Ismay Andrews

Ismay Andrews was one of the earliest major teachers of African dance in the United States, whose career spanned from 1929 through World War II.

Stage actor

Andrews began her career in as an actor in stage plays in New York City. These included a musical comedy, Great Day, at the Cosmopolitan Theatre in 1929,[1][2], Ol' Man Satan in 1932, and the operetta Africana in 1934.[2] She also appeared in a 1932 film, The Black King.[3]

Cultural context

In the early 1930s, Andrews studied dance under Asadata Dafora.[4][5] People in the United States in this era largely regarded Africans as savage and animalistic, and Dafora was part of bringing an awareness of their humanity and an appreciation for their culture.[6] The new interest in African music and dance offered a new positive black identity rooted in ancient, pre-colonial traditions. This movement in art and culture was connected to the Harlem Renaissance and the Négritude movement.[7]

Teacher of African dance

After studying with Dafora,[4] Andrews began teaching African dance at the Abyssinian Baptist Church in Harlem in 1934.[8][9] This makes her one of the earliest major teachers of African dance in the United States, along with Efiom Odok and Dafora.[10] She also taught at Mother African Methodist Episcopal Zion Church, which was one of the primary centers of African American culture in New York City at the time.[11] Her students included Chief Bey,[11] Pearl Primus,[12] Coleridge-Taylor Perkinson,[13][14][15][16][17], Alice Dinizulu,[18] and Alexandreena Dixon.[19] Ismay Andrews never traveled to Africa, but learned African traditions through researching in public libraries.[20][11]

1940s

In the 1940s, Andrews focused on the dances of East Africa.[9] She founded and directed a dance company known as the Swa-Hili Dancers who performed re-constructed East African dances.[21][9][22][lower-alpha 1] They performed on stage at the Stage Door Canteen, in cabarets, and for the USO during World War II.[23] The African American community in Harlem strongly supported Andrews cultural work throughout her career.[11] She died in poverty in New York City.[21]

See also

Notes

  1. ↑ See Dance Observer. Vol. 12-13. New York City. 1945. OCLC 1565860 https://books.google.com/books?id=g4EaAQAAMAAJ&focus=searchwithinvolume&q=Ismay. Missing or empty |title= (help) and Dance Observer. New York City. 1959. OCLC 1565860 https://books.google.com/books?id=1j4TAAAAIAAJ&focus=searchwithinvolume&q=Ismay. Missing or empty |title= (help)

Citations

  1. ↑ https://www.imdb.com/name/nm0582551/otherworks
  2. 1 2 Broadway League.
  3. ↑ Richards 1998, p. 192.
  4. 1 2 Heard & Mussa 2002, p. 143-144.
  5. ↑ DeFrantz 2004, p. 287.
  6. ↑ Mundundu 2005, p. 37 citing Emery (1988, p. 250) and Needham (2002, p. 233)
  7. ↑ Mundundu 2005, p. 37.
  8. ↑ Creque-Harris 1991, p. 48-49.
  9. 1 2 3 Long 1989, p. 53.
  10. ↑ Cohen 2012, p. 13-14.
  11. 1 2 3 4 Heard & Mussa 2002, p. 144.
  12. ↑ Heard 1999, p. 181.
  13. ↑ https://africlassical.blogspot.com/2013/06/coleridge-taylor-perkinson-african.html
  14. ↑ https://africlassical.blogspot.com/2015/06/flutist-laurel-zucker-pianist-john.html
  15. ↑ http://chevalierdesaintgeorges.homestead.com/Perkinson.html
  16. ↑ https://johnmalveauxmusic2.blogspot.com/2013/06/coleridge-taylor-perkinson-african.html
  17. ↑ Schomburg Center 2017.
  18. ↑ Green 2008, p. 99.
  19. ↑ http://www.chikuawali.org/aboutus/alexandreenadixon.html
  20. ↑ Cohen 2012, pp. 14.
  21. 1 2 Heard & Mussa 2002, p. 146.
  22. ↑ Dance Magazine 1946, p. 26.
  23. ↑ Heard & Mussa 2002, p. 144-145.

