Mangifera

Mangifera
M. indica fruits
Scientific classification
Kingdom:Plantae
Clade:Angiosperms
Clade:Eudicots
Clade:Rosids
Order:Sapindales
Family:Anacardiaceae
Subfamily:Anacardioideae
Genus:Mangifera
L.
Synonyms[1][2]

Phanrangia poilanei Tardieu

Mangifera is a genus of flowering plants in the cashew family, Anacardiaceae. It contains approximately 69 species, with the best-known being the Common Mango (Mangifera indica). The center of diversity is in subtropical and tropical South Asia and Southeast Asia, while the highest number of species occur in India. They are generally canopy trees in lowland rainforests, reaching a height of 30–40 m (98–131 ft).[3]

Uses

Mangifera species are widely cultivated in Asia and elsewhere. More than 27 species in the genus bear edible, fleshy fruits, especially the Common Mango (M. indica). Others, such as M. foetida, yield astringent fruits that can be eaten pickled.[4]

Fossil record

The earliest fossil species thought to be related to Mangifera is Eomangiferophyllum damalgiriense from the upper Paleocene of northeastern India. Leaves have also been reported from the Paleocene of Japan and the Eocene of Germany. Leaf compressions with a close affinity to Mangifera have been collected from Oligocene or early Miocene sediments in northern Thailand.[5][6]

Mango wastes,such as the seed kernel and peel, have high functional and nutritional potential. Mango seed contains important bioactive compounds that have high antioxidant activity, lipids that have acceptable physical and chemical characteristics (free of trans fatty acids), and a high protein content.[7]. The mango peel contains considerable amounts of antioxidants and dietary fiber [8]

Species

Of these 10 are accepted species names.

Formerly placed here

  • Bouea oppositifolia (Roxb.) Meisn. (as M. oppositifolia Roxb.)
  • Elaeodendron glaucum (Rottb.) Pers. (as M. glauca Rottb.)
  • Irvingia gabonensis (Aubry-Lecomte ex O'Rorke) Baill. (as M. gabonensis Aubry-Lecomte ex O'Rorke)
  • Spondias pinnata (J.Koenig ex L.f.) Kurz (as M. pinnata J.Koenig ex L.f.)[67]

References

  1. ↑ "Genus: Mangifera L." Germplasm Resources Information Network. United States Department of Agriculture. 2009-11-23. Retrieved 2010-02-12.
  2. ↑ http://www.theplantlist.org/1.1/browse/A/Anacardiaceae/Phanrangia/
  3. ↑ Litz, Richard E.; Miguel A. Gómez-Lim (2005). "Mangifera indica Mango". In Richard E. Litz. Biotechnology of Fruit and Nut Crops. CABI. pp. 40–41. ISBN 978-0-85199-662-2.
  4. ↑ Litz, Richard E. (2009). The Mango: Botany, Production and Uses (2 ed.). CABI. pp. 5–8. ISBN 978-1-84593-489-7.
  5. ↑ http://www.amjbot.org/content/96/11/2048.full
  6. ↑ https://www.researchgate.net/profile/Rakesh_Mehrotra/publication/237346625_A_palaeogene_Mangifera_-_Like_leaf_fossil_from_India/links/0f317537eeacca0e68000000.pdf?inViewer=0&pdfJsDownload=0&origin=publication_detail
  7. ↑ Torres-León, Cristian; Rojas, Romeo; Serna, Liliana; Contreras, Juan; Aguilar, Cristobal (2016). "Mango seed: Functional and nutritional properties". Trends in Food Science & Technology. 55: 109–117. doi:10.1016/j.tifs.2016.06.009.
  8. ↑ Serna, Liliana; García-Gonzales, Estefanía; Torres-León, Cristian (2016). "Agro-industrial potential of the mango peel based on its nutritional and functional properties". Food Reviews International. 32: 364–376. doi:10.1080/87559129.2015.1094815.
  9. ↑ http://www.theplantlist.org/tpl1.1/record/kew-2364945
  10. ↑ http://www.theplantlist.org/tpl1.1/record/kew-2364961
  11. ↑ The Plant List M. altissima
  12. ↑ http://www.theplantlist.org/tpl1.1/record/kew-2364938
  13. ↑ The Plant List: M. andamanica
  14. ↑ http://www.theplantlist.org/tpl1.1/record/kew-2362905
  15. ↑ http://www.theplantlist.org/tpl1.1/record/kew-2362906
  16. ↑ The Plant List: M. austroindica
  17. ↑ The Plant List M. austroyunnanensis
  18. ↑ http://www.theplantlist.org/tpl1.1/record/kew-2362901
  19. ↑ The Plant List M. blommesteinii
  20. ↑ The Plant List: M. bullata
  21. ↑ The Plant List M. caesia
  22. ↑ The Plant List M. campnospermoides
  23. ↑ The Plant List M. camptosperma
  24. ↑ The Plant List M. casturi
  25. ↑ The Plant List M. collina
  26. ↑ The Plant List M. decandra
  27. ↑ The Plant List M. dewildei
  28. ↑ The Plant List M. flava
  29. ↑ The Plant List M. foetida
  30. ↑ The Plant List M. gedebi
  31. ↑ The Plant List M. gracilipes
  32. ↑ The Plant List M. griffithii
  33. ↑ The Plant List M. hiemalis
  34. ↑ The Plant List M. indica
  35. ↑ The Plant List M. kemanga
  36. ↑ The Plant List M. lalijiwa
  37. ↑ The Plant List M. laurina
  38. ↑ The Plant List M. lineariflia
  39. ↑ The Plant List M. macrocarpa
  40. ↑ The Plant List Mangifera magnifica
  41. ↑ The Plant List M. merrillii
  42. ↑ The Plant List
  43. ↑ The Plant List M. monandra
  44. ↑ The Plant List M. nicobarica
  45. ↑ The Plant List M. odorata
  46. ↑ The Plant List M. orophila
  47. ↑ The Plant List M. pajang
  48. ↑ The Plant List M. paludosa
  49. ↑ The Plant List M. parvifolia
  50. ↑ The Plant List M. pedicellata
  51. ↑ The Plant List M. pentandra
  52. ↑ The Plant List M. persiciforma
  53. ↑ The Plant List M. pseudoindica
  54. ↑ The Plant List M. quadrifida
  55. ↑ The Plant List M. reba
  56. ↑ The Plant List M. rubropetala
  57. ↑ The Plant List M. rufocostata
  58. ↑ The Plant List M. siamensis
  59. ↑ The Plant List M. similis
  60. ↑ The Plant List M. sumbawaensis
  61. ↑ The Plant List M. superba
  62. ↑ The Plant List M. swintonioides
  63. ↑ The Plant List M. sylvatica
  64. ↑ The Plant List M. taipa
  65. ↑ The Plant List M. torquenda
  66. ↑ The Plant List M. transversalis
  67. 1 2 "GRIN Species Records of Mangifera". Germplasm Resources Information Network. United States Department of Agriculture. Retrieved 2011-02-04.
  68. ↑ The Plant List M. zeylanica
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