Litoria
| Litoria | |
|---|---|
.jpg) | |
| Australian Green tree frog (Litoria caerulea) | |
Scientific classification  | |
| Kingdom: | Animalia |
| Phylum: | Chordata |
| Class: | Amphibia |
| Order: | Anura |
| Family: | Hylidae |
| Subfamily: | Pelodryadinae |
| Genus: | Litoria Tschudi, 1838 |
| Species | |
|
Around 150, see text | |
Litoria is a genus of Hylidae tree frogs native to Australia, the Bismarck Archipelago, the Solomon Islands, New Guinea, the Lesser Sunda Islands, the Moluccan Islands, and Timor. They are sometimes collectively referred to as Australasian treefrogs. They are distinguishable from other tree frogs by the presence of horizontal irises, no pigmentation of the eyelids, and their Wallacean distribution. About 150 species are described, but several new species are described every year on average.
The species within the genus Litoria are extremely variable in appearance, behaviour, and habitat. The smallest species is the javelin frog (L. microbelos), reaching a maximum length of 1.6 cm,[1][2] while the largest, the giant tree frog (L. infrafrenata), reaches a size of 13.5-14.0 cm. The appearance, behaviour, and habitat of each frog is usually linked. The small, darkly coloured frogs are generally terrestrial, and never, or infrequently, climb. The larger, green species are usually arboreal and some only venture to the ground to breed.
Species
- L. adelaidensis – slender tree frog
- L. albolabris – Wandolleck's white-lipped tree frog
- L. amboinensis – Horst's tree frog
- L. andiirrmalin – Cape Melville tree frog
- L. angiana – Angiana tree frog
- L. arfakiana – Arfakiana tree frog
- L. aruensis (Horst, 1883) – Aru tree frog
- L. auae
- L. aurea – green and golden bell frog
- L. aurifera Anstis, Tyler, Roberts, Price & Doughty, 2010 – Kimberley rockhole frog[3]
- L. axillaris Kimberley rocket frog
- L. barringtonensis – mountain stream tree frog
- L. becki – Beck's tree frog
- L. bella McDonald, Rowley, Richards & Frankham, 2016[4]
- L. biakensis Günther, 2006
- L. bibonius Kraus & Allison, 2004
- L. bicolor – northern dwarf tree frog
- L. booroolongensis – Booroolong frog
- L. brevipalmata – green-thighed frog
- L. brongersmai – Brongersma's tree frog
- L. bulmeri – Bulmer's tree frog
- L. burrowsae – Tasmanian tree frog
- L. caerulea – Australian green tree frog or White's tree frog
- L. capitula – Samlakki tree frog
- L. castenea – yellow-spotted tree frog or Tablelands bell frog
- L. cavernicola – cave-dwelling frog
- L. chloris – red-eyed tree frog or orange-eyed tree frog
- L. chloronota – Arfak Mountain tree frog
- L. chrisdahli Richards, 2007
- L. citropa – Blue Mountains tree frog
- L. congenita – Yule Island tree frog
- L. contrastens – Barabuna tree frog
- L. cooloolensis – Cooloola sedge frog, Cooloola tree frog
- L. coplandi – Copland's rock frog
- L. cyclorhyncha – spotted-thighed tree frog
- L. dahlii – Dahl's aquatic frog
- L. darlingtoni – Darlington's Madang tree frog
- L. daviesae – Davies' tree frog
- L. dentate – bleating tree frog, Keferstein's tree frog
- L. dorsalis – dwarf rocket frog
- L. dorsivena – eastern mountains tree frog
- L. dux Richards & Oliver, 2006
- L. electrica – buzzing tree frog
- L. elkeae
- L. eucnemis – fringed tree frog
- L. everetti – Everett's tree frog
- L. ewingii – brown tree frog
- L. exophthalmia – big-eyed tree frog
- L. fallax – eastern dwarf tree frog
- L. flavescens Kraus & Allison, 2004
- L. freycineti – Freycinet's frog
- L. gasconi Richards, Oliver, Krey & Tjaturadi, 2009[5]
- L. genimaculata – green-eyed tree frog, New Guinea tree frog
- L. gilleni – Centralian tree frog
- L. gracilenta – dainty green tree frog
- L. graminea – northern New Guinea tree frog
- L. havina
- L. hilli Hiaso and Richards, 2006
- L. humboldtorum R. Günther, 2006
- L. hunti Richards, Oliver, Krey, and Tjaturadi, 2006
- L. impura – southern New Guinea tree frog
- L. inermis – bumpy rocket frog
- L. infrafrenata – white-lipped tree frog or giant tree frog
- L. iris – Western Highland tree frog
- L. javana – Javan mossy tree frog
- L. jervisiensis – Jervis Bay tree frog
- L. jeudii – Garman New Guinea tree frog
- L. jungguy
- L. kroombitensis Hoskin, Hines, Meyer, Clarke & Cunningham, 2013[6]
- L. kumae
- L. latopalmata – broad-palmed frog
- L. lesueurii – Lesueur's frog
- L. leucova – West Sepik tree frog
- L. littlejohni – Littlejohn's tree frog
- L. longicrus – Wendessi tree frog
- L. longirostris – long-snouted frog, sharp-snouted frog, scrub rocket frog
- L. lorica – Armoured frog
- L. louisiadensis – Rossell Island tree frog
- L. lutea – Faro Island tree frog
- L. macki
- L. majikthise
- L. megalops Richards & Iskandar, 2006
- L. meiriana – rockhole frog
- L. microbelos – javelin frog
