List of Polish Jews

From the Middle Ages until the World War II Holocaust, Jews comprised an appreciable part of the general Polish population. The Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth, known as a "Jewish paradise" for its religious tolerance, had attracted tens of thousands of Jews who fled persecution from other European countries—though, at times, discrimination against Jews surfaced in Poland, as it did elsewhere in Europe. Poland was a major spiritual and cultural center for Ashkenazi Jews.

At the start of the Second World War, Poland had the largest Jewish population in the world (over 3.3 million, some 10% of the general Polish population).[1] The vast majority were killed in the Holocaust during the German occupation of Poland, under the Nazi "Final Solution" mass-extermination program. Only 369,000 (11%) of Poland's Jews survived the War.

Since massive postwar emigration, the Polish-Jewish population has stood at somewhere between 50,000 and 200,000.

The list below includes persons of Jewish faith or ancestry.

Historical figures

Politicians

Others

Graves of Polish Jews among the fallen soldiers of the Polish Defensive War of 1939; Powązki Cemetery, Warsaw

Sovereign Polish Armed Forces

  • Berek Joselewicz, Polish-Jewish Colonel in the Polish Legions of Napoleon's armies
  • Bernard Mond, member of the Austrio--Hungarian Army, 1914-1918; Polish soldier and officer, 1918-1939; sent to POW camp by the Germans; finished his career in the rank of Brigade General and, in command of the 6th Infantry Division (Poland), fought against the Germans in 1939
  • Poldek Pfefferberg, Polish soldier in 1939 saved from death by his sergeant major; Holocaust survivor; a man who inspired the book that the film Schindler's List was based on
  • Baruch Steinberg, Chief Rabbi of the Polish Armed Forces, murdered by the Soviet NKVD

Religious figures

  • Jacob ben Wolf Kranz, preacher (meggid) from Dubno
  • Philip Ferdinand, professor of Hebrew[18]
  • Christian David Ginsburg (1831–1914), Hebraist, converted to Christianity[19]
  • Aaron Hart (1670–1756), rabbi[20]
  • Ridley Haim Herschell (1807-1864), missionary; moved to England[21]
  • Romuald Jakub Weksler-Waszkinel (b. 1943), Catholic priest[22]
  • Elijah Ba'al Shem of Chelm[23] (1550-1583), co-signer of the Agunah laws; chief rabbi of Chelm
  • Rav Moshe Adler HaCohen, Talmudic scholar from Tuszyn, Poland
  • Rav Avraham Adler HaCohen, Talmudic scholar from Tuszyn, Poland
  • Rav Chaim Adler HaCohen, Talmudic scholar from Warsaw, Poland
  • Rabbi Leib Eliyahu Adler HaCohen, rabbi and Talmudic scholar from Frankfurt, Germany, moved to Warsaw
  • Rabbi Avraham Karpf, Chief Rabbi of Staszow, and Talmudic scholar
  • Rav Jankiel Mordechai Bajczer, Rosh Yeshiva in Staszow, Poland, and Talmudic scholar

Academics

Economists

Mathematicians

Philosophers

Sciences

Historians

Cultural figures

Artists

Musicians

Screen and stage

Writers and poets

Polish-language

Yiddish-language

Business figures

Sports

Baseball

Chess

Fencing

Football

Professional wrestling

Swimming

Track and field

  • Myer Prinstein, Olympic long-jumper from Szczuczyn, Poland
  • Irena Szewińska, sprinter and long jumper; world records in 100-m, 200-m, and 400-m; three-time Olympic champion, plus four medals (for a total of seven Olympic medals)
  • Jadwiga Wajs, two world records (discus); Olympic silver and bronze (discus)

Weightlifting

  • Ben Helfgott, Polish-born, three-time British champion (lightweight), three-time Maccabiah champion; survived Buchenwald and Theresienstadt; all but one family member was killed by the Nazis

