Loaded (The Velvet Underground album)

Loaded
Studio album by The Velvet Underground
Released	November 15, 1970
Recorded	April–August 1970
Studio	Atlantic Recording Studios, New York City, United States
Genre	Rock and roll rock pop
Length	39:48 (original pressing) 40:35 ("full length version")
Label	Cotillion
Producer	Geoff Haslam, Shel Kagan, The Velvet Underground
The Velvet Underground chronology
The Velvet Underground (1969) Loaded (1970) Live at Max's Kansas City (1972)
Singles from Loaded
"Sweet Jane"/"Rock & Roll" Released: 1970

Loaded is the fourth studio album by American rock band the Velvet Underground, released in November 1970 by Atlantic Records' subsidiary label Cotillion. It was the final album recorded featuring founding member and main songwriter Lou Reed, who left shortly before its release and also guitarist Sterling Morrison.

In 2012, Loaded was ranked 110 on Rolling Stone magazine's list of the 500 greatest albums of all time.

Background

Loaded was a commercial effort aimed at radio play, another step away from the Warhol-influenced experimental days of their earlier albums. The album's title refers to Atlantic's request that the band produce an album "loaded with hits". Singer/bassist Doug Yule said, "On Loaded there was a big push to produce a hit single, there was that mentality, which one of these is a single, how does it sound when we cut it down to 3.5 minutes, so that was a major topic for the group at that point. And I think that the third album to a great extent shows a lot of that in that a lot of those songs were designed as singles and if you listen to them you can hear the derivation, like this is sort of a Phil Spector-ish kind of song, or this is that type of person song."

Reed was critical of the album's final mix. He left the Velvet Underground on August 23, 1970, but Loaded wasn't released until three months later, in November. After its release, Reed maintained in interviews that it had been re-edited and resequenced without his consent.

One of Reed's sore points resulting from that unauthorized re-editing was that the "heavenly wine and roses" melody was cut out of "Sweet Jane". In the original recording, this part was intended to provide a perfectly flowing bridge to a full-fledged plagal cadence two-chord version of the chorus (earlier choruses in the song have a 4-chord riff). In Reed's initial solo performances, he would include the verse (see for instance American Poet), until 1973, when he would routinely leave it out, as the bridge fits less well in a more hard rock version (as heard for instance on Rock 'n' Roll Animal). However, the post-Reed, Doug Yule-led Velvets always performed the song with the verse included. A career-spanning retrospective of Reed's recordings with the Velvet Underground and as a solo artist, NYC Man (The Ultimate Collection 1967–2003), which Reed compiled himself, uses the shorter version. When asked about the shortened versions of "Sweet Jane" and "New Age" and Reed's long-standing claims that they were re-edited without his consent, Yule claimed that Reed had in fact edited the songs himself. "He edited it. You have to understand at the time, the motivation was... Lou was, and all of us were, intent on one thing and that was to be successful and what you had to do to be successful in music, was you had to have a hit, and a hit had to be uptempo, short, and with no digressions, straight ahead basically, you wanted a hook and something to feed the hook and that was it. 'Sweet Jane' was arranged just exactly the way it is on the original Loaded release exactly for that reason—to be a hit! 'Who Loves The Sun' was done exactly that way for that reason—to be a hit."^[1]

Reed also felt snubbed by being listed third in the credits on the album; and by the large photo of Yule playing piano; and by all the songwriting credits improperly going to the band, rather than Reed himself. Newer releases have satisfied many of Reed's concerns: he is now properly acknowledged as the main songwriter for the album; he is listed at the top of the band line-up and, since the 1995 box set Peel Slowly and See, another mix is available, restoring "Sweet Jane", "Rock & Roll" and "New Age" to the full-length versions Reed had originally penned.

Although she is credited on the sleeve, the album does not feature Velvet Underground stalwart drummer Maureen Tucker, as she was pregnant at the time. Drumming duties were performed mainly by bassist Doug Yule, recording engineer Adrian Barber, session musician Tommy Castanero and Doug Yule's brother Billy. Lou Reed commented that "Loaded didn't have Maureen on it, and that's a lot of people's favorite Velvet Underground record, so we can't get too lost in the mystique of the Velvet Underground... It's still called a Velvet Underground record. But what it really is is something else."^[2] Sterling Morrison had strong feelings about Yule's increased presence on Loaded, saying: "The album came out okay, as far as production it's the best, but it would have been better if it had real good Lou vocals on all the tracks." While Morrison contributed guitar tracks to the album, he was also attending City College of New York and juggling his time between the sessions and classes, leaving most of the creative input to Reed and Yule.^[3] Doug Yule claimed that "Lou leaned on me a lot in terms of musical support and vocal arrangements. I did a lot on Loaded. It sort of devolved down to the Lou and Yule recreational recording". Of the ten songs that make up Loaded, Yule's lead vocals were featured on four songs: "Who Loves the Sun", which opens the album, "New Age", "Lonesome Cowboy Bill", and "Oh! Sweet Nuthin'". In addition to his lead vocal parts, Yule handled all of the bass, piano and organ duties, and also recorded several lead guitar tracks. The guitar solos on "Rock and Roll", "Cool it Down", "Head Held High" and "Oh! Sweet Nuthin'" were all played by Yule.^[4]

