Marshall, Alaska

Marshall
Masserculleq
City
Marshall
Location in Alaska
Coordinates: 61°52′41″N 162°5′5″W / 61.87806°N 162.08472°W / 61.87806; -162.08472Coordinates: 61°52′41″N 162°5′5″W / 61.87806°N 162.08472°W / 61.87806; -162.08472
Country United States
State Alaska
Census Area Kusilvak
Incorporated June 9, 1970[1]
Government
 • Mayor Joseph "JoJo" Fitka[2]
 • State senator Lyman Hoffman (D)
 • State rep. Zach Fansler (D)
Area[3]
 • Total 4.59 sq mi (11.88 km2)
 • Land 4.58 sq mi (11.87 km2)
 • Water 0.00 sq mi (0.01 km2)
Elevation 115 ft (35 m)
Population (2010)[4]
 • Total 414
 • Estimate (2016)[5] 445
 • Density 97.03/sq mi (37.47/km2)
Time zone UTC-9 (Alaska (AKST))
 • Summer (DST) UTC-8 (AKDT)
ZIP code 99585
Area code(s) 907
FIPS code 02-47000

Marshall (Masserculleq in Central Yup'ik) is a city in Kusilvak Census Area, Alaska, United States. At the 2010 census the population was 414, up from 349 in 2000.

Geography

Marshall is located at 61°52′41″N 162°05′05″W / 61.878073°N 162.084812°W / 61.878073; -162.084812.[6]

According to the United States Census Bureau, the city has a total area of 4.7 square miles (12 km2), all of it land.

Sand Hill Cranes, Marshall, AK

Demographics

Historical population
CensusPop.%±
1880102—
194091—
1950954.4%
196016674.7%
19701755.4%
198026249.7%
19902734.2%
200034927.8%
201041418.6%
Est. 2016445[5]7.5%
U.S. Decennial Census[7]

The predecessor village to Marshall first appeared on the 1880 U.S. Census as the Inuit village of "Ooglovia."[8] It was also known as Uglovaia.[9] It would not appear again on the census. Marshall first appeared on the 1940 U.S. Census as the unincorporated village of Fortuna Ledge.[10] In 1950, the name was changed to Marshall. It continued to return as Marshall in 1960 and 1970, but in the latter year incorporated as the city of Fortuna Ledge. It reported as Fortuna Ledge on the 1980 census, but the city reverted to the name of Marshall in 1984. It has continued to report as Marshall since the 1990 census.

As of the census[11] of 2000, there were 349 people, 91 households, and 73 families residing in the city. The population density was 73.9 people per square mile (28.5/km²). There were 104 housing units at an average density of 22.0 per square mile (8.5/km²). The racial makeup of the city was 2.01% White, 95.99% Alaska Native or Native American, and 2.01% from two or more races. 0.29% of the population were Hispanic or Latino of any race.

There were 91 households out of which 59.3% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 48.4% were married couples living together, 22.0% had a female householder with no husband present, and 18.7% were non-families. 15.4% of all households were made up of individuals and 1.1% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 3.84 and the average family size was 4.23.

In the city, the age distribution of the population shows 45.3% under the age of 18, 9.7% from 18 to 24, 23.5% from 25 to 44, 17.5% from 45 to 64, and 4.0% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 22 years. For every 100 females, there were 100.6 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 107.6 males.

The median income for a household in the city was $32,917, and the median income for a family was $37,750. Males had a median income of $25,469 versus $37,917 for females. The per capita income for the city was $9,597. About 20.8% of families and 28.6% of the population were below the poverty line, including 32.7% of those under age 18 and 20.0% of those age 65 or over.

History

Marshall's previous name, changed in 1984, from Fortuna Ledge,[12] was a mining village in the 1800s and early 1900s, with mining operations in Wilson Creek, just down river from the Ledge. With that, many Alaska Natives were moved from other villages, as far away as Unalakleet, Ohogamuit and Takchak. With that, there are two main Native groups, the Yupik descendants, hailing from both Takchak and Ohogamuit, and the Inupiaq descendants, hailing from Unalakleet. Along with those of Native descent, Marshall hosts a population of people of Russian descendant mixed with Inupiaqs and has become a Yup'ik/Inupiaq/Russian community. Marshall was reportedly named for Vice-President Thomas Riley Marshall, who served from 1913-1921.[10]

References

  1. ↑ "Directory of Borough and City Officials 1974". Alaska Local Government. Juneau: Alaska Department of Community and Regional Affairs. XIII (2): 34. January 1974.
  2. ↑ 2015 Alaska Municipal Officials Directory. Juneau: Alaska Municipal League. 2015. p. 100.
  3. ↑ "2016 U.S. Gazetteer Files". United States Census Bureau. Retrieved Jun 22, 2017.
  4. ↑ "Annual Estimates of the Population for Incorporated Places in Alaska". United States Census Bureau. 2008-07-10. Archived from the original on 2008-09-12. Retrieved 2008-07-14.
  5. 1 2 "Population and Housing Unit Estimates". Retrieved June 9, 2017.
  6. ↑ "US Gazetteer files: 2010, 2000, and 1990". United States Census Bureau. 2011-02-12. Retrieved 2011-04-23.
  7. ↑ "Census of Population and Housing". Census.gov. Archived from the original on May 12, 2015. Retrieved June 4, 2015.
  8. ↑ https://books.google.com/books?id=Rr9RAQAAMAAJ&pg=PA49&lpg=PA49&dq=%22Agaligamute%22&source=bl&ots=Tzy-F6Dup7&sig=B81GmrTlcKv3jtL_iWMYTwV3FSo&hl=en&sa=X&ved=0ahUKEwj69sDB-MLUAhXD2T4KHTt1Dc0Q6AEILjAD#v=onepage&q=Ooglovia&f=false
  9. ↑ http://www.explorenorth.com/alaska/history/marshall-history.html
  10. 1 2 https://books.google.com/books?id=Rr9RAQAAMAAJ&pg=PA49&lpg=PA49&dq=%22Agaligamute%22&source=bl&ots=Tzy-F6Dup7&sig=B81GmrTlcKv3jtL_iWMYTwV3FSo&hl=en&sa=X&ved=0ahUKEwj69sDB-MLUAhXD2T4KHTt1Dc0Q6AEILjAD#v=onepage&q=marshall&f=false
  11. ↑ "American FactFinder". United States Census Bureau. Archived from the original on 2013-09-11. Retrieved 2008-01-31.
  12. ↑ "Archived copy". Archived from the original on 2011-09-27. Retrieved 2011-05-26.
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