Libo Rupilius Frugi

Libo Rupilius Frugi (died 101), whose full name was Lucius Scribonius Libo Rupilius Frugi Bonus, was a Roman suffect consul and a possible ancestor of the emperor Marcus Aurelius.

He was one of the sons and among the children born to Marcus Licinius Crassus Frugi (consul 64) with his wife Sulpicia Praetextata, daughter of the suffect consul in 46, Quintus Sulpicius Camerinus Peticus^[1] and a grandson of Marcus Licinius Crassus Frugi, who had been consul in 27 and Scribonia. His brother Gaius Calpurnius Piso Crassus Frugi Licinianus^[1] had been a consul in 87.^[1]^[2] The father of Frugi was executed by the emperor Nero between 66 and 68, because of information brought against him by Marcus Aquilius Regulus.^[3] After the death of his father, his mother took him with his siblings, to a Senate meeting in 70 early in the reign of Vespasian, seeking vengeance for his father’s death.^[3] Regulus and his associates were prosecuted by the Senate.^[4]

According to the Augustan History, Frugi was of consular rank and refers to him as a former consul.^[5] Frugi served as a suffect consul in 88.^[2] Pliny the Younger reports him speaking aggressively in the Senate in 101.^[6]

It has been argued that Frugi married the niece of the emperor Trajan, Salonina Matidia, as her third husband. If so, Frugi and Matidia had a daughter called Rupilia Faustina.^[7] In any case, Rupilia Faustina became the paternal grandmother of Marcus Aurelius.^[5]^[8]

Nerva–Antonine family tree

Notes

1 2 3 Vasily Rudich, Political Dissidence Under Nero: The Price of Dissimulation, Routledge
1 2 Brian W. Jones, The Emperor Domitian, pp. 165-6. Routledge
1 2 J. Shelton, The Women of Pliny's Letters, p. 153. Routledge, 2013
↑ S.H. Rutledge, Imperial Inquisitions: Prosecutors and Informants from Tiberius to Domitian (Google eBook), p. 119. Routledge, 2002
1 2 Augustan History, Marcus Aurelius, 1.4, where Rupili Boni is emended to Rupili Libonis
↑ Pliny the Younger, Epistulae 3.9.33
↑ Matidia the Elder, from Livius.org.
↑ "Libo Frugi's wife is unknown, but J. Carcopino, REA 51 (1949) 262 ff. argued that she was Matidia. This was supported by H.-G. Pflaum, HAC 1963 (1964) 106 f. However, Schumacher, Priesterkollegien 195 points out that Libo Frugi's daughter Rupilia Faustina can hardly have been old enough, in that case, to be the mother of Marcus' father. The only way out would be to suppose that Matidia married Libo before her other two husbands; and was divorced from him (as he was still alive in 101). The theory becomes increasingly implausible." Anthony Richard Birley, Marcus Aurelius, p. 244

Political offices
Preceded by Decimus Plotius Grypus, and Lucius Minicius Rufus as suffect consuls	Suffect consul of the Roman Empire 88 with Quintus Ninnius Hasta	Succeeded by Marcus Otacilius Catulus, and Sextus Julius Sparsus as suffect consuls

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[9] Sister of Trajan's father: Giacosa (1977), p. 7.

[giac8-10] Giacosa (1977), p. 8.

[lev161-11] 1 2 Levick (2014), p. 161.

[12] Husband of Ulpia Marciana: Levick (2014), p. 161.

[giac7-13] 1 2 Giacosa (1977), p. 7.

[DIR_hadrian-14] 1 2 3 DIR contributor (Herbert W. Benario, 2000), "Hadrian".

[giac9-15] 1 2 Giacosa (1977), p. 9.

[16] Husband of Salonia Matidia: Levick (2014), p. 161.

[Smith_Servianus-17] Smith (1870), "Julius Servianus".

[18] Suetonius a possible lover of Sabina: One interpretation of HA Hadrianus 11:3

[Smith_1870a_p._319-19] Smith (1870), "Hadrian", pp. 319–322.

[20] Lover of Hadrian: Lambert (1984), p. 99 and passim; deification: Lamber (1984), pp. 2–5, etc.

[21] Julia Balbilla a possible lover of Sabina: A. R. Birley (1997), Hadrian, the Restless Emperor, p. 251, cited in Levick (2014), p. 30, who is sceptical of this suggestion.

[22] Husband of Rupilia Faustina: Levick (2014), p. 163.

[lev163-23] 1 2 3 4 Levick (2014), p. 163.

[lev162-24] 1 2 3 4 Levick (2014), p. 162.

[lev164-25] 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 Levick (2014), p. 164.

[26] Wife of M. Annius Verus: Giacosa (1977), p. 10.

[27] Wife of M. Annius Libo: Levick (2014), p. 163.

[giac10-28] 1 2 3 4 5 Giacosa (1977), p. 10.

[29] The epitomator of Cassius Dio (72.22) gives the story that Faustina the Elder promised to marry Avidius Cassius. This is also echoed in HA "Marcus Aurelius" 24.

[30] Husband of Ceionia Fabia: Levick (2014), p. 164.

[lev117-31] 1 2 3 Levick (2014), p. 117.

[Rudich-1] 1 2 3 Vasily Rudich, Political Dissidence Under Nero: The Price of Dissimulation, Routledge

[jones-2] 1 2 Brian W. Jones, The Emperor Domitian, pp. 165-6. Routledge

[shelton-3] 1 2 J. Shelton, The Women of Pliny's Letters, p. 153. Routledge, 2013

[rutledge-4] S.H. Rutledge, Imperial Inquisitions: Prosecutors and Informants from Tiberius to Domitian (Google eBook), p. 119. Routledge, 2002

[ha-5] 1 2 Augustan History, Marcus Aurelius, 1.4, where Rupili Boni is emended to Rupili Libonis

[6] Pliny the Younger, Epistulae 3.9.33

[7] Matidia the Elder, from Livius.org.

[8] "Libo Frugi's wife is unknown, but J. Carcopino, REA 51 (1949) 262 ff. argued that she was Matidia. This was supported by H.-G. Pflaum, HAC 1963 (1964) 106 f. However, Schumacher, Priesterkollegien 195 points out that Libo Frugi's daughter Rupilia Faustina can hardly have been old enough, in that case, to be the mother of Marcus' father. The only way out would be to suppose that Matidia married Libo before her other two husbands; and was divorced from him (as he was still alive in 101). The theory becomes increasingly implausible." Anthony Richard Birley, Marcus Aurelius, p. 244