Joseph Aveline

Joseph Aveline
Traditional farm in Dorceau, Aveline's birthplace
Born Joseph Louis Aveline
(1881-12-10)December 10, 1881
Dorceau, Orne, France
Died December 12, 1958(1958-12-12) (aged 77)
Dorceau, Orne, France
Nationality French
Organization XVI-th Legislature of Third French Republic
Notable work opposed Philippe Pétain; legislated for agriculture
Awards Commander of the Legion of Honor

Joseph Aveline (1881-1958) was a 20th-century French politician and agricultural expert from the Orne department of France, who served as mayor of Dorceau for a half century and, as parliamentary deputy, opposed full powers to Marshall Philippe Pétain in July 1940.[1][2][3][4]

Background

Orne's arrondissements and their cantons.

Joseph Louis Aveline was born on December 10, 1881, on a cattle-breeding farm in Dorceau (now part of the Rémalard-en-Perche commune) in Orne, France. His parents were Louis Joseph Aveline and Cécile Aline Poussin. His father had started a "new farm" (French ferme neuve) there to breed Percheron horses and cattle of Normandy.[2][3][4][5]

Career

Aveline served in World War I. After demobilization, he took over management of the farm.[2][3]

Horse breeder

The Percheron horse breed comes from the Orne department, Aveline's home region

The Aveline family had already been breeding Percheron in the early 1800s:

We find the name of Aveline for the first time in 1823 at Mont Gaudray. He had a brown-bay mare...
M. Cousin, commune of Peray, had a dapple-gray stallion, born 1827, slightly under 16 hands, which served 40 mares in 1832, 43 mares in 1833, and 42 in 1834. We find the names of Avelines and Hamelin among the owners of mares served by this horse...[6]

His relative, Charles Paul Aveline (1853-1917) received a short biographical entry in the 1917 book A History of the Percheron Horse: of particular note was M. Charles Aveline' brown Percheron named "Dragon."[6][7] In 1889, there is mention that Percheron "Gris-Blue 9477" was appartenant à M. Joseph Aveline ("owned by Mr. Joseph Aveline").[8] In 1917, a photo of his farm in Dorceau appears in A History of Percheron Horses.[6]

Joseph Aveline helped spearhead agriculture in Normandy. He led farmers in farming coo-ps and trade unionism. He served as president of the regional bank for agricultural credit, president of the Orne Chamber of Agriculture, and vice-president of the Normandy Chamber of Agriculture.[2][3][4]

Due to technical prowess, he also became president of the Percheron Horse Racing Society of France; member of the Higher Council of Agriculture, the Advisory Committee on Livestock, the Higher Stud Council, the Higher Council on Agronomic Research; president of the Federation of Genealogical Books, and foreign trade advisor.[2][3][4]

Aveline won numerous breeding competitions. He also headed a large stud farm and became a horse specialist who, later in life, went on lecture tours, particularly in South America. The Harness racing horse track of Vincennes has a race and prize in his name.[2][3][9][10][11][12][13][14][15]

Politician

Soon after the historic vote of July 1940, from which Aveline abstained, France came under German occupation (southern zone, starting November 1942) (yellow zone under Italian administration)

In 1908, at age 27, Aveline was elected mayor of Dorceau–an office he would hold for the next 50 years.[2][3]

He served on the Council of the Department of Orne.[2][3][4][4]

Aveline joined the Independent Radicals (French: Radicaux indépendants), a center-right French political group during the French Third Republic: it refused alliance of the "Parti républicain, radical et radical-socialiste" with the Left. (The Independent Radicals formed in 1926 after the fall of the first Cartel des gauches.)[2][3]

On April 26, 1936, Aveline first ran for the Chamber of Deputies in Mortagne-au-Perche for Orne. On May 3, 1936, he won his seat (9,927 of 17,640 votes) as deputy from Orne in the Chamber of Deputies in the XVI-th Legislature of the Third Republic; its president was Léon Blum. A decree in July 1939 extended the service of deputies from May 19136 until May 31, 1942. He served on the Committee on Agriculture and also the National Agricultural Credit Fund. In July 1940, with Paul Reynaud as president, he abstained from the vote for full powers to Marshal Philippe Pétain (who became the head of Vichy France).[1][2][3][4]

