Ilirney

Ilirney
Илирней (Russian)
Иԓирӈэй (Chukchi)
-  Rural locality[1]  -
Selo[1]

Winter view of Ilirney

Location of Chukotka Autonomous Okrug in Russia
Ilirney
Location of Ilirney in Chukotka Autonomous Okrug
Administrative status (as of May 2010)
Country Russia
Federal subject Chukotka Autonomous Okrug[1]
Administrative district Bilibinsky District[1]
Municipal status (as of February 2005)
Municipal district Bilibinsky Municipal District[2]
Rural settlement Ilirney Rural Settlement[2]
Administrative center of Ilirney Rural Settlement[2]
Statistics
Area (Rural settlement) (January 1, 2012) 2.15 km2 (0.83 sq mi)[3]
Population (2010 Census) 287 inhabitants[4][5]
Population (January 2016 est.) 263 inhabitants[6]
Density 133/km2 (340/sq mi)[7]
Time zone PETT (UTC+12:00)[8]
Founded 1940[3]
Postal code(s)[9] 689480
Dialing code(s) +7 42738[10]

Ilirney (Russian: Илирней; Chukchi: Иԓирӈэй, lit. mountain island[11]) is a rural locality (a selo) in Bilibinsky District of Chukotka Autonomous Okrug, Russia, located southeast of Bilibino, on the banks of the Maly Anyuy River. The population of the village as of 2012 is 281, of which 247[12] are native Chukchi,[13] a slight reduction on the most recent census data: 287 (2010 Census);[4] [5] Municipally, Ilirney is subordinated to Bilibinsky Municipal District and is incorporated as Ilirney Rural Settlement.[2]

Geography

Ilirney is situated 168 km from the district center Bilibino and 510 km from Anadyr.[3] At the site of the village, the Maly Anyuy River is joined by the Nutsekyn tributary,[14] from the Chukchi word, Nutech'yn, meaning "white fat", since there is a band of white clay that looks like fat and was occasionally consumed by the local inhabitants in times of famine.[12] Lake Ilirney is found about 20 km from the village, where archeologists discovered neolithic camps on the shore[14] and about 46 km further upstream is Lake Tytyl where archeologists have also discovered neolithic encampments and where the inhabitants of the village have a permanent fishing co-operative on the shores.[14]

History

In 1945, a weather station was built on the shores of the Lower Ilirney lake, and not long after that a state farm specialising in reindeer herding was established, around which a settlement grew up. However, in 1954, the village was severely flooded and a decision was made to move the village 7 km unpriver to prevent this happening again. In the late 1950s there was a substantial expansion of the village, following the discovery of gold in the area and the subsequent mining developments to extract it. Additionally, the farm's name was changed to 40 Years of October (Russian: 40 лет Октября), and it became substantially more profitable as requirements from the expanding mining workforce increased demand significantly.[15]

Demographics

The population of the village as of January 2012 is 281[3] a reduction of 20 against the 2010 estimate of 301 (of which 247 were indigenous people),[12] though this is higher than the official 2010 census result which recorded a population of 287, of whom 152 were male and 135 female.[5] The 2010 estimate is the same as that made in 2005 as part of the environmental impact study by the Kupol gold project, which recorded a population of 233.[16] In 2005 and 2012 the village was demographically organised thus:

Demographic Composition - 2005 and 2012
Indigenous People Number in Village in 2005 Percentage of Population in 2005 Number in Village in 2012 Percentage of Population in 2012 Movement since 2005
Chukchi

217

72%

213

76%

-4

Russians and other nationalities

68

23%

55

20%

-13

Evens

10

3%

6

2%

-4

Koryaks

5

2%

5

2%

0

Yukaghir

1

<1%

2

1%

+1

Total

301

100%

281

100%

-20

Source: 2005 Data:[16]
Soucre: 2012 Data:[3]

The head of the rural settlement is Vladimir Kumlyu.[3]

Economy and culture

The main occupation of the inhabitants is reindeer herding and fishing and there is a central farm called "poplar" (Russian: Тополёвое) The village has a primary school, a kindergarten, a medical clinic, post office, communications center, a hotel with 20 beds, a cultural center, library, shop and bakery.

In the summer of 2009 on a small hill at the entrance to the village a large Orthodox cross was built and consecrated.[17] An Orthodox chapel is also planned to be constructed.[18]

The village hosts the Kilvey festival (meaning "festival of the first calf"[14]) during the calving season, when the reindeer are giving birth to their young. Visitors erect yaranga and the traditional Chukchi tambourine, the Yarar is played while the women prepare traditional food.[14] A bonfire is lit, sacrifices are made and a variety of sporting competitions involving jumping, throwing and wrestling take place.[14] The festival ends with a large communal feast.[14]

Transport

Illirney is not connected to any other settlement by permanent road[19] however, there is a small series of roads within the settlement including:[20]

  • Улица Лесная (Ulitsa Lesnaya, lit. Forest Street)
  • Улица Набережная (Ulitsa Naberezhnaya, lit. Quay Street)
  • Улица Центральная (Ulitsa Tsentralnaya, lit. Central Street)
  • Улица Школьная (Ulitsa Shkolnaya, lit. School Street)

Climate

With a subarctic climate (Köppen Dfc), Ilirney endures bitterly cold weather for much of the year, with temperatures almost never rising above freezing between October and April, and sometimes plummeting below −50 °C or −58 °F in January and February, although the freakish month of January 1950 averaged 19 °C (34.2 °F) above the long-term normal[21] owing to a huge block in the Bering Sea that more famously produced a huge cold wave in western Canada and Washington State.[22] Even the short summer period between June and August is cool with temperatures rarely rising above +20 °C (68 °F).