- L. micromembrana – Nodugl tree frog
- L. modica – Oruge tree frog
- L. moorei – motorbike frog (also western green tree frog, western bell frog, western green and gold frog, Moore's frog)
- L. mucro
- L. multicolor – multi-coloured tree frog
- L. multiplica – Kassam tree frog
- L. myola Hoskin, 2007
- L. mystax – Moaif tree frog
- L. nannotis – waterfall frog
- L. napaea – Snow Mountains tree frog
- L. nasuta – striped rocket frog
- L. nigrofrenata – bridled frog
- L. nigropunctata – black-dotted tree frog
- L. nudidigitus – southern leaf green tree frog
- L. nyakalensis – mountain mist frog or Nyakala frog
- L. obtusirostris – Jobi tree frog
- L. oenicolen – Trauna River tree frog
- L. ollauro
- L. olongburensis – wallum sedge frog, Olongburra frog, sharp-snouted reed frog
- L. pallida – pale frog
- L. paraewingi Watson, Loftus-Hills & Littlejohn, 1971 – plains brown tree frog (also red cryptic treefrog, Victoria frog)
- L. pearsoniana – Pearson's green tree frog
- L. peronii – Peron's tree frog, emerald-speckled tree frog, laughing tree frog, maniacal cackle frog
- L. personata – masked frog
- L. phyllochroa – leaf green tree frog
- L. piperata – peppered tree frog
- L. pratti – Pratt's tree frog
- L. pronimia
- L. prora – Efogi tree frog
- L. purpureolata Oliver, Richards, Tjaturadi, and Iskandar, 2007
- L. pygmaea – Geelvink pygmy tree frog
- L. quadrilineata – lined tree frog
- L. raniformis – growling grass frog, southern bell frog, warty swamp frog, green and gold frog
- L. revelata – revealed frog, whirring tree frog
- L. rheocola – common mist frog
- L. richardsi Dennis & Cunningham, 2006
- L. rothii – Roth's tree frog
- L. rubella – desert tree frog
- L. rubrops
- L. sanguinolenta – Sabang tree frog
- L. sauroni Richards & Oliver, 2006
- L. singadanae Richards, 2005
- L. spartacus Richards & Oliver, 2006
- L. spenceri – Spencer's River tree frog
- L. spinifera – spiny tree frog
- L. splendida – magnificent tree frog
- L. subglandulosa – New England tree frog, glandular tree frog
- L. thesaurensis – Treasury Island tree frog
- L. timida – Menemsorae tree frog
- L. tornieri – Tornier's frog
- L. tyleri – Tyler's tree frog, southern laughing tree frog
- L. umarensis – Umar tree frog
- L. umbonata Tyler & Davies, 1983 – Baliem River Valley tree frog
- L. vagabunda – Wahai tree frog
- L. verae – Vera's tree frog
- L. verreauxii – whistling tree frog, Verreaux's tree frog
- L. vocivincens – Brown River tree frog
- L. wapogaensis
- L. wilcoxii - stony-creek frog, eastern stony creek frog, Wilcox's frog
- L. watjulumensis – Watjulum frog
- L. wisselensis – Wissel Lakes tree frog
- L. wollastoni – highland tree frog
- L. xanthomera – orange-thighed frog
References
- ↑ Jean-Marc Hero, Dale Roberts, Paul Horner, Richard Retallick (2004). "Litoria microbelos". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species.
- ↑ "Javelin Frog Litoria microbelos (Cogger 1966)". Government of Western Australia. 2013.
- ↑ Anstis, Marion; Tyler, Michael J.; Roberts, Dale; Price, Luke C.; Doughty, Paul (2010). "A new species of Litoria (Anura: Hylidae) with a highly distinctive tadpole from the north-western Kimberley region of Western Australia" (PDF). Zootaxa. 2550: 39–57.
- ↑ Mcdonald, Keith R.; Rowley, Jodi J. L.; Richards, Stephen J.; Frankham, Greta J (2016). "A new species of treefrog (Litoria) from Cape York Peninsula, Australia". Zootaxa. 4171 (1): 153–169. doi:10.11646/zootaxa.4171.1.6. PMID 27701252.
- ↑ Richards, Stephen J.; Oliver, Paul M.; Krey, Keliopas; Tjaturadi, Burhan (2009). "A new species of Litoria (Amphibia: Anura: Hylidae) from the foothills of the Foja Mountains, Papua Province, Indonesia". Zootaxa. 2277: 1–13.
- ↑ Hoskin, Conrad J.; Hines, Harry B.; Meyer, Ed; Clarke, John; Cunningham, Michael (2013). "A new treefrog (Hylidae: Litoria) from Kroombit Tops, east Australia, and an assessment of conservation status". Zootaxa. 3646 (4): 426–446. doi:10.11646/zootaxa.3646.4.6. PMID 26213773.
Bibliography
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Wikimedia Commons has media related to Litoria. |
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Wikispecies has information related to Litoria |
- Frogs of Australia. Litoria genus . Amphibian Research Centre.
- Frogs Australia Network search: Litoria
- Cogger, H.G. 1979. Reptiles & Amphibians of Australia. A. H. & A. W. REED PTY LTD ISBN 0-589-50108-9
- Frost, Darrel R. Amphibian Species of the World: an Online Reference. Version 5.3 Indexed database. American Museum of Natural History, New York, USA
- Tyler, Michael J. 1992. Encyclopedia of Australian Animals: Frogs. Angus & Robertson. ISBN 0-207-15996-3
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