(After being appointed Premier by President Albert Lebrun, Marshal Pétain's cabinet agreed to end the war and signed an Armistice with Germany on 22 June 1940. Pétain subsequently established an authoritarian regime when the National Assembly of the French Third Republic granted him full powers on 10 July 1940. At that point, the Third Republic was dissolved.[16])

Later life

After World War II, Aveline continued as mayor, advised agricultural organizations and government ministries (particularly the Ministry of Agriculture), and participated in a French trade mission to South America.[2][3][4]

Personal life and death

Mill on the Huisne just south of Dorceau

On April 28, 1903, Aveline married Berthe Marie Tuffier of Nogent-le-Rotrou.[5]

Aveline died age 77 on December 12, 1958, in Dorceau.[2][3][4]

Legislation

Aveline led the following legislation:

He supported the following legislation:

  • 1936: Creation of a professional wheat board
  • 1937: Finance Act of 1937, Customs Tariffs
  • 1938: Veterinary medicine
  • 1939: Finance Act of 1939
  • 1940: Civil Service Budget for 1940, Rural Leases[2][3]

He led legislative efforts for:

  • 1937: Proposals on fertilizer - 1937, distribution of sums in urban mutual betting
  • 1939: Resolution on rural leases and greyhounds (racing)[2][3]

Legacy

  • Prix Joseph Aveline
  • Commander of the Legion of Honor (Commandeur de la Légion d'Honneur)[2][3]
  • Commander of Agricultural Merit (Commandeur du Mérite agricole)[2][3]

See also

References

  1. 1 2 "Joseph Louis Aveline". Assemblée Nationale. Retrieved 19 August 2018.
  2. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 "Joseph Louis Aveline". Perche Gouët. Retrieved 19 August 2018.
  3. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 "Joseph Louis Aveline". Dictionnaire des Parlementaires Français 1889-1940. p. 426. Missing or empty |url= (help); |access-date= requires |url= (help)
  4. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 "Aveline, Joseph". Le projet symogih.org. Retrieved 19 August 2018.
  5. 1 2 [From marriage certificate supplied by a descendant]
  6. 1 2 3 Sanders, Alvin Howard (1917). A History of the Percheron Horse. Breeder's Gazette Print. pp. 93–94 (Aveline), 198 (photo of Joseph Aveline's farm), 223–225 (bio of Charles Aveline). Retrieved 20 August 2018.
  7. ↑ "Le Fil due Dragon". Percheron International. 26 March 2016. Retrieved 20 August 2018.
  8. ↑ Stud-book Percheron de France, Volume 4, Part 1. Société hippique percheronne. 1889. p. 208. Retrieved 20 August 2018.
  9. ↑ "Course 9 : Prix Joseph Aveline". Paris-Turf. 26 April 2015. Retrieved 19 August 2018.
  10. ↑ "Joseph Louis Aveline". Standard Bred Canada. 22 January 2017. Retrieved 19 August 2018.
  11. ↑ "Oakwood Stud to stand first French trotter in Ireland". United States Trotting Association. 22 January 2017. Retrieved 19 August 2018.
  12. ↑ "C5 - PRIX JOSEPH AVELINE". Le Trot. 9 September 2017. Retrieved 19 August 2018.
  13. ↑ "PRIX JOSEPH AVELINE". World-Class Trotting. 9 September 2017. Retrieved 19 August 2018.
  14. ↑ "PRIX JOSEPH AVELINE". France-Parti. 9 September 2017. Retrieved 19 August 2018.
  15. ↑ "PRIX JOSEPH AVELINE". Les Course Hippique 2018. Retrieved 19 August 2018.
  16. ↑ Debbie Lackerstein, National Regeneration in Vichy France: Ideas and Policies, 1930–1944 (2013)
  17. ↑ "Les pratiques de l'alimentation animale au ban de la société". Le Courrier de l'environnement de l'INRA. February 2001. Retrieved 20 August 2018.
  18. ↑ "Commission d'enquête sur le recours aux farines animales dans l'alimentation des animaux d'élevage". Assemblée Nationale. January 2001. Retrieved 20 August 2018.
  19. ↑ "Étude de la Léglisation en Matière d'Aliments due Bétail au Sénégal" (PDF). Ecole Inter Etats des Sciences et Médecine Vétérinaires de Dakar. 30 June 1977. Retrieved 20 August 2018.

External sources

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