List of vampires in folklore
This list covers the many types of vampires or vampire-like legendary creatures of global folklore. It does not include any vampire that originates in a work of fiction.
A
- Abchanchu (Bolivia)[1]
- Abere (Melanesia)[2]
- Abhartach (Ireland) - [3]
- Adze (Ghana)[4]
- Alp (Germany)[5] - Variations throughout the world.[6]
- Aniukha (Mongolia, China)[7]
- Apotamkin (Quileute)
- Arnold Paole (Serbia)
- Asanbosam (Ashanti people)[8]
- Asema (Surinam)[9]
- Asiman (Ashanti people)[10]
- Aswang (Philippines)[11]
- Aufhocker (Germany)[12]
- Azeman (Ashanti people)
B
- Baital (India) - Variations: Baitala, Baitel, Baitol, Bay Valley, Katakhanoso, Vetal, Vetala)[13]
- also called Betail
- Bajang (Malaysia)
- Baka (Haitian Vodou)[14] - Variant: Benin
- Bantu (India) - There are three main kinds of this vampire including:
- Bantu Dugong
- Bantu Parl
- Bantu Saburo
- Baobhan Sith (Highlands of Scotland)
- Bebarlang (Philippines)
- The Berwick Vampire (England[15])
- Bhayangkara (Tibet)
- Bhūta (India)
- Bibi (the Balkans)
- The Blow Vampire (1706 Kadam, Bohemia)
- Blutsauger (Germany) - Variant: Blutsäuger
- Brahmaparush (India)
- Breslan Vampire (17th Century Breslau, Poland)
- Bruja (Spain and Central America)
- Bruxa (Portugal)- Males being called Bruxo
- the Buckinghamshire Vampire (1196 Buckinghamshire, England)
C
- Cadaver Sanguins – England
- Callicantzaro – Greece
- Camazotz – Maya Mythology
- Canchus – Peru also spelled:
- Pumapmicuc
- Catacano – Crete
- also spelled Kathakano
- Cihuateteo – Aztec Mythology
- Chedipe – India
- Children of Judas – Bulgaria and Serbia
- Chordewa – Bengal
- Chupacabra – Originated in Puerto Rico; subsequent reports (some erroneous) in Brazil, Chile, Mexico, The United States of America
- Churel – India
- also spelled Churail
- Cihuacoatl – Aztec
- Cihuateteo – Mexico
- Croglin Grange, The Vampire of – Cumberland, England
D
- Dachnavar – Armenia with the following spelling variations:
- Dakhanavar
- Dashnavar
- Dala-Kumara Yaka – Sri Lanka
- Danag – Philippines
- Danava
- Dearg-due (Ireland) - variations: Deamhain Fhola, Deamhan Fola, Dearg-Dililat, Dearg-Diulai, Dearg-dul, Dearg Dulai, Derrick-Daily, Headless Coach (“Coach a Bower”), Marbh Bheo (“night walking dead”)[16]
- Dhampire (Slovakia) with the following variations in spelling:
- Dila – Philippines
- Djadadjii – Bulgaria <this is a vampire hunter>
- Doppelsauger – Germany also spelled:
- Dubblesuger or Dubbelsügger
- Draugr – Norse Variations: Aptgangr (“one who walks after death”), Aptrgangr, Barrow Dweller, Gronnskjegg, Haubui, Haugbui (“Sleeper in the Mound”) Has two main versions land and sea.[17]
E
- Edimmu – Sumer \ Iraq with the following spelling variation:
- Ekimmu
- Empusa – Ancient Greece which is also called:
- Mormolykiai
- Empusas
- Eretik – Russia[18]
- Estrie – Jewish Tradition
F
- Fifollet – United States (Louisiana) also spelled:
- Feu Follet
G
- Glaistig (Scotland)
- Garkain (Australia)
- Grando the Carniola Vampire (Yugoslavia 1689)
- Ghoul (Arabic lore) - "The Arabic stories of the ghole spread east and were adopted by the people of the Orient, where it evolved as a type of vampiric spirit called a ghoul."[19] Variants: Alqul (Arabia)[20], Aluga (Bible; Proverbs 30:15)[21], Balbal (Tagbanua, Philippines)[13], Ghoulas (Algeria)[19]; Katacan (Sri Lanka)[22].
