Malaysian general election, 1974
|
| 24 August – 14 September 1974 |
|
|
|
All 154 seats to the Dewan Rakyat
78 seats needed for a majority |
|---|
| Registered |
4,178,914 |
|---|
| Turnout |
2,220,186 (75.1%) |
|---|
| |
First party |
Second party |
Third party |
| |
.jpg) |
 |
SNAP |
| Leader |
Abdul Razak Hussein |
Lim Kit Siang |
James Wong |
| Party |
BN |
DAP |
SNAP |
| Leader since |
23 January 1971 |
1 October 1969 |
1963 |
| Leader's seat |
Pekan |
Kota Melaka |
Miri-Subis (lost seat) |
| Last election |
74 seats, 44.3% |
13 seats, 12.1% |
9 seats, 2.7% |
| Seats won |
135 |
9 |
9 |
| Seat change |
 61 |
 4 |
 |
| Popular vote |
1,287,400 |
387,845 |
117,566 |
| Percentage |
60.7% |
18.3% |
5.6% |
| Swing |
16.4% |
6.2% |
2.9% |
|
| |
Fourth party |
Fifth party |
Sixth party |
| |
|
PSRM |
KITA |
| Leader |
Tan Chee Khoon |
|
|
| Party |
Parti Keadilan Masyarakat Malaysia |
Parti Sosialis Rakyat Malaysia |
Parti Keadilan Insan Tanah Air |
| Leader since |
1972 |
|
|
| Leader's seat |
Kepong |
No seat |
No seat |
| Last election |
New Party |
No seats, 1.1% |
New Party |
| Seats won |
1 |
No seats |
No seats |
| Seat change |
|
|
|
| Popular vote |
105,718 |
84,206 |
8,623 |
| Percentage |
5.0% |
4.0% |
0.4% |
|
|
|
A general election was held between Saturday, 24 August and Saturday, 14 September 1974 for members of the 4th Parliament of Malaysia.[1] Voting took place in all 154 parliamentary constituencies of Malaysia, each electing one Member of Parliament to the Dewan Rakyat, the dominant house of Parliament. State elections also took place in 360 state constituencies in 12 (out of 13, except Sabah) states of Malaysia on the same day.
This result was a victory for Barisan Nasional (formerly the Alliance Party), which won 135 of the 154 seats. Voter turnout was 75.1%.
Once Parliament had been dissolved on 31 July 1974, the Election Commission fixed 8 August 1974, as Nomination Day and 24 August 1974, as Polling Day. (In Malaysia, the election campaign must last a minimum of two weeks.)
This was the first general election since the Alliance Party was replaced by the Barisan Nasional in 1973. It was also the only election when the Pan-Malaysian Islamic Party (PAS) participated as part of Barisan Nasional, which also marked the first time since independence the federal ruling party obtained a majority in the Kelantan State Legislative Assembly, forming the state government in Kelantan.
Candidates were returned unopposed in 47 constituencies. The 1,060,871 electors from these constituencies therefore did not cast ballots. Another 88 Front members were later successful, thus enabling their alliance to gain an overwhelming majority in the House. Altogether over 50 Opposition candidates lost their deposits.
