Jindeok of Silla

Jindeok
Tomb of Queen Jindeok in Gyeongju, Gyeongsangbuk-do, South Korea
Queen of Silla
Reign 647 – 654
Coronation 647
Predecessor Queen Seondeok of Silla
Successor Muyeol of Silla
Died 654
Silla
Burial Gyeongju
Father Galmunwang Gukban
Mother Lady Wolmyeong of the Park clan
Jindeok of Silla
Hangul 진덕여왕
Hanja 眞德女王
Revised Romanization Jindeok Yeowang
McCune–Reischauer Chindŏk Yŏwang

Jindeok of Silla (? – 654), reigned as Queen of Silla, one of the Three Kingdoms of Korea, from 647 to 654. She was the kingdom's 28th ruler, and its second reigning queen following her predecessor Queen Seondeok. During her reign, Silla jockeyed with Baekje for favor in the Chinese Tang court. She is also known for writing a poem of the Emperor Gaozong of Tang.[1]

Reign

Queen Jindeok (r. 647–654) ascended the throne and became the Silla's second Queen regnant after Queen Seondeok. The last monarch from the ranks of the Seonggol, the highest class in the Silla's unique caste system, her real name is Seungman. Her father was Kim Gukban, who was King Jinpyeong's youngest brother, and her mother was Lady Wolmyeong.[1] During her seven-year reign Queen Jindeok's primary concern was foreign policy. With the help of general Kim Yushin she was able to strengthen Silla's defenses and greatly improve her kingdom's relations with Tang China. Those efforts laid the foundation for the unification of the three kingdoms (Silla, Baekje, and Goguryeo).

She also expanded the Pumju tax-collecting system.[2]

Her tomb is located on the hill in Gyeongju city. Although some historians have doubt that if it is really the tomb of Queen Jindeok. According to the Samguk Sagi she was buried at Saryangbu, which is located in the opposite direction from the tomb.[3]

Legacy

When King Jeonggang was dying in 887, he appointed his sister Jinseong as his heir, justifying the choice of a female monarch by pointing at Seondeok's and Jindeok's successful reigns.

The name of an era

Queen Jindeok used the era name, Inpyeong, from January to July in 647, when she was crowned, and changed the era name as Taehwa. From July 647 to June 650, she used the Taehwa era, but later she used Yeonghwi, the era of King Gojong of the Tang Dynasty. Taehwa is the last name that Silla has used independently.[4]

Family

Ancestry

See also

References

  1. 1 2 Kim (1145), volume 5
  2. ↑ Lee (2008), p. 141.
  3. ↑ Cultural Properties Administration, Tomb of Queen Jindeok of Silla
  4. ↑ Dongguk Tonggam 7th Records of the Three Kingdoms(東國通鑑 卷7 三國紀)

Sources

  • Kim Bu-sik (1145). 삼국사기 (三國史記) [History of the Three Kingdoms] (in Korean). Retrieved 9 April 2017.
  • Lee, Bae-yong (2008). Women in Korean History. Ewha Womans University Press.
Jindeok of Silla
 Died: 654
Regnal titles
Preceded by
Seondeok		 Queen of Silla
647–654		 Succeeded by
Muyeol


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