List of ants of Andorra
Seventy-five ant species have been recorded in Andorra, a small landlocked country located in the heart of the Pyrenees and bordered by Spain and France. The country covers an area of approximately 468 km2 (181 sq mi).[1][2] The ant fauna of Andorra is mostly dominated by Central European species (some are typical cold climate specialists); however species belonging to the Mediterranean ant fauna are also found. This can be explained by the particular geographic situation of Andorra which is characterized by a high mountain Mediterranean climate.[3]
With 75 species recorded, the ant fauna of Andorra can be considered as highly diverse, especially considering the size of the country.[4] The species are distributed across 21 genera belonging to 4 subfamilies (Dolichoderinae, Formicinae, Myrmicinae, Ponerinae). The most speciose subfamily was Myrmicinae and the most speciose genus was Formica with 36 and 14 species respectively.[5] The number of ant species collected represents more than one third of the number of species found in France (213) species[6] and about a quarter of the total number of species recorded in the Iberian Peninsula (299 species).[7] When considered at the scale of the Pyrenees, Andorra contains about 88% of the ant species recorded in these mountains above an altitude of 1,000 m (about 85 species).[4][8]
This checklist is based on Bernadou et al. (2013), who notes that the total number of species could actually be somewhat higher. Very few parasitic species are recorded and they could probably be found with a higher sampling effort, and based on what is known from the ant fauna of France and Spain, some genera can be expected to be richer (e.g. Temnothorax, Camponotus).[4]
Species
| Subfamily | Species | Author citation | Image | Ref(s) |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Dolichoderinae | Dolichoderus quadripunctatus | (Linnaeus, 1771) |  | C |
| Dolichoderinae | Tapinoma erraticum | (Latreille, 1798) |  | A B C E K |
| Dolichoderinae | Tapinoma madeirense | Forel, 1895 | N/A | N |
| Formicinae | Camponotus aethiops | (Latreille, 1798) |  | C |
| Formicinae | Camponotus cruentatus | (Latreille, 1802) | .jpg) | C |
| Formicinae | Camponotus herculeanus | (Linnaeus, 1758) |  | A B E |
| Formicinae | Camponotus lateralis | (Olivier, 1792) |  | N |
| Formicinae | Camponotus ligniperda | (Latreille, 1802) |  | A B C E I |
| Formicinae | Camponotus piceus | (Leach, 1825) |  | N |
| Formicinae | Camponotus truncatus | (Spinola, 1808) |  | C |
| Formicinae | Formica decipiens | Bondroit, 1918 | N/A | A B E |
| Formicinae | Formica exsecta | Nylander, 1846 |  | N |
| Formicinae | Formica foreli | Bondroit, 1918 |  | A B E |
| Formicinae | Formica frontalis | Santschi, 1919 | N/A | A B E |
| Formicinae | Formica fusca | Linnaeus, 1758 |  | A B C E G |
| Formicinae | Formica gerardi | Bondroit, 1917 | N/A | C |
| Formicinae | Formica lemani | Bondroit, 1917 | N/A | A B E |
| Formicinae | Formica lugubris | Zetterstedt, 1838 |  | A B E I |
| Formicinae | Formica picea | Nylander, 1846 |  | A B E |
| Formicinae | Formica pratensis | Retzius, 1783 |  | A B E |
| Formicinae | Formica pressilabris | Nylander, 1846 |  | A B E |
| Formicinae | Formica rufa | Linnaeus, 1761 |  | A B E G |
| Formicinae | Formica rufibarbis | Fabricius, 1793 |  | A B C E I |
| Formicinae | Formica sanguinea | Latreille, 1798 |  | A B E |
| Formicinae | Lasius alienus | (Förster, 1850) |  | A B C E |
