Long metre

Long Metre or Long Measure, abbreviated L.M. or LM, is a poetic metre consisting of four line stanzas, or quatrains, in iambic tetrameter with alternate rhyme pattern a-b-a-b. The term is also used in the closely related area of hymn metres. When the poem is used as a sung hymn, the metre of the text is denoted by the syllable count of each line; for long metre, the count is denoted by 8.8.8.8, 88.88, or 88 88, depending on style. It is similar to common metre (for poems or melodies denoted as 8.6.8.6, 86.86, or 86 86) which consists of four lines in alternating iambic tetrameter and iambic trimeter.

History

Poets and composers have used long metre for more than a millennium: Venantius Fortunatus (c.530-c.600/609) wrote Vexilla regis, and probably also wrote Quem terra, pontus, aethera, both of which are in long metre. The same metre is also found in more recent melodies and arrangements: Psalm 100, All People That on Earth Do Dwell, is sometimes sung to an arrangement of the calypso tune used in Jamaica Farewell, and the song Hernando's Hideaway[1] from The Pajama Game is also largely in long metre; Jimmy Crack Corn is in long metre, with frequent metric variations, but the refrain is in 88 86.

Related to long metre are other metres: long metre double, 88 88 88 88, as in the traditional Irish tune St. Patrick, which has been used with the hymn I Bind unto Myself Today, St. Patrick's Breastplate, translated by Cecil Frances Alexander;[2] and long particular metre, 88 88 88, as in the tune Melita, composed by John Bacchus Dykes, which has been used with the hymn Eternal Father, Strong to Save, the Navy Hymn, by William Whiting.[3]

See also

References

  1. ↑ "Archived copy". Archived from the original on 2012-04-26. Retrieved 2012-12-11.
  2. ↑ The Hymnal of the Protestant Episcopal Church in the United States of America, 1940, New York: Church Pension Fund, Hymn 268.
  3. ↑ The Hymnal of the Protestant Episcopal Church in the United States of America, 1940, New York: Church Pension Fund, Hymn 512.
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