References

  • Broadway League. "Ismay Andrews: Performer". Internet Broadway Database. Retrieved 10 October 2017.
  • Dance Magazine. Vol. 20. Rudor Publishing Company. 1946. p. 26 https://books.google.com/books?id=KrQRAAAAIAAJ&focus=searchwithinvolume&q=Ismay. Missing or empty |title= (help)
  • DeFrantz, Thomas F. (2004). "Dafora, Asadata". In Wintz, C.D.; Finkelman, P. Encyclopedia of the Harlem Renaissance: A-J. Encyclopedia of the Harlem Renaissance. Routledge. pp. 286f. ISBN 978-1-57958-457-3.
  • Long, Richard A. (1989). The Black tradition in American dance. Prion.
  • Creque-Harris, Leah (1991). The Representation of African Dance on the Concert Stage: From the Early Black Musical to Pearl Primus (Thesis). Emory University / UMI Dissertation Services.
  • Heard, Marcia Ethel (1999). Asadata Dafora: African Concert Dance Traditions in American Concert Dance (PhD). New York University, School of Education. Retrieved 9 October 2017.
  • Heard, Marcia E.; Mussa, Mansa K. (2002). "African Dance in New York City". In Defrantz, Thomas F. Dancing Many Drums: Excavations In African American Dance. Studies in Dance History. University of Wisconsin Press. ISBN 978-0-299-17313-5.
  • Cohen, Joshua (2012). "Stages in Transition". Journal of Black Studies. SAGE. 43 (1): 11–48. doi:10.1177/0021934711426628. ISSN 0021-9347.
  • Green, Doris (2008). "In memoriam: Remembering Alice Dinizulu (Ohema Afua Owusua)". Dance Research Journal. 40 (1): 99–100.
  • Mundundu, Anicet Mudimbenga (2005). The Recontextualization Of African Music In The United States: A Case Study Of Umoja African Arts Company (PDF) (Thesis). University of Pittsburgh.
  • Richards, L. (1998). African American Films Through 1959: A Comprehensive, Illustrated Filmography. McFarland. ISBN 978-0-7864-0307-3.
  • Schomburg Center for Research in Black Culture (27 April 2017), A hug for Harlem (PDF) (Theater program), New York, NY: Author, retrieved 7 July 2018

Further reading

  • Bean, A. (2002). A Sourcebook on African-American Performance: Plays, People, Movements. Worlds of Performance. Taylor & Francis. ISBN 978-1-134-67393-3.
  • Belnap, S. (1957). Guide to Dance Periodicals. University of Florida Press.
  • Dixon Gottschild, B. (1996). Digging the Africanist presence in American performance. Westport, CT: Greenwood Press
  • Garafola, L. (Ed). (1994). Of, by, and for the people: Dancing on the left in the 1930s. Madison, WI: AR Editions, Inc
  • Emery, Lynne Fauley (1988). Black dance: From 1619 to today. A Dance horizons book (Second, Revised ed.). Hightston, NJ: Princeton Book Company Publishers. ISBN 978-0-916622-61-9.
  • Long, R. (1989). The Black tradition in American dance. New York: Rizzoli International Publications.
  • Malone, J. (1996). Steppin’ on the blues: The visible rhythms of African American dance. Chicago: University of Illinois Press.
  • Maureen Needham, “Kykunkor, or the Witch Woman: An African Opera in America, 1934,” in Dancing Many Drums: Excavations in African Dance, edited by Thomas F. DeFrantz, Madison, Wisconsin: The University of Wisconsin Press, 2002.
  • Prevots, N. (1998), Dance for export: Cultural diplomacy and the Cold War. Hanover, NH: University Press o f New England.
  • Sherrod, E.G. (1998). The dance griots: An examination of the dance pedagogy of Katherine Dunham and Black pioneering dancers in Chicago and New York City from 1931-1946. Dissertation Abstracts International, 463. (UMI No. 9826197)
  • Nash, Joe (1931), Black dance collection, 1939-1989, OCLC 81234360
  • Smothers, Ronald (22 October 1972). "But Blacks Contend Issue of Racism is Overriding". The New York Times.
  • Weisbord, R.G. (1973). Ebony Kinship; Africa, Africans, and the Afro-American. Contributions in Afro-American and African studies. Greenwood Press. p. 196. ISBN 978-0-8371-6416-8. Retrieved 7 July 2018.
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