L&YR Class 8

Lancashire & Yorkshire Railway Class 8 (first batch)
Type and origin
Power type Steam
Designer George Hughes
Builder Horwich Works
Order number Horwich Lot 60
Serial number Horwich 1009–1028
Build date June 1908 – March 1909
Total produced 20
Specifications
Configuration:
 ​
 • Whyte 4-6-0
 • UIC 2′C n4
Gauge 4 ft 8 1⁄2 in (1,435 mm)
Leading dia. 3 ft 0 1⁄2 in (0.927 m)
Driver dia. 6 ft 3 in (1.905 m)
Wheelbase
  • Coupled: 13 ft 7 in (4.14 m)
  • Loco: 25 ft 4 in (7.72 m)
Loco weight 77.05 long tons (78.29 t)
Fuel type Coal
Boiler pressure 180 lbf/in2 (1.24 MPa)
Heating surface 2,507 sq ft (232.9 m2)
Superheater (None)
Cylinders Four
Cylinder size 16 in × 26 in (406 mm × 660 mm)
Valve gear Joy
Valve type Slide valves
Train brakes Vacuum
Performance figures
Tractive effort 27,156 lbf (120.8 kN)
Career
Operators L&YR, LMS
Class L&YR: 8
Power class LMS: 3P
Numbers
  • L&YR: 1506–1525
  • LMS:10400–10404
Withdrawn 1925–1926
Disposition 15 rebuilt 1919–1920, remainder scrapped
Lancashire & Yorkshire Railway Class 8 (second batch)
Type and origin
Only items that differ are shown below
Power type Steam
Builder Horwich Works
Order number
  • L&YR Lots 79, 80, 81, 83
  • LMS Lot No. 1
Serial number Horwich 1319–1353, 1364–1383
Build date 1919–1925
Total produced
  • 15 rebuilt from first batch
  • 55 new
Specifications
Configuration:
 ​
 • UIC 2′C h4
Wheelbase Loco: 25 ft 7 in (7.80 m)
Loco weight 79.05 long tons (80.32 t)
Heating surface 1,686 sq ft (156.6 m2)
Superheater:
 ​
 • Type 28-element Top & Bottom
 • Heating area 552 sq ft (51.3 m2)
Cylinders Four
Cylinder size 16 1⁄2 in × 26 in (419 mm × 660 mm) or 15 3⁄4 in × 26 in (400 mm × 660 mm)
Valve gear Walschaers
Valve type Piston valves
Train brakes Vacuum
Performance figures
Tractive effort 28,880 lbf (128.5 kN) or 26,315 lbf (117.1 kN)
Career
Operators
Power class LMS: 5P
Numbers L&YR: 1506-1525 (excl 1507/8, 1512/3, 1515), 1649–1683
LMS:10405–10474
Withdrawn 1934–1951
Disposition All scrapped

The Lancashire and Yorkshire Railway class 8 was a four-cylinder 4-6-0 express passenger locomotive designed by George Hughes in 1908. These original locomotives were described as "poor performers" . They suffered coal consumption as high as 100 pounds per mile plus mechanical problems causing very poor reliability. Around the time of their construction, they were nicknamed "Dreadnoughts" on account of their large size, after the then-new Royal Navy battleship HMS Dreadnought.

Rebuilding

As designed, they were fitted with a saturated boiler, slides valves and Joy valve gear. In 1919–20, fifteen were rebuilt with superheaters, piston valves, Walschaerts valve gear and slightly larger cylinders. The nominal tractive effort of the rebuilds was 28,879 lbf (128.46 kN) which made these engines for a time the most powerful in Great Britain until 1922 when the Gresley pacifics appeared. The rebuilt locomotives were reported to be "a good workmanlike engine"[1] and "an engine thoroughly master of its work",[2] although still with a coal consumption on the heavy side.

New locomotives

Fourteen more of these Walschaerts valve gear locomotives were built before grouping, and a further 41 after the creation of the London, Midland and Scottish Railway. The last 20 of these were originally part of the 30-locomotive order for the related L&YR Hughes 4-6-4T.

Table of orders and locomotives[3]
Lot No.QtyManufacturerSerial Nos.YearL&Y Nos.LMS Nos.Notes
6020Horwich Works1009–102819081506–152510400–10404LMS numbers not applied
7915Horwich Works—1920–211522/14/23/10/11
1506/21/16/25/09
1520/17/24/19/18		10405–10419rebuilds of Lot 60
8010Horwich Works1319–13281921–221649–165810420–10429
8125Horwich Works1329–13531922–231659–1678
(1679–1683)		10430–10454
8320Horwich Works1364–13831924–25(1694–1713)10455–10474

Compound conversion

No 10456 was converted to a 4-cylinder compound in July 1926; it was fitted with 16-inch (406 mm) high pressure and 22-inch (559 mm) low pressure cylinders.[4]

Withdrawal

The relatively early withdrawal of most units must be considered in the context that the LMS inherited 393 different locomotive classes at Grouping, and LMS chairman Sir Josiah Stamp thought it desirable to reduce this to just 10 classes.[5]

Table of withdrawals [3]
YearQuantity in
service at
start of year		Quantity
withdrawn		Locomotive numbersNotes
19257531507, 1513, 1515
19267231508, 1512, 10417
193369110414
1934681310405/10/13/19/21/24/26/27/31/34/41/47/53
1935551710407/08/11/28/30/33/39/40/58/61–63/66/69/70/72/74
1936382010409/15/16/18/25/35/36/38/43/45/49–52/54/56/57/59/68/71
193718710406/20/22/44/65/67/73
193911110464
194610210437, 10446
19478110460
19487110423
19496410412, 10429, 10432, 10448
19502110442
19511150455Only locomotive to have BR number applied


Notes

  1. ↑ Nock 1969, p. 149.
  2. ↑ Mason 1975, p. 80.
  3. 1 2 Baxter 1982, pp. 82–84.
  4. ↑ Baxter 1982, p. 93.
  5. ↑ Hunt et al. 2006, p. 80.

References

  • Baxter, Bertram (1982). Baxter, David, ed. British Locomotive Catalogue 1825–1923, Volume 3B: Lancashire and Yorkshire Railway and its constituent companies. Ashbourne, Derbyshire: Moorland Publishing Company. ISBN 0-903485-85-0.
  • Casserley, H. C. & Johnston, Stuart W. (1974) [1966]. Locomotives at the Grouping 3: London, Midland and Scottish Railway. Shepperton, Surrey: Ian Allan. ISBN 0-7110-0554-0.
  • Hunt, David; Jennison, John; James, Fred; Essery, Bob (2006). LMS Locomotive Profiles, no. 7 - The Mixed Traffic Class 5s, Caprotti valve gear engines and class summary. Didcot, Oxon: Wild Swan. ISBN 1-905184-21-2.
  • Mason, Eric (1975) [1954]. The Lancashire and Yorkshire Railway in the Twentieth Century. Shepperton, Surrey: Ian Allan. ISBN 0-7110-0656-3.
  • Nock, O.S. (1969). The Lancashire and Yorkshire Railway - a Concise History. Shepperton, Surrey: Ian Allan. ISBN 0-7110-0130-8.
  • Rowledge, J.W.P. (1975). Engines of the LMS built 1923–51. Oxford: Oxford Publishing Company. ISBN 0-902888-59-5.
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