Holocaust survivors

See also

References

  1. ↑ "Poland Virtual Jewish History Tour". Jewish Virtual Library. American-Israeli Cooperative Enterprise.
  2. ↑ Menachem Begin - Biography
  3. ↑ David Ben-Gurion The First Prime Minister
  4. ↑ The Political Graveyard: Index to Politicians: Burton
  5. ↑ PRZEKRÓJ - Trzeci Kaczyński
  6. ↑ Catholic Encyclopedia: Julian Klaczko
  7. ↑ RP.pl: David Miliband
  8. ↑ Factmonster: Namier
  9. ↑ Shimon Peres - Biography
  10. ↑ Yitzhak Shamir - Britannica Online Encyclopedia
  11. ↑ Notes for an Autobiography
  12. ↑ Looking for The Political Graveyard?
  13. ↑ Canadian Jewish News
  14. ↑ Gaspar da Gama
  15. ↑ Tributes to Sir Hersch Lauterpacht Archived 2005-09-05 at the Wayback Machine.
  16. ↑ Annette Insdorf (1987-05-31). "Rosa Luxemburg: More Than a Revolutionary". The New York Times.
  17. ↑ Communist Party of Canada (Marxist–Leninist)
  18. ↑ Concise Dictionary of National Biography: born in Poland of Jewish parents
  19. ↑ British Dictionary of National Biography
  20. ↑ Jewish Encyclopedia Archived 2008-09-28 at the Wayback Machine.
  21. 1 2 Concise Dictionary of National Biography
  22. ↑ Ha'aretz: Jewish Born Polish Priest Dreams of Aliyah
  23. ↑ Jewish Encyclopedia: Elijah Ba'al Shem
  24. ↑ Jewish Nobel Prize Winners
  25. ↑ Encyclopaedia Judaica, Jacob Talmon
  26. ↑ The Mendele Review: Yiddish Literature and Language
  27. ↑ Richard McBee, “Itshak Holtz: Jewish Genre Painting,” The Jewish Press, July 4, 2003.
  28. ↑ Kirshenblatt, Mayer and Barbara Kirshenblatt-Gimblett. They called me Mayer July: Painted memories of a Jewish childhood in Poland before the Holocaust. University of California Press. Los Angeles:2007.
  29. ↑ British Concise Dictionary of National Biography
  30. ↑ Stars of David Audio Encyclopedia
  31. ↑ Dia-Pozytyw: Ludzie Sylwetki Biografie
  32. ↑ Dia-Pozytyw: Ludzie Sylwetki Biografie
  33. ↑ http://www.yivoencyclopedia.org/article.aspx/Ford_Aleksander
  34. ↑ Hoberman, J. "Cinema." YIVO Encyclopedia of Jews in Eastern Europe 2 August 2010.<http://www.yivoencyclopedia.org/article.aspx/Cinema>. Accessed 7 July 2012.
  35. ↑ http://www.yivoencyclopedia.org/article.aspx/Cinema
  36. ↑ Cohen, Roger (1993-08-08). "Holland Without a Country". The New York Times. Retrieved 2011-09-13.
  37. ↑ Jewish Film Festival
  38. ↑ Jewish Film Festival
  39. ↑ IMBD: Roman Polanski
  40. ↑ Jewish Women's Archive
  41. ↑ Piotr Skrzynecki
  42. ↑ "British Express Concern About Fate of Jerzy Toeplitz, Polish Film Figure." Jewish Telegraphic Agency 20 May 1968.
  43. ↑ Hoberman, J. "Cinema." YIVO Encyclopedia of Jews in Eastern Europe 2 August 2010.<http://www.yivoencyclopedia.org/article.aspx/Cinema>. Accessed 7 July 2012.
  44. ↑ Jewish Film Festival
  45. ↑ Samuel Blumenfeld, L'homme qui voulait être prince: les vies imaginaires de Michal Waszynski (Paris: B. Grasset, 2006).
  46. ↑ Dia-Pozytyw: Ludzie Sylwetki Biografie
  47. ↑ Kazimierz Brandys - Britannica Online Encyclopedia
  48. ↑ YIVO: Boleslaw Lesmian
  49. ↑ List Teodora Parnickiego do Jerzego Giedroycia
  50. ↑ Encyclopaedia Judaica, art. Stern, Anatol
  51. ↑ David Frum on National Review Online
  52. ↑ Aleksander Wat: Life and Art of an Iconoclast
  53. ↑ Dia-Pozytyw: Ludzie Sylwetki Biografie
  54. 1 2 3 4 Classical Yiddish Authors
  55. ↑ "Candia, Isaac B. Saul Chmelniker - JewishEncyclopedia.com". www.jewishencyclopedia.com. Retrieved 2017-09-05.
  56. ↑ Warsaw Stories: Peretz
  57. ↑ YIVO: Aleksander Zederbaum
  58. ↑ Dia-Pozytyw: Ludzie Sylwetki Biografie
  59. ↑ Dia-Pozytyw: Ludzie Sylwetki Biografie
  60. ↑ Tom Gross Mideast Media Archive: Henry Orenstein
  61. ↑ Dia-Pozytyw: Ludzie Sylwetki Biografie
  62. ↑ Dia-Pozytyw: Ludzie Sylwetki Biografie
  63. ↑ Dia-Pozytyw: Ludzie Sylwetki Biografie
  64. ↑ Encyclopaedia Judaica; immigrated to France
  65. ↑ Ezra Mendelsohn (2009). Jews and the Sporting Life: Studies in Contemporary Jewry XXIII. Oxford University Press. ISBN 0-19-538291-9. Retrieved December 24, 2010.
  66. ↑ Eldad Beck (August 9, 2010). "Anti-Semitism feared ahead of Euro 2012". European Jewish Congress. Archived from the original on July 31, 2012. Retrieved December 24, 2010.
  67. ↑ Tom Archdeacon (April 26, 1998). "Memories never dim from Games of Shame; Message of "Nazi Olympics'still vital". The Denver Post. Retrieved December 24, 2010.
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