Lai Chuanzhu

General
Lai Chuanzhu
赖传珠
陆军上将
Political Commissar of the Shenyang Military Region
In office
October 1959 – December 1965
Member of the National People's Congress
In office
1954–1965
Personal details
Born 3 April 1910
Gan County, Jiangxi, Qing dynasty, China
Died 24 December 1965 (1965-12-25) (aged 55)
Shenyang, Liaoning, China
Political party Communist Party of China
Awards
Military service
Allegiance  China
Service/branch PLA Ground Force
Years of service 1926–1965
Rank Ground Force General
Commands Chinese Workers' and Peasants' Red Army, Fourth Field Army
Battles/wars Second Sino-Japanese War, New Fourth Army incident, Chinese Civil War, Landing Operation on Hainan Island

Lai Chuanzhu (simplified Chinese: 赖传珠; traditional Chinese: 賴傳珠; pinyin: Lài Chuánzhū) (3 April 1910 – 24 December 1965) or Peng Ying (鹏英) was a general of the People's Liberation Army from Gan County, Jiangxi.

Lai joined the Communist Youth League of China in November 1926, the Chinese Communist Party in April 1927 and the Chinese Workers' and Peasants' Red Army in March 1928. Following outbreak of the Chinese Civil War, he was appointed as the 33rd Group Commander and Political Commissar in the Chinese Red Army, Chief of Staff of the 12th Division, Red Fifth Army's 37th Political Secretary, Vice Minister of the Organization Department of the Red Army and other key positions. He embarked on the Long March as the Acting Minister of the Provincial Committee of CPC Shaanxi-Gansu Region. During the Second Sino-Japanese War, he served as the New Fourth Army's Chief of Staff, Jiangbei Headquarters Chief of Staff. After the establishment of PRC, he was the Thirteenth Corps, Beijing and Shenyang Military Region's political commissar.

Biography

Early Revolutionary Years

After joining the Communist Youth League of China in November 1926, Lai went to Guidong County, Hunan to join the army under the command of Mao Zedong. Having ascended to key leadership position within the Fourth Army, he went on to participate in the Huangyang Boundary Battle in 1928.[1] As one of the divisional commanders of the New Fourth Army, he went on to attend the Gutian Congress. Lai suffered a facial wound during the First Encirclement Campaign against Jiangxi Soviet in January 1930.[2]

From December 1931 onward, he was appointed as the 13th Red Army Political Department's Secretary-General and 37th division political commissar, participating in the Ganzhou Campaign.[3] In March 1933, Lai has filled many roles, such as director of the 13th Division's Political Department and political commissar for the 5th and 13th Corps.[4] After participating in the Encirclement Campaigns, Lai embarked on the Long March in October 1934. With his arrival in Shanbei, he was made a deputy minister of the Soviet and concurrently was the political commissar for the region.[5]

Ye Ting and others at the New Fourth Army Jiangbei Headquarters in 1939. From left: Ye Ting, Lai Chuanzhu, Luo Binghui, Zhang Yunyi.

Second Sino-Japanese War (1936-1945)

In November 1937 Lai was transferred to the New Fourth Army as the Director of the General Staff Office. In 1939, New Fourth Army Commander Ye Ting and Lai brought the army out of the Dabie Mountains to rendezvous at the Jiangbei regions.[6] By October 1940, Lai was appointed as the central headquarters chief of staff. Following the New Fourth Army incident in 1941 and the consequent annihilation of the army, Lai was appointed as chief of staff to re-establish the New Fourth Army.[7][8] Thereafter, Lai assisted other commanders (Chen Yi, Liu Shaoqi, Zhang Yunyi, Rao Shushi among others) at the Central Anti-Japanese Base Command which resisted Japanese occupation.

