Imperative mandate

The Imperative mandate is a political system in which "representatives enact policies in accordance with mandates and can be recalled by people’s assemblies".[1] It requires a context in which "power is not monopolized by the state, but distributed in a plurality of municipalities and assemblies with specific political authority".[2]

History

The imperative mandate goes back to the Middle Ages.[3] It was embraced by the revolutionary assemblies in Paris in 1793[4] but then banned by the royalist members of the French National Assembly of 1789 to block greater influence by the people.[5][6] It was also rejected in the American Revolution.[7]

It was embraced in the Paris Commune and by the Council Communism movement.

Contemporary Political Movements

The Imperative Mandate has been used by the United Democratic Front and Abahlali baseMjondolo in South Africa[8] as well as the Zapatistas in Mexico.[9]

See also

References

  1. ↑ Who’s Afraid of the Imperative Mandate?, Massimiliano Tomba, Critical Times', 1(1), 2018
  2. ↑ Who’s Afraid of the Imperative Mandate?, Massimiliano Tomba, Critical Times', 1(1), 2018
  3. ↑ Who’s Afraid of the Imperative Mandate?, Massimiliano Tomba, Critical Times', 1(1), 2018
  4. ↑ Who’s Afraid of the Imperative Mandate?, Massimiliano Tomba, Critical Times', 1(1), 2018
  5. ↑ Constitutional Culture and Democratic Rule (Murphy Institute Studies in Political Economy) by John Ferejohn, Jack N. Rakove, and Jonathan Riley, Cambridge University Press, 2010, ISBN 052179370X/ ISBN 978-0521793704
  6. ↑ The Remaking of France: The National Assembly and the Constitution of 1791 by Michael Fitzsimmons, Cambridge University Press, 2002, ISBN 0521893771/ ISBN 978-0521893770
  7. ↑ Who’s Afraid of the Imperative Mandate?, Massimiliano Tomba, Critical Times', 1(1), 2018
  8. ↑ Thinking Freedom in Africa, Michael Neocosmos, Wits University Press, 2016
  9. ↑ Who’s Afraid of the Imperative Mandate?, Massimiliano Tomba, Critical Times', 1(1), 2018
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