Johannes Von Gumpach

Johannes von Gumpach (Chinese: 方根拔) (1814–1875) was a German-born Englishman who was hired in China to teach astronomy and mathematics.[1]

Von Gumpach was born in Fedderwarden nearby Wilhelmshaven on 7. May 1814 as Johannes Grumbrecht. By 1841 he was recorded as living in the parish of St James, Clerkenwell, in London. In England he adopted the first name Theodor, and in October 1842 he married Jane Willbraham Edwards in Cheltenham, Gloucester, England. While in the employ of the bank Huth & Co he was arrested for embezzlement and sentenced to seven years' exile. He and his wife arrived in Nuremberg on 5 September 1844 using the assumed name "Baron" Johannes von Gumpach. In 1860 he was living in Munich, and afterwards he appeared to live in Guernsey. He published scientific writings as a "private scholar".[2]

He was hired by the Tongwen Guan (School of Combined Learning) of the Chinese imperial government, the first modern institution of higher education in China. His dismissal by Robert Hart led him to sue Hart in the British Supreme Court for China and Japan for defamation. In 1873, the case ultimately went to the Judicial Committee of the Privy Council Hart v Gumpach which upheld Hart's right to make the decision.[3]

In his career, he had written a number of books about the social and economical issues of China.

Von Gumpach died in July 1875 at the General Hospital in Shanghai.

Books

  • Practical tables for the reduction of Mahometan dates to the Christian calendar. 1856.
  • A Popular Inquiry Into the Moon's Rotation on Her Axis. 1856.
  • The True Figure and Dimensions of the Earth ... in a Letter Addressed to George Biddell Airy. 1862.
  • Baby-worlds: An essay on the nascent members of our solar household. With an appendix, containing various papers and dissertations, astronomical, meteorological and chronological. 1863.
  • Time, Space and Eternity. An essay. 1866.
  • The Burlingame Mission: A Political Disclosure, Supported by Official Documents, Mostly Unpublished. To which are Added: Various Papers and Discourses on the Claim of the Emperor of China to Universal Supremacy; the True Nature of Actual Diplomatic Relations Between China and Western Powers; the Position and Influence in China of Robert Hart, Esq., as Confidential Adviser of the Tsung-li Yamen; the Hart-Alcock Convention; the Dispersion of the Lay-Osborn Flotilla; the "New Chinese University"; the Policy of the United States in China; the New China Policy of England; the Western Policy, and the Diplomacy of the Chinese Government; the Massacre of Tien-tsin; the Chung-'ho Mission; the Audience Question; and the Coming War. 1872.

References

  1. ↑ Haas, William Joseph (1996). China Voyager: Gist Gee's Life in Science. M.E. Sharpe. p. 74.
  2. ↑ Emigrants from the Grand Duchy of Oldenberg
  3. ↑ Fairbank et al, comment pp. 14-15 and several of his contemporary letters to Campbell
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