Chinese Civil War (1945-1949)

In October 1945, Lai was appointed as the Shandong Field Army's column political commissar. In September 1947, he took part in the Liaoshen Campaign as the political commissar for the sixth column of the Southwest Army (later became a field army). During the campaign, Hong Yongsheng and him flanked and surrounded the Nationalist army group led by Liao Yaoxiang.[9] In November 1948, he was appointed as one of the Fourth Field Army's political commissar and led troops which besieged Beijing, forcing Fu Zuoyi to shift key troops to counter them.[10] Following the capture of Guangzhou in 14 October, Lai was appointed the Guangdong military region's first deputy political commissar.[11]

After the Establishment of the PRC

In December 1949, Lai and Deng Hua were tasked to head the Landing Operation on Hainan Island. In 1950, communist landing operations was conducted with forces equivalent to two armies albeit the absence of a navy and air force to support the troops landing in small wooden crafts.The landed forces surrounded Xue Yue's forces and captured Haikou. Xue Yue had no choice but to retreat to Taiwan, and the People's Liberation Army took control of the whole Hainan Peninsula.[12] This campaign was the first amphibious assault won by the PLA.[13]

In September 1950, Lai was made the deputy minister of the Central Military Commission's political cadre department, responsible for the 1955 PLA rank evaluation process. In 1955, he was awarded with the rank of general (shang jiang), Order of Bayi (First Class), Order of Independence and Freedom (First Class) and Order of Liberation (First Class). In October 1959, he was made the second political commissar of the Shenyang Military Region.[14] He is a member of the 1st, 2nd and 3rd Central Military Commission of the People's Republic of China and the National People's Congress. On 24 December 1965, Lai Chuanzhu died in Shenyang, China.[15]

References

  1. ↑ 永远的丰碑. 人民出版社. 2006. p. 62. ISBN 978-7-01-005416-2.
  2. ↑ "赖传珠" (in Chinese). 中国共产党新闻网. Retrieved 2015-03-10.
  3. ↑ 编审委员会（主任：杨得志） (1993). 中国工农红军第一方面军史 (in Chinese). 北京: 解放军出版社. p. 298. ISBN 978-7-5065-5396-4.
  4. ↑ 陈荣华 (1986). 中国革命史手册. 华中师范大学出版社. p. 448.
  5. ↑ 《萧劲光传》编写组 (2011). 萧劲光传 (in Chinese). 北京: 当代中国出版社. p. 79. ISBN 978-7-8017-0995-0.
  6. ↑ "新四军江北指挥部在庐江岁月" (in Chinese). 巢湖日报. 2009-06-08. Archived from the original on 2016-03-04.
  7. ↑ 毛泽东选集 (in Chinese). 第二卷. 北京: 人民出版社. 1991. p. 771. ISBN 978-7-01-000919-3.
  8. ↑ 军事科学院军事图书馆 (2000). 中国人民解放军全史（中国人民解放军组织沿革和各级领导成员名录） (in Chinese). 北京: 军事科学出版社. p. 498. ISBN 7801373154. 第十卷（下）.
  9. ↑ 张正隆 (2011). 一将难求——四野名将录 (in Chinese). 沈阳市沈河区二纬路23号: 白山出版社. p. 396. ISBN 978-7-8068-7898-9.
  10. ↑ 张明金、赵功德 (2006). 中国人民解放军历史上的70个军 (in Chinese). 北京: 解放军文艺出版社. p. 366. ISBN 978-7-5033-1940-2.
  11. ↑ 张明金、刘立勤 (2010). 中国人民解放军历史上的200个军区 (in Chinese). 北京: 解放军文艺出版社. p. 524. ISBN 978-7-5033-2252-5.
  12. ↑ 彭青林 (2010-10-18). "从解放战争到抗美援朝:毛主席选择邓华"放心"". 海南日报. Retrieved 2015-03-10.
  13. ↑ 罗印文 (1995). 邓华将军传 (in Chinese). 中共中央党校出版社. pp. 184–186. ISBN 9787503512254.
  14. ↑ 周鸿、朱汉国 主编, ed. (2000). 中国二十世纪纪事本末. 附卷·人物. 济南: 山东人民出版社. p. 725. ISBN 7-209-02403-4.
  15. ↑ 星火燎原编辑部 (2007). 中国人民解放军将帅名录. 第一卷. 北京: 解放军出版社. p. 155. ISBN 7-5065-5031-8.
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