Kitzler Study Book

The Kitzler Study Book (Kitzler-Studienbuch) is an autograph workbook of Anton Bruckner which he wrote taking tuition with the conductor and cellist Otto Kitzler in Linz. Bruckner tried to complete his knowledge in musical form and instrumentation with Kitzler after the end of his studies with Simon Sechter.

Description

Beethoven and Bruckner
Stained glass window, Linz Cathedral

The workbook is composed of 163 pages of different sizes in landscape format (326 numbered pages) in chronological order, some of them dated, from H[eilige] Nacht anno [1]861 (Holy Night, 1861) on p. 30, to 10 July 1863 on p. 325.[1][2] The workbook contains autograph sketches, comments, complete and partial compositions, which are displaying a rigorous tuition in musical formatting and instrumentation.[1]

The first entries are exercises in musical form: cadences and periods, lieder in two and three parts, pieces for piano: waltz, polka, mazurka, études, theme and variations, rondos, sonata form, etc., followed by the complete String Quartet in C minor and its additional Rondo.

The exercises in form are followed by exercises of instrumentation, among others the orchestration of the first movement of Beethoven's Sonate pathétique (introduction and exposition, repetition and coda). They are followed by Bruckner's first orchestral compositions: the Four Orchestral Pieces (March in D minor and Three Orchestral Pieces). The volume ends with sketches for the Overture in G minor and for the Study Symphony in F minor.[1][2]

(Translation) The Kitzler Study Book is fascinating because of its insight on the history of the musical apprenticeship in the nineteenth century, as well as the historical and theoretical significance of the terminology and the extent of the conserved exercises. Last but not least, this manuscript is essential for the research on Bruckner's mode of operation.

Das Kitzler-Studienbuch fasziniert wegen seiner historischen Einblicke in die Geschichte der musikalischen Ausbildung im 19. Jahrhundert sowie wegen der historischen und theoretischen Bedeutung von Terminologie und Umfang der darin erhaltenen Übungen. Nicht zuletzt ist dieses Manuskript unverzichtbar für die Untersuchungen über Bruckner Arbeitsweise.[3]

Complete and partial compositions

A not exhaustive list:

  • O habt die Thräne gern (1st setting): pp. 18–19
  • Nachglück (1st setting): p. 19
  • Herzeleid: p. 20
  • Nachglück (2nd setting): p. 21
  • Von der schlummernden Mutter: p. 22
  • Des Baches Frühlingsfeier: p. 23
  • Wie neid ich Dich, du stolzer Wald: p. 24
  • Waltz for piano in E-flat major: p. 25
  • Waltz for piano in C major: p. 26
  • Polka (Galop) for piano in C major: pp. 27-29
  • Mazurka for piano in A minor: p. 29
  • Minuet for piano in C major: p. 30
  • Minuet and Trio for piano in G major: p. 35
  • Three marches for piano
    • March in C major, p. 36
    • March in D minor, p. 37
    • March in F major, p. 41
  • O habt die Thräne gern (2nd setting): p. 42
  • Last des Herzens: p. 43
  • Es regnet (sketch): pp. 46–47
  • Wunsch (sketch): pp. 47–48
  • Andante for piano in E-flat major: p. 49
  • Andante for piano in D minor: pp. 50–51
  • Six scherzi
    • Four sketches for scherzo (C major, D minor, A minor & C major): pp. 58-66
    • Scherzo for string quartet in F major: pp. 66-70
    • Scherzo for string quartet in G minor: pp. 70–74
  • Étude for piano in G major: pp. 77–78
  • Chromatic étude for piano in F major: pp. 79–80
  • Theme and variations for piano in G major: pp. 87–90
  • Seven rondos for piano:
    • Rondo in G major: pp. 105-108
    • Rondo in C minor: pp. 109-111
    • Rondo in D minor: pp. 112-115
    • Rondo in F major: pp. 116-121
    • Rondo in G major: pp. 122-125
    • Rondo in E minor: pp. 126-129
    • Rondo in E-flat major: pp. 130-134
  • Sonatensatz (Movement of sonata) for piano in G minor: pp. 157–164
  • String Quartet in C minor: pp. 165–196
  • Rondo in C minor for string quartet: pp. 197–206
  • Der Trompeter an der Katzbach: pp. 207–213
  • Four Fantasies for piano (in D minor, C minor, E-flat major and F major): pp. 213–218
  • Orchestration of the first movement of Beethoven's Sonate pathétique : pp. 234–250
  • March in D minor: pp. 251–265
  • Three Orchestral Pieces: pp. 266–286
  • Overture in G minor (sketch): pp. 287–301
  • Symphony in F minor (sketch): pp. 303–326

Edition and performances

Until 2015, only few of the compositions of the study book were published: the String Quartet and the additional Rondo in C minor (transcription allowed to Leopold Nowak),[4][5] the Sonatensatz in G minor (transcription allowed to Walburga Litschauer),[6] and the Four Orchestral Pieces (issued from a clean transcription given by Bruckner to Cyrill Hynais).[7]

The Kitzler Study Book, which was first in possession of Bruckner's pupil Ferdinand Löwe,[2] went later in private possession of Margarethe Mugrauer – the daughter of Josef Schalk –[5] in Bamberg, who legated it to her daughter Traudl Kress in Munich.[4] In 2013, the Austrian National Library was able to acquire the valuable original manuscript. In 2015, the MWV (Musikwissenschaftlicher Verlag der Internationalen Bruckner-Gesellschaft) has issued a colour facsimile of the manuscript and could so provide interested people with this important source for study and scholarship.[8]

On 30 April 2016, the Orchestergemeinschaft Nürnberg e.V has premiered Bruckner's orchestration of the opening of the first movement of Beethoven's "Sonate pathétique"[9] and, on 28 May 2016, the Göttinger Barockorchester under the baton of Benjamin-Gunnar Cohrs premiered the Scherzo for string quartet in G minor.[10]

Discography

There is a recording of the orchestration of the first movement of Beethoven's Sonate pathétique:

There is a recording of 13 piano works from the Kitzler Study Book:

  • Ana-Marija Markovina, Anton Bruckner (1824 - 1896), Piano Works – Hänssler Classic, HC17054, 2018

References

  1. 1 2 3 U. Harten, pp. 233-234
  2. 1 2 3 C. van Zwol, p. 90
  3. ↑ U. Harten, p. 234
  4. 1 2 C. van Zwol, p. 682
  5. 1 2 C. van Zwol, p. 676
  6. ↑ C. van Zwol, p. 677
  7. ↑ U. Harten, p. 318
  8. ↑ Kitzler Study Book - Facsimile ISBN 978-3-900270-99-5
  9. ↑ Orchestration of Beethoven's Piano Sonata, Opus 13 "Pathetique"
  10. ↑ Benjamin-Gunnar Cohrs conducts more premieres from the Bruckner Studybook
  11. ↑ Discography of the orchestration of Beethoven's Sonate pathétique

Sources

  • Uwe Harten, Anton Bruckner. Ein Handbuch. Residenz Verlag, Salzburg, 1996. ISBN 3-7017-1030-9.
  • Cornelis van Zwol, Anton Bruckner 1824–1896 – Leven en werken, uitg. Thoth, Bussum, Netherlands, 2012. ISBN 978-90-6868-590-9
  • Anton Bruckner - Sämtliche Werke, Band XXV: Das Kitzler Studienbuch (1861-1863), facsimile, Musikwissenschaftlicher Verlag der Internationalen Bruckner-Gesellschaft, Paul Hawkshaw and Erich Wolfgang Partsch (Editors), Vienna, 2015
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