Climate data for Ilirney
Month Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec Year
Record high °C (°F) −0.5
(31.1)		 −1.2
(29.8)		 3.8
(38.8)		 9.0
(48.2)		 21.1
(70)		 31.0
(87.8)		 31.3
(88.3)		 31.1
(88)		 23.0
(73.4)		 7.7
(45.9)		 2.3
(36.1)		 0.6
(33.1)		 31.3
(88.3)
Average high °C (°F) −29.2
(−20.6)		 −27.5
(−17.5)		 −20.4
(−4.7)		 −10.6
(12.9)		 2.8
(37)		 15.7
(60.3)		 18.2
(64.8)		 14.3
(57.7)		 5.8
(42.4)		 −9.4
(15.1)		 −23.1
(−9.6)		 −29.2
(−20.6)		 −7.7
(18.1)
Daily mean °C (°F) −33.9
(−29)		 −32.8
(−27)		 −27.3
(−17.1)		 −17.6
(0.3)		 −1.7
(28.9)		 10.4
(50.7)		 12.7
(54.9)		 9.0
(48.2)		 1.2
(34.2)		 −13.9
(7)		 −27.6
(−17.7)		 −33.6
(−28.5)		 −12.9
(8.7)
Average low °C (°F) −39.3
(−38.7)		 −39.3
(−38.7)		 −35.6
(−32.1)		 −26.9
(−16.4)		 −8.6
(16.5)		 3.5
(38.3)		 5.8
(42.4)		 2.4
(36.3)		 −4.5
(23.9)		 −19.7
(−3.5)		 −32.8
(−27)		 −38.6
(−37.5)		 −19.5
(−3)
Record low °C (°F) −63.9
(−83)		 −60.6
(−77.1)		 −55.5
(−67.9)		 −46.1
(−51)		 −35.8
(−32.4)		 −8.3
(17.1)		 −7.3
(18.9)		 −10.1
(13.8)		 −27.8
(−18)		 −41.1
(−42)		 −54.6
(−66.3)		 −61.1
(−78)		 −63.9
(−83)
Average precipitation mm (inches) 30.9
(1.217)		 12.5
(0.492)		 21.0
(0.827)		 20.0
(0.787)		 42.0
(1.654)		 35.2
(1.386)		 38.0
(1.496)		 37.8
(1.488)		 25.4
(1)		 35.6
(1.402)		 24.5
(0.965)		 25.3
(0.996)		 348.2
(13.71)
Average precipitation days (≥ 0.1 mm) 12.0 11.0 11.2 8.4 7.9 9.4 10.8 11.0 11.9 16.3 14.2 13.3 137.4
Average relative humidity (%) 70.9 69.9 67.4 64.3 62.7 59.8 65.2 74.7 78.8 82.7 80.3 73.6 70.9
Mean monthly sunshine hours 3.1 70.0 173.6 261.0 266.6 270.0 213.9 167.4 120.0 49.6 15.0 0.0 1,610.2
Source: climatebase.ru[23]