| Formicinae | Lasius brunneus | (Latreille, 1798) |  | C E |
| Formicinae | Lasius distinguendus | (Emery, 1916) |  | C H |
| Formicinae | Lasius flavus | (Fabricius, 1782) |  | A B E |
| Formicinae | Lasius fuliginosus | (Latreille, 1798) |  | E |
| Formicinae | Lasius grandis | Forel, 1909 | N/A | A B C E F |
| Formicinae | Lasius mixtus | (Nylander, 1846) |  | A B C E |
| Formicinae | Lasius niger | (Linnaeus, 1758) |  | I |
| Formicinae | Lasius paralienus | Seifert, 1992 |  | D E |
| Formicinae | Lasius piliferus | Seifert, 1992 | N/A | N |
| Formicinae | Lasius platythorax | Seifert, 1991 |  | E |
| Formicinae | Plagiolepis pygmaea | (Latreille, 1798) |  | C |
| Formicinae | Plagiolepis xene | Stärcke, 1936 | N/A | C |
| Myrmicinae | Aphaenogaster gibbosa | (Latreille, 1798) | N/A | N |
| Myrmicinae | Aphaenogaster subterranea | (Latreille, 1798) |  | C |
| Myrmicinae | Crematogaster scutellaris | (Olivier, 1791) |  | C |
| Myrmicinae | Leptothorax acervorum | (Fabricius, 1793) |  | A B E |
| Myrmicinae | Leptothorax muscorum | (Nylander, 1846) |  | A B E |
| Myrmicinae | Messor structor | (Latreille, 1798) |  | C |
| Myrmicinae | Myrmecina graminicola | (Latreille, 1802) |  | C |
| Myrmicinae | Myrmica lobulicornis | Nylander, 1857 |  | A B E |
| Myrmicinae | Myrmica rubra | (Linnaeus, 1758) |  | A B E J |
| Myrmicinae | Myrmica ruginodis | Nylander, 1846 |  | A B E I |
| Myrmicinae | Myrmica sabuleti | Meinert, 1861 |  | A B E |
| Myrmicinae | Myrmica scabrinodis | Nylander, 1846 |  | A B E L |
| Myrmicinae | Myrmica schencki | Emery, 1895 |  | A B E |
| Myrmicinae | Myrmica specioides | Bondroit, 1918 |  | A B C E |
| Myrmicinae | Myrmica spinosior | Santschi, 1931 | N/A | C |
| Myrmicinae | Myrmica sulcinodis | Nylander, 1846 |  | A B E |
| Myrmicinae | Myrmica wesmaeli | Bondroit, 1918 | N/A | A B E |
| Myrmicinae | Pheidole pallidula | (Nylander, 1849) |  | C |
| Myrmicinae | Pyramica tenuipilis | (Emery, 1915) | N/A | C H |
| Myrmicinae | Solenopsis sp. | Westwood, 1840 |  | C |
| Myrmicinae | Stenamma striatulum | Emery, 1895 |  | C H |
| Myrmicinae | Strongylognathus testaceus | (Schenck, 1852) |  | A B E |
| Myrmicinae | Temnothorax affinis | (Mayr, 1855) |  | A B C E |
| Myrmicinae | Temnothorax gredosi | (Espadaler & Collingwood, 1982) | N/A | A B E |
| Myrmicinae | Temnothorax kraussei | (Emery, 1916) | N/A | C H |
| Myrmicinae | Temnothorax lichtensteini | (Bondroit, 1918) | N/A | N |
| Myrmicinae | Temnothorax nadigi | (Kutter, 1925) | N/A | E |
| Myrmicinae | Temnothorax niger | (Forel, 1894) | N/A | N |
| Myrmicinae | Temnothorax nigriceps | (Mayr, 1855) |  | N |
| Myrmicinae | Temnothorax nylanderi | (Förster, 1850) | N/A | A B E |
| Myrmicinae | Temnothorax parvulus | (Schenck, 1852) |  | E |
| Myrmicinae | Temnothorax rabaudi | (Bondroit, 1918) | N/A | C |
| Myrmicinae | Temnothorax tuberum | (Fabricius, 1775) |  | A B E |
| Myrmicinae | Temnothorax unifasciatus | (Latreille, 1798) |  | A B C E |
| Myrmicinae | Tetramorium impurum | (Förster, 1850) |  | A B C E H |
| Myrmicinae | Tetramorium pyrenaeicum | Röszler, 1936 | N/A | M |
| Ponerinae | Hypoponera punctatissima | (Roger, 1859) |  | C H [lower-alpha 1] |
| Ponerinae | Ponera coarctata | (Latreille, 1802) |  | C |
Notes
- ↑ Hypoponera eduardi was misidentified with Hypoponera punctatissima in Espadaler, Pujade-Villar & Bernadou (2008).[9]
References
- ↑ "CIA World Factbook entry: Andorra". Cia.gov. Retrieved 27 November 2015.
