Makasae language

Makasae
Native to East Timor
Region Timor Island, eastern end around Baucau and inland, west of Fataluku, from northern to southern coast in a dialect chain.
Coordinates 8°39′S 126°30′E / 8.650°S 126.500°E / -8.650; 126.500
Native speakers
 102,000 (2010 census)[1]
Dialects
Language codes
ISO 639-3 mkz
Glottolog maka1316[2]
Distribution of Makasae mother-tongue speakers in East Timor
Distribution of Makalero

Distribution of Sa'ane

Makasae (also known as Makassai, Macassai, Ma'asae, Makasai) is a Papuan language spoken by about 100,000 people on the eastern part of East Timor, in the districts of Baucau and Viqueque, just to the west of Fataluku. It is the most populous Papuan language west of New Guinea.

Phonology

All the information in this section is from Huber's grammar, which is based off one speaker of the Ossu dialect.[3]

Consonants

Native consonant phonemes are shown in the chart below for the Ossu dialect. Borrowed consonants are enclosed in parenthesis.

Consonant phonemes
  Labial Alveolar Palatal Velar Glottal
Plosive pb td    kg ʔ 
Fricative (f)  s(z)       h 
Nasal  m  n  (ɲ)      
Trill        r      
Lateral approximant        l      
Approximant  w            

Vowels

Monophthongs

Makasae has five vowel phonemes.

Monophthong phonemes
  Front Central Back
Close i   u
Mid e   o
Open   a  

References

  1. ↑ Makasae at Ethnologue (18th ed., 2015)
  2. ↑ Hammarström, Harald; Forkel, Robert; Haspelmath, Martin, eds. (2017). "Makasae". Glottolog 3.0. Jena, Germany: Max Planck Institute for the Science of Human History.
  3. ↑ Huber, Juliette (2008). First steps towards a grammar of Makasae: a language of East Timor. LINCOM.


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