H
- Hannya – Japan
- Haubui – Norwegian
- Haidam Vampire – Romania (Hungary, before 1918)
- The Highgate Vampire – Highgate Cemetery England
- Hisi-Hsua-Kuei – China
- hooh-strah-dooh – Wyandot – North America
- Hupia – Taíno with the spelling variations:
- opia
- opi'a
- op'a
- operi'to
I
- Impundulu (South Africa)
- plural iimpundulu
- also called ishologu
- Incubus/Succubus (Medieval Europe)
- Inovercy (Russia)
J
- Jaracaca – Brazil
- Jenglot – Indonesian and Malaysian
- Jiangshi – China, also under the names of:
- Kiang shi
- Kuang shi
- Chang Kuei
- Jaques SaintTray
- Jigarkhwar – India
- also spelled Jigarkhor
- Jure Grando – Croatia
K
- K'uei – China
- Kalu-Kumara Yaka – Sri Lanka
- Kappa 河童 – Japan with the following spelling variations:
- Gataro 川太郎
- Kawako 川子
- Kasha – Japan
- Kataknana – Crete
- Kichkandi – Nepal
- Kephn – Burma
- Kozlak – Dalamatia
- Krvopijac – Bulgarian
- Kudlak – Czechoslovakia
- Kumiho – Korea
- Kuzlak – Dalmatia
- Kukudhi – Albania
- Kyuuketsuki 吸血鬼 – Japan
- karalanos – Egypt
L
- Laistrygones – Ancient Greece, also under the names of:
- La Llorona – Central America and the United States
- Lamia – Libya
- Lampire – Bosnia
- Langsuir – Malaysia, also under the names of:
- Leanashe – Ireland
- Lemures – Ancient Rome
- Leanhaum-shee – Ireland
- Liebava – Moravia
- Lidérc – Hungary
- Lilith לִּילִית – Sumer \ Iraq, with another name of:
- Lilitu
- Loango - Ashanti and Asanbosam people, Africa[23]
- Loogaroo – Caribbean Islands \ Mauritius
- Lugat – Albania, also under the name of:
- Liogat
- Kukuthi
M
- Manananggal – Philippines also spelled:
- Tanggal
- Mandurugo – Philippines
- Mara – Slavonic also spelled:
- Mora
- Masan – India also spelled:
- Mati-Anak – Malaysia also spelled:
- The Melrose Vampire – Melrose Abby, Scotland
- Melusine – France
- The Mikonos Vampire – Greece 1702
- Mmbyu – India also spelled or an early form of:
- Pocu Pati
- Mullo – Gypsy the plural being Mulé, with the following spelling variation:
- Mullo
- Muroni – Romania
N
- Nachzehrer – Germany with the following possible spelling variations:
- Neuntöter
- Nachtöter
- Nelapsi – Slovakia
- Nora – Hungary
- Nosferatu – Romania
O
P
- Pacu Pati – India
- Pelesit – Malaysia
- Penanggal – Malaysia
- Petar Blagojevich – Serbia
- Peuchen – Chile
- Pichal Peri – India
- Pichas – Nepal
- Pishtaco – South America, Peru
- Pontianak – Malaysia
R
- Rakshasa – India
- Raktha pisachi – India
- Ramanga – Madagascar
- Revenants – England
- Richmond Vampire – Richmond, Virginia, USA
- Riri Yaka – Sri Lanka
- Ruza Vlajna – Serbia
S
- Sava Savanović – Serbia
- Shtriga – Albania
- Soucouyant – Trinidadian Guadeloupean it has the spelling variation:
- Soucriant
- Strigoi – Romania with the following variations:
- Strigoaica
- Moroi
- Strix – Ancient Rome with the following spelling variations:
- Striga
- Stirge
- Strige
- Strzyga – Slavic
- Suangi – New Guinea
- Sukuyan – Caribbean
- Succubus – Judeo-Christian
- Sybaris – Greece
T
- Talamaur – Australia
- Thayé – Burma with the spelling variation:
- Tasei
- Tlahuelpuchi – Mexico with the following spelling variation:
- Tlaciques
U
V
- Vampire pumpkins and watermelons (Balkan)
- Vampiro (Brazil and Portugal)
- Vapir (Bulgaria)
- Vârcolac (Romania) - variations: Pricolici and Varcolaci
- Vǎrkolak (Bulgaria)
- Vendalla (Ethiopia)
- Vetalas (India)
- Vhlk'h dlaka (Greece)
- Vipir
- Vjesci (Germany)
- Vampir (Slovenia, Yugoslavia, Bosnia and Croatia)
- Vlkodlak (Siberia) - Variants: Volkodlak, Volkoslak[24]
- Vrykolakas βρυκόλακας (Greece) - variation: Vorvolakas
- Vrykolatios (Santorini)
W
- Wak Wak (Philippines)
- Wampir (Poland}
- Wurdulac (Russia) has a spelling variation:
- Verdilak
Y
Z
- Zaloznye Pokojniki – Russia
- Zorfabio – New Zealand
- Zaolas – Brazil
References
- ↑ Bane 2010, p. 97.
