also a musician) was raised by his grandparents, the R&B musician Johnny Otis and his wife Phyllis.

• Miss Cynderella (also spelled Miss Cinderella) was born Cynthia Sue Wells (later Cynthia Cale-Binion) on January 26, 1952 in Los Angeles, California. Wells married John Cale of The Velvet Underground in 1971, but the marriage was rocky, and they divorced in 1975. Cale's song "Guts" opens with the line, "The bugger in the short sleeves fucked my wife" (referring to Kevin Ayers' sleeping with Cindy in 1974).^[2]

• Miss Christine, born Christine Ann Frka on November 27, 1949 in San Pedro, California, and like Miss Pamela also babysat Moon Unit Zappa, Frank Zappa's first daughter. She is shown on the front cover of Frank Zappa's 1969 album Hot Rats emerging from an empty swimming pool on Errol Flynn's former estate in the Hollywood Hills. She dated rock musician Alice Cooper (she is credited with creating his stage persona).^[3] Frka also dated Todd Rundgren and Chris Hillman; the latter relationship inspired the Flying Burrito Brothers song “Christine’s Tune (Devil in Disguise)” (“She’s a devil in disguise, you can see it in her eyes.”) Frka died on November 5, 1972, of a heroin overdose in a house in Cohasset, Massachusetts, which at the time was being rented by Jonathan Richman and The Modern Lovers.^[4] She overdosed shortly before her 23rd birthday after spending nearly a full year in a body cast to correct a crooked spine.

• Miss Lucy was born Luz Selenia Offerrall^[5] in Puerto Rico. After moving to Los Angeles, she met two of her future bandmates, Miss Pamela Des Barres and Miss Sparky, at the house of a mutual friend (Vito Pauleukas). Miss Lucy was not an original member of The GTOs; she joined the group after the recording of Permanent Damage. She later left the group, claiming they were becoming too commercial. She was married to the late Gordon McLaren (bassist for a New York City band called The Groupies) from 1975 to 1981. As an actress, Miss Lucy appeared in 200 Motels (1971), Video from Hell (1985) and Uncle Meat (1987). She died in 1991 of complications from AIDS.

• Miss Sandra was born Sandra Lynn Rowe (later Sandra Leano, Sandra Lynn Harris) on January 18, 1949 in San Pedro, Los Angeles. She was in the group only a short while before becoming pregnant by Cal Schenkel, Frank Zappa's official artist-in-residence. In publicity photos for the band, she is shown late in her pregnancy, with a big star painted on her belly. She moved back to San Pedro with her infant daughter named Raven, and after The GTOs broke up, she married Bradley Harris. They had three children together. Sandra died of cancer in Albion, California on April 23, 1991 at age 42.
• Miss Sparky was born Linda Sue Parker^[6] in 1948 and was renowned for driving a Hudson Hornet in the late 1960s on the Sunset Strip.^[7] She recorded a vocal track (credited under the pseudonym Sharkie Barke) on the song "Disco Boy" on Frank Zappa's album Zoot Allures (1976), and was once employed by the Walt Disney Corporation. As of 2016, various sources have confirmed she has been active on Facebook.

History

Pamela Miller and Linda Parker met around 1966 while attending Cleveland High School in Los Angeles. Christine Frka traveled to Los Angeles from San Pedro with Sandra Rowe, and both lived in the basement of Frank Zappa's Log Cabin at 2401 Laurel Canyon Boulevard in the Hollywood Hills^[8] in 1968. Christine was the live-in nanny for Zappa's eldest child Moon Unit before Pamela took over the position the following year. Judith Peters had emigrated from the Haight Ashbury to LA due to "boredom", alleging she "couldn't be a hippie forever." Cynthia Wells was brought into the group by Judith after the nucleus of the group had been formed. This accounts for Miss Cynderella's presence in some, but not all of the GTOs' publicity shots. Lucy Offerall also was not an original member, but joined after the recording of Permanent Damage.

The group initially called themselves “The Cherry Sisters” but soon changed to "The Laurel Canyon Ballet Company.” Frank Zappa later changed their name to The GTOs, which he described as "an acronym which, as Stanley Booth wrote, could mean Girls Together Outrageously, Orally, or anything else starting with O."^[9] On their album's inner sleeve, the acronym is also defined as "Girls Together Occasionally", "Girls Together Often" and "Girls Together Only".^[10][11] Miss Lucy stated in an interview that the latter name is what it stood for, though it is understood by most that the name on the album, Girls Together Outrageously, is the name of the group. The name has no relation to the Pontiac GTO, even though the vehicle was popular in the United States during the same period.

The members were connected by their association with Zappa, who encouraged their artistic endeavors despite their limited vocal skills. The group performed live “only 4 or 5 times”,^[7] although they created a strong impression at their December 1968 performance at the Shrine Auditorium opening for The Mothers of Invention, Alice Cooper and Wild Man Fischer. A mix of theatrics, singing, dancing, wild costumes, and unusual lyrical content were staples of their act. Their only album, Permanent Damage (Straight Records) was produced in 1969 by Zappa with the assistance of Lowell George and Russ Titelman (tracks 7 and 11). The latter track also features Titelman's brother-in-law, guitarist Ry Cooder, both of whom appear on Captain Beefheart's Safe as Milk album. Track 5 "The Captain's Fat Theresa Shoes" is a GTO comment on Beefheart's taste in footwear (his cousin Victor Hayden had introduced him to Pamela Des Barres). The songs are mixed with conversations among the members of the group, friends, and others, including Cynthia Plaster Caster and Rodney Bingenheimer. The album features songwriting contributions from Lowell George, Jeff Beck and Davy Jones. A young Rod Stewart is featured on track 14. Permanent Damage was re-issued on CD in 1989 by Enigma Retro.

Discography

Permanent Damage
Studio album by The GTOs
Released	1969
Recorded	1969
Genre	Experimental rock, spoken word
Length	31:39
Label	Straight Reprise
Producer	Frank Zappa, Russ Titelman, Lowell George

Professional ratings
Review scores
Source	Rating
Allmusic	[12]

References

External links

• The GTOs at AllMusic
• Pamela Des Barres.com
• hollywoodhangover.com
• Pamela Des Barres