Original copies of the album have no silence in between the first two songs, "Who Loves the Sun" and "Sweet Jane", with the first note of the latter being heard at the precise moment the former completely fades. Some later pressings break the segue with the insertion of a few seconds of silence. All CDs of Loaded retain the original segue without the silence.

The artwork for the album features a drawing of the Times Square subway station entrance, with "downtown" misspelled as "dowtown".^[5]

Reception and legacy

Retrospective professional ratings
Review scores
Source	Rating
AllMusic	[6]
Blender	[7]
Chicago Tribune	[8]
Christgau's Record Guide	A[9]
Encyclopedia of Popular Music	[10]
Pitchfork	10/10[11]
Q	[12]
The Rolling Stone Album Guide	[13]
Spin Alternative Record Guide	9/10[14]

Reviewing Loaded in Rolling Stone, Lenny Kaye wrote that "though the Velvet Underground on Loaded are more loose and straightforward than we've yet seen them, there is an undercurrent to the album that makes it more than any mere collection of good-time cuts".^[15] In The Village Voice, Robert Christgau said the music was genuinely rock and roll but also "really intellectual and ironic", with Reed's singing embodying the paradox.^[16]

According to independent scholar Doyle Greene, Loaded was "straightforward rock and roll" that completely eschewed the avant-garde and experimental music leanings of the Velvet Underground's previous albums, while the songs "Sweet Jane" and "Rock & Roll" distinguished the band as a "seminal proto-punk" act.^[17] "The trifecta of 'Who Loves the Sun,' 'Sweet Jane' and 'Rock & Roll' is among the best three-song openings on any rock and roll record", wrote Paste contributor Jeff Gonick.^[18] In Routledge's Encyclopedia of Music in the 20th Century (2014), music journalist Michael R. Ross regarded the album as "a near-perfect rock album",^[19] while Eric Klinger from PopMatters called it a "great" pop album.^[20]

In 2003, Loaded was #110 on Rolling Stone's reissue of their 500 greatest albums of all time. The album contains two well-known Velvet Underground songs, "Sweet Jane" and "Rock & Roll", both of which are still heard regularly on classic rock FM radio stations. The album was covered live in its entirety by rock band Phish as one of their "Halloween musical costume" concerts on October 31, 1998. In 2012, lead guitarist Graham Coxon cited Loaded as an influence on Blur.^[21] Loaded has sold 250,000 copies according to Nielsen Soundscan.^[22]

Track listing

All songs written by Lou Reed.

Reissues

The album was officially released on CD on July 7, 1987 by Warner Special Products. Some of the running times located on the back of the CD case are incorrect. For instance, "Sweet Jane" is marked 3:55 while it is in fact about 3:18; "New Age" is marked 5:20 while it is closer to 4:39.

Personnel

The Velvet Underground

• Lou Reed – vocals, lead guitar, rhythm guitar, piano
• Doug Yule – bass, piano, keyboards, lead guitar, fuzz bass, drums, percussion, backing vocals, lead vocals on "Who Loves the Sun", "New Age", "Lonesome Cowboy Bill", "Oh! Sweet Nuthin', and "Ride Into The Sun (Session Outtake)"
• Sterling Morrison – lead guitar, rhythm guitar, possible backing vocals
• Maureen Tucker – drums: credited, but does not appear due to maternity leave; on the Fully Loaded edition, does appear singing on the outtake "I'm Sticking With You" and playing drums on the demo of "I Found a Reason"

Additional musicians

• Adrian Barber – drums on "Who Loves the Sun"^[4]
• Tommy Castagnaro – drums on "Cool It Down" and "Head Held High"
• Billy Yule – drums on "Lonesome Cowboy Bill" and "Oh! Sweet Nuthin'"

Technical staff

• Adrian Barber – engineer
• Geoff Haslam, Shel Kagan and the Velvet Underground – producers

References