Results
Dewan Rakyat
Summary of the 24 August - 14 September 1974 Malaysian Dewan Rakyat election results
| Party |
Vote |
Seats |
| Votes |
% |
Won |
% |
+/– |
|
National Front[lower-alpha 1] | BN | 1,287,400 | 60.81 | 135 | 87.66 | +61 |
|
|
United Malays National Organisation | UMNO | | | 62 | 40.26 | +10 |
|
Malaysian Chinese Association | MCA | | | 19 | 12.34 | +6 |
|
Pan-Malaysian Islamic Party | PAS | | | 13 | 8.44 | +1 |
|
United Sabah National Organisation | USNO | | | 13 | 8.44 | 0 |
|
United Traditional Bumiputera Party | PBB | 83,722 | | 8 | 5.19 | New |
|
Sarawak United People's Party | SUPP | 64,235 | | 7 | 4.55 | +2 |
|
Malaysian People's Movement Party | Gerakan | | | 5 | 3.25 | -3 |
|
Malaysian Indian Congress | MIC | | | 4 | 2.60 | +2 |
|
Sabah Chinese Association | SCA | | | 3 | 1.95 | 0 |
|
People's Progressive Party | PPP | | | 1 | 0.65 | -3 |
|
Democratic Action Party | DAP | 387,845 | 18.32 | 9 | 5.84 | -4 |
|
Sarawak National Party | SNAP | 117,566 | 5.55 | 9 | 5.84 | 0 |
|
Parti Keadilan Masyarakat Malaysia | PEKEMAS | 105,718 | 4.99 | 1 | 0.65 | New |
|
Malaysian People's Socialist Party | PSRM | 84,206 | 3.98 | 0 | 0.00 | 0 |
|
Homeland Consciousness Union | KITA | 8,623 | 0.41 | 0 | 0.00 | New |
|
Independent People's Progressive Party | IPPP | 1,356 | 0.06 | 0 | 0.00 | New |
|
Independents | IND | 124,202 | 5.87 | 0 | 0.00 | -1 |
| Valid votes | 2,116,916 | |
| Invalid/blank votes | 103,270 |
| Total (turnout: 75.1%) | 2,220,186 | 100.00 | 154 | 100.00 | +10 |
| Did not vote | 1,958,728 | |
| Registered voters | 4,178,914 |
| Voting age population (aged 21 years and above) | 5,625,000 |
| Malaysian population | 11,700,000 |
| Source: Nohlen et al., IPU ,, |
- ↑ Contested using dacing election symbol on the ballot papers.
Results by state
| Summary of the 24 August - 14 September 1974 Malaysian Dewan Rakyat election results by state |
|---|
- ↑ Contested using dacing election symbol on the ballot papers.
- ↑ Contested using dacing election symbol on the ballot papers.
- ↑ Contested using dacing election symbol on the ballot papers.
- ↑ Contested using dacing election symbol on the ballot papers.
Summary of the 24 August 1974 Malaysian Dewan Rakyat election results in Penang
| Party |
Candidates |
Vote |
Seats |
| Votes |
% |
Won |
% |
+/– |
|
National Front[lower-alpha 1] | BN | 9 | 117,349 | 56.24 | 9 | 100.00 | +7 |
|
|
Malaysian Chinese Association | MCA | 3 | 46,226 | 22.15 | 3 | 33.33 | +2 |
|
Malaysian People's Movement Party | Gerakan | 3 | 42,792 | 20.51 | 3 | 33.33 | -2 |
|
United Malays National Organisation | UMNO | 3 | 28,331 | 13.58 | 3 | 33.33 | +2 |
|
Democratic Action Party | DAP | 7 | 51,025 | 24.45 | 0 | 0.00 | -1 |
|
Parti Keadilan Masyarakat Malaysia | PEKEMAS | 7 | 26,640 | 12.77 | 0 | 0.00 | New |
|
Malaysian People's Socialist Party | PSRM | 6 | 12,409 | 5.95 | 0 | 0.00 | 0 |
|
Homeland Consciousness Union | KITA | 1 | 1,235 | 0.59 | 0 | 0.00 | New |
| Valid votes | 208,658 | |
| Invalid/blank votes | |
| Total votes (voter turnout: %) | | 100.00 | 9 | 100.00 | +1 |
| Did not vote | | |
| Registered voters | 271,133 |
| Voting age population (aged 21 years and above) | |
| Penang's population | |
|
Source: |
- ↑ Contested using dacing election symbol on the ballot papers.
- ↑ Contested using dacing election symbol on the ballot papers.
- ↑ Contested using dacing election symbol on the ballot papers.
- ↑ Contested using dacing election symbol on the ballot papers.
Template:Malaysian general election, 1974 (Kuala Lumpur)
- ↑ Contested using dacing election symbol on the ballot papers.
- ↑ Contested using dacing election symbol on the ballot papers.
- ↑ Contested using dacing election symbol on the ballot papers.
- ↑ Contested using dacing election symbol on the ballot papers.
- ↑ Contested using dacing election symbol on the ballot papers.
|
Opposition
After the election, Sarawak National Party (SNAP) became the largest opposition party in the Malaysian parliament and James Wong was appointed the opposition leader. After 2 months, he was detained under Internal Security Act. Datuk Seri Edmund Langgau Anak Saga from the SNAP party later succeeded him. James Wong was detained for almost two years before negotiation led by Datuk Amar Leo Moggie Anak Irok resulting in SNAP joining the Barisan Nasional.
References
- ↑ Dieter Nohlen, Florian Grotz & Christof Hartmann (2001) Elections in Asia: A data handbook, Volume II, p152
ISBN 0-19-924959-8