Julida

Julida
Tachypodoiulus niger (Julidae)
Scientific classification
Kingdom:Animalia
Phylum:Arthropoda
Class:Diplopoda
Order:Julida
Brandt, 1833
Superfamilies
  • Blaniuloidea
  • Juloidea
  • Nemasomatoidea
  • Paeromopodoidea
  • Parajuloidea
Synonyms

Zygocheta Cook, 1895
Symphyognatha Verhoeff, 1910

Julida is an order of millipedes. Members are long and cylindrical, typically ranging from 10–120 millimetres (0.39–4.72 in) in length.[1] Eyes may be present or absent, and in mature males of many species, the first pair of legs is modified into hook-like structures.[2] Additionally, both pairs of legs on the 7th body segment of males are modified into gonopods.[3]

Distribution

Julida contains predominantly temperate species ranging from North America to Panama, Europe, Asia north of the Himalayas, and Southeast Asia.[4]

Classification

The order Julida contains approximately 750 species, divided into the following superfamilies and families:[5]

Blaniuloidea C. L. Koch, 1847
  • Blaniulidae C. L. Koch, 1847
  • Galliobatidae Brolemann, 1921
  • Okeanobatidae Verhoeff, 1942
  • Zosteractinidae Loomis, 1943
Juloidea Leach, 1814
  • Julidae Leach, 18147
  • Rhopaloiulidae Attems, 1926
  • Trichoblaniulidae Verhoeff, 1911
  • Trichonemasomatidae Enghoff, 1991
Nemasomatoidea Bollman, 1893
  • Chelojulidae Enghoff, 1991
  • Nemasomatidae Bollman, 1893
  • Pseudonemasomatidae Enghoff, 1991
  • Telsonemasomatidae Enghoff, 1991
Paeromopodoidea Cook, 1895
Parajuloidea Bollman, 1893

References

  1. ↑ "Diagnostic features of Millipede Orders" (PDF). Milli-PEET Identification Tables. The Field Museum, Chicago. Retrieved 25 October 2013.
  2. ↑ J. Gordon Blower (1985). Millipedes: Keys and Notes for the Identification of the Species. Synopses of the British Fauna. Linnean Society of London. ISBN 90-04-07698-0.
  3. ↑ Shelley, Rowland M. (1999). "Centipedes and Millipedes with Emphasis on North American Fauna". The Kansas School Naturalist. 45 (3): 1–16.
  4. ↑ "Geographic distribution of Millipede Families" (PDF). Milli-PEET Identification Tables. The Field Museum, Chicago. Retrieved 25 October 2013.
  5. ↑ William Shear. "Class Diplopoda de Blainville in Gervais, 1844" (PDF). In Z.-Q. Zhang. Animal biodiversity: an outline of higher-level classification and survey of taxonomic richness. Zootaxa. 159–164. p. 3148.


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