- ↑ Bernadou, Fourcassié & Espadaler 2013, p. 14
- ↑ Bernadou, Fourcassié & Espadaler 2013, p. 13
- 1 2 3 Bernadou, Fourcassié & Espadaler 2013, p. 19
- ↑ Bernadou, Fourcassié & Espadaler 2013, p. 16
- ↑ Casevitz-Weulersse, J.; Galkowski, C. (2009). "Liste actualisée des Fourmis de France (Hymenoptera, Formicidae)" (PDF). Bulletin de la Société entomologique de France. 114 (4): 475–510.
- ↑ Gómez, K. (2012) "Archived copy". Archived from the original on 2013-10-29. Retrieved 2013-10-25. Accessed 25 August 2012.
- ↑ Espadaler, X. (1979) "Contribución al conocimiento de los Formícidos (Hymenoptera, Formicidae) del Pirineo Catalán." PhD Thesis, Universidad Autónoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain. [updated]
- ↑ Bernadou, Fourcassié & Espadaler 2013, p. 17
- Checklist references
- A: Bernadou, A.; Latil, G.; Fourcassié, V.; Espadaler, X. (2006a). "Etude des communautés de fourmis d'une vallée andorrane". Colloque Annuel de la Section française de l'UIEIS, Avignon. 2006: 1–4.
- B: Bernadou, A.; Latil, G.; Fourcassié, V.; Espadaler, X. (2006b). "Les formigues de la Vall del Madriu-Perafita-Claror: diversitat i distribució". Hàbitats. 13: 10–21.
- C: Espadaler, X.; Pujade-Villar, J.; Bernadou, A. (2008). "Contribució al coneixement de la taxonomia i la fenologia de les formigues (Hymenoptera: Formicidae) d'Andorra". Butlletí de l'Institució Catalana d'Història Natural. 74: 81–90.
- D: Bernadou, A.; Galkowski, C.; Le Goff, A.; Fourcassié, V.; Espadaler, X. (2010). "First record of Lasius paralienus Seifert, 1992 (Hymenoptera: Formicidae) from France and Andorra" (PDF). Myrmecological News. 13: 111–113.
- E: Bernadou, A. (2009). Du micro-paysage au paysage : approche éthologique et écologique de l'impact des hétérogénéités spatiales du milieu sur les fourmis. PhD thesis, Université de Toulouse, Toulouse, France (Thesis).
- F: Seifert, B. (1992). "A taxonomic revision of the Palaeartic members of the ant subgenus Lasius s. str. (Hymenoptera: Formicidae)". Abhandlungen und Berichte des Naturkundemuseums Görlitz. 66: 1–67.
- G: Santschi, F. (1919). "Fourmis d'Espagne et des Canaries". Boletín de la Real Sociedad Española de Historia Natural. 19: 241–248.
- H: Espadaler X. (1997). "Catàleg de les formigues (Hymenoptera, Formicidae) dels Països Catalans. Sessió Conjunta d'Entomologia Institució Catalana d'Història Natural - Societat Catalana de Lepidopterologia" (PDF). 9: 23–42.
- I: Collingwood, C.A.; Yarrow, I.H.H. (1969). "A survey of Iberian Formicidae". Eos. 44: 53–101.
- J: Leppänen, J.; Vepsäläinen, K.; Savolainen, R. (2011). "Phylogeography of the ant Myrmica rubra and its inquiline social parasite". Ecology and Evolution. 1: 46–62. doi:10.1002/ece3.6.
- K: Cournault, L.; Aron, S. (2009). "Diploid males, diploid sperm production and triploid females in the ant Tapinoma erraticum". Naturwissenschaften. 96: 1393–1400. doi:10.1007/s00114-009-0590-1. PMID 19641895.
- L: Bagherian, Y.A.; Münch, W.; Seifert, B. (2012). "A first demonstration of interspecific hybridization in Myrmica ants by geometric morphometrics (Hymenoptera: Formicidae)" (PDF). Myrmecological News. 17: 121–131. Archived from the original (PDF) on 2013-10-29.
- M: Röszler, P. (1951). "Myrmecologisches aus dem Jahre 1938. Zoologischer Anzeiger 146: 88–96. Santschi F (1919) Fourmis d'Espagne et des Canaries". Boletín de la Real Sociedad Española de Historia Natural. 19: 241–248.
- N: Bernadou, A.; Fourcassié, V.; Espadaler, X. (2013). "A preliminary checklist of the ants (Hymenoptera, Formicidae) of Andorra". ZooKeys. 277: 13–23. doi:10.3897/zookeys.277.4684.
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