Mamirauá Sustainable Development Reserve

Mamirauá Sustainable Development Reserve
Reserva de Desenvolvimento Sustentável Mamirauá
IUCN category VI (protected area with sustainable use of natural resources)
Map showing the location of Mamirauá Sustainable Development Reserve
Map of Brazil
Location Amazonas, Brazil
Nearest city Tefé
Coordinates 2°16′S 65°41′W / 2.26°S 65.68°W / -2.26; -65.68Coordinates: 2°16′S 65°41′W / 2.26°S 65.68°W / -2.26; -65.68[1]
Area 4,300 sq mi (11,000 km2)[2]
Designation Sustainable development reserve
Established 1996
Official name Mamirauá
Designated 4 October 1993
Reference no. 623[3]

The Mamirauá Sustainable Development Reserve (Portuguese: Reserva de Desenvolvimento Sustentável Mamirauá) in the Brazilian state of Amazonas, near the city of Tefé, is a 4,300-square-mile (11,000 km2) reserve near the village of Boca do Mamirauá. It includes mostly Amazonian flooded forest and wetlands.

Location

The Mamirauá Sustainable Development Reserve is divided between the municipalities of Uarini (18.68%), Tonantins (1.24%), Maraã (26.74%), Japurá (1.33%) and Fonte Boa (52.01%) in the state of Amazonas. It has an area of 1,124,000 hectares (2,780,000 acres).[4] It covers the elongated triangle between the Solimões River (Upper Amazon) to the south, the Auati-Paraná Canal, which leaves the Solimões and meanders in a generally eastward direction to join the Japurá River to the north, and the Japurá from the junction with the Auati-Paraná to the point where it joins the Solimões.[5] It adjoins the Auatí-Paraná Extractive Reserve to the north. The Amanã Sustainable Development Reserve lies on the opposite bank of the Japurá to the east.[5]

Protection

Mamirauá is recognised by the international Ramsar Convention, as a wetland of global importance, as well as part of a World Heritage Convention's natural site. At present, it is included in one of the ecological corridors to be implemented by the PPG-7 Program for the Protection of Brazilian Tropical Forests.

Jaú National Park was inscribed by UNESCO as a World Heritage Site in 2000.[6] It became part of the Central Amazon Ecological Corridor, established in 2002.[7] In 2003 the property was expanded by the addition of the Anavilhanas National Park, Amanã Sustainable Development Reserve and Mamirauá Sustainable Development Reserve to form the Central Amazon Conservation Complex, a larger World Heritage Site.[6]

The reserve is the legacy and life work of Brazilian scientist José Márcio Ayres.

Mamirauá has a human population estimated in 6,306 individuals, including amazonian caboclo, Ticuna, Cambeba and Cocama ameridian groups.

Saimiri vanzolinii is a primate species endemic of the reserve.

Wildlife

The reserve is in the Solimões-Japurá moist forests and Purus várzea ecorgions,[8][9] There are two endemic primates, the bald uakari (Cacajao calvus) and black squirrel monkey (Saimiri vanzolinii).[9] The reserve is also home to white-footed saki (Pithecia albicans), emperor tamarin (Saguinus imperator), moustached tamarin (Saguinus mystax), Nancy Ma's night monkey (Aotus nancymaae) and Hershkovitz's titi (Callicebus dubius).[9] The reserve is also home of other kinds of arboreal mammals such as howler monkeys, sloths, coati and collared anteaters. Land mammals are not that common as most of the territory is flooded during the wet season.

Mamirauá hosts a large diversity of birds, with more than 400 species recorded, including toucans, harpy eagle, hoatzin, 15 species of parrots and, specially, aquatic birds. During the flood season the pink dolphin can be found in the flooded forest. The most conspicuous of the numerous fish species are tambaqui, piranha and pirarucu. Mamirauá is also a perfect place to spot the Amazon river dolphins, both boto and tucuxi.

References

  1. ↑ "Mamirauá State Sustainable Development Reserve". protectedplanet.net.
  2. ↑ "Peering at the future". The Economist. 17 June 2004.
  3. ↑ "Mamirauá". Ramsar Sites Information Service. Retrieved 25 April 2018.
  4. ↑ RDS Mamirauá – ISA, Informações gerais.
  5. 1 2 RDS Mamirauá – ISA, Informações gerais (mapa).
  6. 1 2 Central Amazon Conservation Complex – UNESCO.
  7. ↑ CEC Central da Amazônia – ISA, Áreas relacionadas.
  8. ↑ Solimões-Japurá moist forest – Myers.
  9. 1 2 3 Sears.

Sources

  • CEC Central da Amazônia (in Portuguese), ISA: Instituto Socioambiental, retrieved 2016-10-17
  • Central Amazon Conservation Complex, UNESCO, retrieved 2016-05-05
  • RDS Mamirauá (in Portuguese), ISA: Instituto Socioambiental, retrieved 2016-10-21
  • Sears, Robin, Northern South America: Northern central Brazil: NT0156, WWF:World Wildlife Fund, retrieved 2017-03-15
  • "Solimões-Japurá moist forest", Global Species, Myers Enterprises II, retrieved 2017-03-26

Further reading

  • Koziell, Izabella; Inoue, Christina Y. A. (2002). Mamirauá Sustainable Development Reserve, Brazil. IIED. ISBN 1-84369-241-4.
  • Bannerman, Matt; Marigo, Luiz Claudio; Azevêdo, Aline Da Rin P. (2001). Mamirauá: A Guide to the Natural History of the Amazon Flooded Forest. Instituto de Desenvolvimento Sustentável Mamirauá. ISBN 85-88758-02-4.
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