See also

References

Notes

  1. 1 2 3 4 Law #33-OZ, Article 13.2
  2. 1 2 3 4 Law #43-OZ, Article 3
  3. 1 2 3 4 5 6 Городские и сельские поселения Urban and Rural Settlements - Official Bilibinsky District website (in Russian)
  4. 1 2 Russian Federal State Statistics Service (2011). "Всероссийская перепись населения 2010 года. Том 1" [2010 All-Russian Population Census, vol. 1]. Всероссийская перепись населения 2010 года (2010 All-Russia Population Census) (in Russian). Federal State Statistics Service. Retrieved June 29, 2012.
  5. 1 2 3 The results of the 2010 Census are given for Ilirney Rural Settlement, a municipal formation of Bilibinsky Municipal District. According to Law #148-OZ, Ilirney is the only inhabited locality on the territory of Ilirney Rural Settlement.
  6. ↑ Chukotka Autonomous Okrug Territorial Branch of the Federal State Statistics Service. Численность постоянного населения Чукотского автономного округа по муниципальным образованиям на 1 января 2016 года Archived 2016-08-16 at the Wayback Machine. (in Russian)
  7. ↑ The value of density was calculated automatically by dividing the 2010 Census population by the area specified in the infobox. Please note that this value may not be accurate as the area specified in the infobox does not necessarily correspond to the area of the entity proper or is reported for the same year as the population.
  8. ↑ Правительство Российской Федерации. Федеральный закон №107-ФЗ от 3 июня 2011 г. «Об исчислении времени», в ред. Федерального закона №271-ФЗ от 03 июля 2016 г. «О внесении изменений в Федеральный закон "Об исчислении времени"». Вступил в силу по истечении шестидесяти дней после дня официального опубликования (6 августа 2011 г.). Опубликован: "Российская газета", №120, 6 июня 2011 г. (Government of the Russian Federation. Federal Law #107-FZ of June 31, 2011 On Calculating Time, as amended by the Federal Law #271-FZ of July 03, 2016 On Amending Federal Law "On Calculating Time". Effective as of after sixty days following the day of the official publication.).
  9. ↑ Почта России. Информационно-вычислительный центр ОАСУ РПО. (Russian Post). Поиск объектов почтовой связи (Postal Objects Search) (in Russian)
  10. ↑ Ministry of Justice of the Russian Federation Archived 2012-02-08 at the Wayback Machine. Bilibinsky Municipal District (in Russian)
  11. ↑ V.V. Leontev and K.A. Novikova, Топонимический словарь северо-востока СССР (Toponymic Dictionary of the Northeastern USSR) (1989) Magadan. p.148
  12. 1 2 3 Illirney Chukotka Electoral Commission website
  13. ↑ Dallman, Map 3.6
  14. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 Strogoff, p.104
  15. ↑ МБОУ «Начальная школа — детский сад с. Илирней» Archived 2013-04-17 at Archive.is "Primary school - kindergarten. Illirny"
  16. 1 2 Bema Gold Corporation, p.89
  17. ↑ Галина Оброткина Видимый символ веры Galina Obrotkina, "A Visible Symbol of Faith" — Крайний Север (Krayny Sever) , 22 March 2010.
  18. ↑ Проект «Епархия», Project "Diocese", epharia.ru, 30 December 2011
  19. ↑ Map Q57-58 Archived 2013-05-02 at the Wayback Machine. at Vlasenko.net
  20. ↑ Illirney - Bilibinsky District at Pochtovik Mail Delivery Company
  21. ↑ Ilirnej, Russian Federation (Asian Sector) Monthly Mean Temperature
  22. ↑ Klein, William H.; ‘The Weather and Circulation of January 1950’; Monthly Weather Review, 78 (1950); pp. 13-14
  23. ↑ "Ilirney, Russia". Climatebase.ru. Retrieved 21 January 2013.

Sources

  • Bema Gold Corporation, Environmental Impact Assessment, Kupol Gold Project, Far East Russia June 2005.
  • W. K. Dallmann. Indigenous Peoples of the north of the Russian Federation, Map 3.6, Chukotskiy Avtonomyy Okrug. 1997.
  • Дума Чукотского автономного округа. Закон №33-ОЗ от 30 июня 1998 г. «Об административно-территориальном устройстве Чукотского автономного округа», в ред. Закона №55-ОЗ от 9 июня 2012 г. «О внесении изменений в Закон Чукотского автономного округа "Об административно-территориальном устройстве Чукотского автономного округа"». Вступил в силу по истечении десяти дней со дня его официального опубликования. Опубликован: "Ведомости", №7 (28), 14 мая 1999 г. (Duma of Chukotka Autonomous Okrug. Law #33-OZ of June 30, 1998 On the Administrative-Territorial Structure of Chukotka Autonomous Okrug, as amended by the Law #55-OZ of June 9, 2012 On Amending the Law of Chukotka Autonomous Okrug "On the Administrative-Territorial Structure of Chukotka Autonomous Okrug". Effective as of after ten days from the day of the official publication.). (in Russian)
  • Дума Чукотского автономного округа. Закон №43-ОЗ от 29 ноября 2004 г. «О статусе, границах и административных центрах муниципальных образований на территории Билибинского района Чукотского автономного округа», в ред. Закона №88-ОЗ от 20 октября 2010 г «О преобразовании путём объединения поселений на территории Билибинского муниципального района и внесении изменений в Закон Чукотского автономного округа "О статусе, границах и административных центрах муниципальных образований на территории Билибинского района Чукотского автономного округа"». Вступил в силу через десять дней со дня официального опубликования. Опубликован: "Ведомости", №31/1 (178/1), 10 декабря 2004 г. (Duma of Chukotka Autonomous Okrug. Law #43-OZ of November 29, 2004 On the Status, Borders, and Administrative Centers of the Municipal Formations on the Territory of Bilibinsky District of Chukotka Autonomous Okrug, as amended by the Law #88-OZ of October 20, 2010 On the Transformation (Merger) of the Settlements on the Territory of Bilibinsky Municipal District and Amending the Law of Chukotka Autonomous Okrug "On the Status, Borders, and Administrative Centers of the Municipal Formations on the Territory of Bilibinsky District of Chukotka Autonomous Okrug". Effective as of the day ten days after the official publication date.). (in Russian)
  • M Strogoff, P-C Brochet, and D. Auzias Petit Futé: Chukotka (2006). "Avant-Garde" Publishing House.
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