Macintosh SE

Macintosh SE

A Macintosh SE with dual floppy drives.
Also known as	Macintosh SE FDHD Macintosh SE SuperDrive
Manufacturer	Apple Computer, Inc.
Product family	Compact Macintosh
Type	All-in-one
Release date	March 2, 1987 (1987-03-02)
Introductory price	US$2900 (dual floppy) US$3900 (with 20 MB hard drive)
Discontinued	October 15, 1990 (1990-10-15)
Operating system	System 4.0 - System 7.5.5
CPU	Motorola 68000 @ 7.8 MHz
Memory	1-4 MB RAM (4x 150ns 30-pin SIMM)
Display	9 inches (23 cm) monochrome, 512x342
Dimensions	Height: 13.6 inches (35 cm) Width: 9.69 inches (24.6 cm) Depth: 10.9 inches (28 cm)
Weight	17 pounds (7.7 kg)
Predecessor	Macintosh 512Ke Macintosh Plus
Successor	Macintosh SE/30 Macintosh Classic Macintosh Portable

The Macintosh SE is a personal computer designed, manufactured and sold by Apple Computer, Inc. from March 1987^[1] to October, 1990. It marked a significant improvement on the Macintosh Plus design and was introduced by Apple at the same time as the Macintosh II.

The SE retains the same Compact Macintosh form factor as the original Macintosh computer introduced three years earlier, but with slight differences in color and styling. An enhanced model, the SE/30 was introduced in January, 1989; sales of the original SE continued, with an update following in August of that year to include a SuperDrive. The Macintosh SE was replaced with the Macintosh Classic, a very similar model which retained the same central processing unit and form factor, but at a lower price point.

Overview

The Macintosh SE was introduced at the AppleWorld conference in Los Angeles on March 2, 1987. The "SE" is an acronym for "System Expansion".^[2] Its notable new features, compared to its similar predecessor, the Macintosh Plus, were:

• First compact Macintosh with an internal drive bay for a hard disk (originally 20 MB or 40 MB) or a second floppy drive.
• First compact Macintosh that featured an expansion slot.
• First Macintosh to support the Apple Desktop Bus (ADB), previously only available on the Apple IIGS, for keyboard and mouse connections.
• Improved SCSI support with faster data throughput and a standard 50-pin internal SCSI connector.
• Better reliability and longer life expectancy (15 years of continuous use)^[3] due to the addition of a cooling fan.
• Upgraded video circuitry that results in a lower percentage of CPU time being spent drawing the screen. In practice this results in a 10-20 percent performance improvement.^[4]
• Additional fonts and kerning routines in the Toolbox ROM^[3]
• Disk First Aid is included on the system disk

The SE and Macintosh II were the first Apple computers since the Apple I to be sold without a keyboard. Instead the customer was offered the choice of the new ADB Apple Keyboard or the Apple Extended Keyboard.

Apple produced ten SEs with transparent cases as prototypes for promotional shots and employees. They are extremely rare and command a premium price for collectors.^[5]

Hardware

Processor: Motorola 68000, 8 MHz, with an 8 MHz system bus and a 16-bit data path

RAM: The SE came with 1 MB of RAM as standard, and is expandable to 4 MB. The logic board has four 30-pin SIMM slots; memory must be installed in pairs and must be 150 ns or faster.

Video: There is 256 KB of onboard video memory, enabling 512x384 monochrome resolution. The built-in screen has a lower resolution.

Storage: The SE can accommodate either one or two floppy drives, or a floppy drive and a hard drive. After-market brackets were designed to allow the SE to accommodate two floppy drives as well as a hard drive, however it was not a configuration supported by Apple. In addition an external floppy disk drive may also be connected, making the SE the only Macintosh besides the Macintosh Portable and Macintosh II which could support three floppy drives, though its increased storage, RAM capacity and optional internal hard drive rendered the external drives less of a necessity than for its predecessors. Single-floppy SE models also featured a drive-access light in the spot where the second floppy drive would be. Hard-drive equipped models came with a 20 MB SCSI hard disk.

Battery: Located on the logic board is a 3.6 V lithium battery, which must be present in order for basic settings to persist between power cycles. Macintosh SE machines which have sat for a long time have experienced battery corrosion and leakage, resulting in a damaged case and logic board.

Expansion: A Processor Direct Slot on the logic board allows for expansion cards, such as accelerators, to be installed. The SE can be upgraded to 50 MHz and more than 5 MB with the MicroMac accelerators. In the past other accelerators were also available such as the Sonnet Allegro. Since installing a card required opening the computer's case and exposing the user to high voltages from the internal CRT, Apple recommended that only authorized Apple dealers install the cards; the case was sealed with then-uncommon Torx screws.

Upgrades: After Apple introduced the Macintosh SE/30 in January, 1989, a logic board upgrade was sold by Apple dealers as a high-cost upgrade for the SE, consisting of a new SE/30 motherboard, case front and internal chassis to accommodate the upgrade components.

An Easter Egg hidden in the ROMs had four images of the development team.

Easter egg: The Macintosh SE ROM size increased from 64 KB in the original Mac to 256 KB, which allowed the development team to include an Easter Egg hidden in the ROMs. By jumping to address 0x41D89A or reading from the ROM chips it is possible to display the four images of the engineering team.^[8][9]

Inside the Macintosh SE

The main PCB from a 1988 Macintosh SE

Models

Introduced March 2, 1987:

• Macintosh SE^[10]

Introduced August 1, 1989:

• Macintosh SE FDHD: Includes the new SuperDrive, a floppy disk drive that could handle 1.4 MB High Density (HD) floppy disks. FDHD is an acronym for "Floppy Disk High Density"; later some Macintosh SE FDHDs were labeled Macintosh SE Superdrive, to conform to Apple's marketing change with respect to their new drive. HD floppies would become the de-facto standard on both the Macintosh and PC computers from then on. An upgrade kit was sold for the original Macintosh SE which included new ROM chips and a new disk controller chip, to replace the originals.^[11]
• Macintosh SE 1/20: The name of the Macintosh SE FDHD with a 20 MB HDD when sold in Europe.
• Macintosh SE 1/40: The name of the Macintosh SE FDHD with a 40 MB HDD when sold in Europe.

Timeline of compact Macintosh models

See also

• Mini vMac

References

External links

Wikimedia Commons has media related to Macintosh SE.

• 1987 Apple Computer, Inc. promotional video "Own-a-Mac - The Movie"
• The Mac SE Support Pages Repair & upgrade advice.
• Mac SE Low End Mac