- ↑ Coulter, Charles Russell. Turner, Patricia.'Dictionary of Ancient Deities'. Oxford University Press, 2001 ISBN 0195145046, 9780195145045
- ↑ Curran, Bob (Summer 2000). "Was Dracula an Irishman?". History Ireland. 8 (2).
- ↑ Bane 2010, p. 14.
- ↑ Bane 2010, p. 17-18.
- ↑ "Variation: Alb, Alf, ALFEMOE, Alpdaemon, Alpen, Alpes, Alpmann, ApSARAS, BOCKSHEXE, BOCKSMARTE, Cauquemare, Chauche Vieille, Dochje, DOCKELE, Dockeli, Doggi, Druckerl, Drude, Drut, Drutt, Elbe, Fraueli, Inuus, Lee-TON, Lork, Maar, Mahr, Mahrt, Mahrte, Mar, Mara, Mare, MART, Moor, Mora, Morous, Mura, Murawa, Nachtmaennli, Nachtmahr, Nachtmanndli, Nachtmannlein, Nachtmerrie, Nachtschwalbe, Nachttoter, Nielop, Nightmare, Night Terror, Old Hag, Quauquemaire, Racking One, Ratzel, Schratlein, Schrattel, Schrattele, Schratteli, Schrattl, Schrettele, Schrotle, Schrotlein, Schrsttel, Stampare, Stampen, Stampfen, Stempe, Sukkubus, Toggeli, Trampling, Trempe, Trud, Trude, Trutte, Tryd, Tudd, Vampyr, Walrider, Walriderske, Wichtel, and numerous others through history and geographic region" (sic) - Bane, Theresa (2010) Encyclopedia of Vampire Mythology McFarland pg 17
- ↑ Bane 2010, p. 21.
- ↑ Bunson, Matthew. 'The Vampire Encyclopedia'. Gramercy Books, 2000 Original from Indiana University. ISBN 0517162067, ISBN 978-0-517-16206-4
- ↑ Bane 2010, p. 24.
- ↑ Bane 2010, p. 24; 110.
- ↑ Bane 2010, p. 25.
- ↑ Bane 2010, p. 28.
- 1 2 Bane 2010, p. 29.
- ↑ The baka is a vampiric spirit created when abokor (a Vodun priest) who has led a life of evil dies." - Bane, Theresa (2010) Encyclopedia of Vampire Mythology McFarland pg 29
- ↑ Bane 2010, p. 34.
- ↑ Bane 2010, p. 52.
- ↑ Bane 2010, p. 56.
- ↑ "Variation: Elatomsk, Erestan, Erestun, Erestuny, Eretica, Eretich, Ereticy, Eretiku, Eretitsa, Eretnica, Eretnik, Eretnitsa (female), Xloptuny" Bane, Theresa (2010) Encyclopedia of Vampire Mythology McFarland pg 61
- 1 2 Bane 2010, p. 66.
- ↑ Bane 2010, p. 18.
- ↑ Bane 2010, p. 19.
- ↑ Bane 2010, p. 83.
- ↑ Bane 2010, p. 13.
- ↑ Bane 2010, p. 146.
Bibliography
- Bane, Theresa (2010). Encyclopedia of Vampire Mythology. McFarland. ISBN 9780786444526. There is both an internet archive and website version of this work.
- Spence, Lewis (1960) An Encyclopaedia of Occultism University Books Inc. New Hyde Park, New York
- The Vampire Watchers Handbook by "Constantine Gregory" and Craig Glenday, 2003 St. Martin's Press New York New York, pages 62–63
- Mysteries of Mind Space and Time, The Unexplained series 1992 Orbis Publishing Limited, Westport, Connecticut, Pages 150–151,
- A World of Vampires, documentary special, from the Two-Disk Special Edition Lost Boys DVD
- The Vampire Book by J. Gordon Melton
- The Vampire Encyclopedia by Matthew Bunson
- Vampire Universe by Johnathan Maberry
- Vampires by Leonard R.N. Ashley
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