Kasëm Trebeshina

Kasëm Trebeshina
Born (1926-08-08)8 August 1926
Berat, Albania
Died 6 November 2017(2017-11-06) (aged 91)
Ankara, Turkey
Occupation Writer
Language Albanian
Nationality Albanian
Genre Fiction, short story, poetry
Notable works Mekami, melodi turke; Odin Mondvalsen, Stina e Stinëve etc.

Kasëm Trebeshina (Berat, 8 August 1926 – Ankara, 6 November 2017) was an Albanian partisan, communist prosecutor, actor, and writer. He was one of the founders of the notorious communist secret police Sigurimi.[1][2]

Biography

Kasëm was born in Berat, originating from Vinokash in the region of Përmet, born to Hysen Vinokashi and Hatixhe Sanxhaktari. He was born in his mother's house in the "Murad Çelebi" neighbourhood in Berat, because Vinokash was burned by the greek andarts during the First Balkan War and the family settled in the plain of Myzeqe. He finished elementary education in his birthplace and continued high-school in Elbasan, he left school in order to join the resistance movement, due to his brother being arrested by the fascist authorities.

In 1942 he joined the National Liberation Movement during the World War II, during which he was injured badly in February 1944[3]. He fought in the region of Myzeqe and Mallakastër, after the injury he served in Vlora[4]. In the last days of the resistance he joined the Department for People's Protection (Albanian name-sake of OZNA), being banished at 8 January 1948[5]. During the years 1945-46 he served as assistant judge of Bilbil Klosi[6].

After the war, he studied at the "A. N. Ostrovsky" Institute in Leningrad, but did not remain long[7] due to political quarrels[8][9]. Kasëm was one of the voices of dissent during the post-World War II era in Communist Albania, voice which got him arrested three times and even falsely proclaimed by the oppressive regime as a madman.[10] Trebeshina acknowledged during an interview that he spent 13 years in prison[11].

All the oppressions Kasëm faced during his lifetime would fuel, influence, and affect his literary work. After the infamous 1997 riot in Albania Kasëm fled from Albania and migrated to Istanbul, Turkey.

Literary works

According to some scholars, one can cleary find Trebeshina's dissent in his Promemoria written to Enver Hoxha in 1953, in the novel "Mekami", in the narrative "Kukudhi", the short novel "Kisha e Shën Kristoforit. Legjenda e Kostandinit dhe e Doruntinës", the novel "Rruga e Golgotës", short novel "Odin Mondvalsen" and the short novel "Hani i Begomires". It is clearly expressed in the memuaristic essays in the volume "Dafinat e thara", in the historical novel "Këngë shqiptare" and the novel "Tregtari i skeleteve", perfect example of intertextuality.[8]

Most of his work was published after the fall of Communism, during the 1990s, which made him free to express his ideas in his works.[12] His novel "Odin Mondvalsen" was translated into German by Hans-Joachim Lanksch, published in Klagenfurt Austria in 1994. His literary works include:

  • Kruja e çliruar, 1953
  • Artani dhe Min'ja, 1961
  • Stina e Stinëve, 1991
  • Legjenda e asaj që iku, 1992
  • Qezari niset për luftë, 1993
  • Koha tani, vendi këtu, 1992
  • Rruga e Golgotës, 1993
  • Mekami, 1994
  • Lirika dhe satira, 1994
  • Historia e atyre që s'janë, 1994
  • Ëndrra dhe hije, 1996
  • Hijet e shekujve", 1996
  • Nata para apokalipsit, 1998
  • Ku bie Iliria, 2000
  • Kënga Shqiptare, 1-5, 2001
  • Më përtej kohërave, 2004
  • Drama, 2006
  • Polimnia dhe Melpomena, 1-2, 2006
  • Tregtari i skeleteve, 2006
  • Këngë për Kosovën, 2007
  • Shtigjet e shekujve, 2007
  • Një ditë në natën pa fund (Dafinat e thara), 2016

See also

References

  1. ↑ Bejko S., Disidentët e rremë, Tiranë: 55, 2007, fq. 46. ISBN 987-99943-56 Parameter error in {{isbn}}: Invalid ISBN.-19-5.
  2. ↑ Kadare, Ismail (2012). Mosmarrëveshja : Shqipëria përballë vetvetes (in shqip) (3 ed.). Tiranë: Onufri. pp. 270–271. ISBN 978-9928-186-54-6.
  3. ↑ Dragoj 2007, p. 26-28
  4. ↑ K. Trebeshina, interviewed by Kastriot Kotoni, Ju tregoj për Luftën Civile dhe Ballin Kombëtar, February 2007.
  5. ↑ Dragoj 2007, p. 108
  6. ↑ K. Dervishi, Bilbil Klosi, gjykatësi komunist që dha shekuj burg dhe u mori jetën qindra antikomunistëve: krimet e komunizmit, Tirana: Newspaper 55, Nr. 73, 24 mars, 2009, f. 2 - 3.
  7. ↑ Segel 2012, p. 30
  8. 1 2 Edmond Çali (2010), Disidenca e Kasëm Trebeshinës dhe Ismail Kadaresë, Tiranë: Studime Albanologjike, 2010/2, XV, p. 210-216.
  9. ↑ Dragoj 2007, p. 114-116
  10. ↑ Hamiti, Asllan. Sopaj, Nehas. "Gjuhe Shqipe dhe Letersi" p.250
  11. ↑ K. Trebeshina, interviewed by Hans-Joachim Lanksch, Intervistë-bisedë me shkrim me Kasëm Trebeshinën, 20 May 1994.
  12. ↑ Elsie, Robert, Trebeshina biography

Sources

  • Dragoj, Nuri (2007). Trebeshina: Një jetë para gjyqit. Tirana: Globus-R. ISBN 9789994353453.
  • Segel, Harold B. (2012). The Walls Behind the Curtain: East European Prison Literature, 1945-1990. Pittsburgh: University of Pittsburgh Press. ISBN 9780822978022.
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