Hyperreligiosity

Hyperreligiosity
Classification and external resources
Specialty Psychiatry

Hyperreligiosity is a psychiatric disturbance in which a person experiences intense religious beliefs or experiences that interfere with normal functioning. Hyperreligiosity generally includes abnormal beliefs and a focus on religious content, which interferes with work and social functioning. Hyperreligiosity may occur in a variety of disorders including epilepsy,[1][2] psychotic disorders and frontotemporal lobar degeneration.[3] Hyperreligiosity is a symptom of Geschwind syndrome, which is associated with temporal lobe epilepsy.

Signs and symptoms

Hyperreligiosity is characterized by an increased tendency to report spiritual, religious or mystical experiences, religious delusions, rigid legalistic thoughts,[4] and extravagant expression of religiosity.[5][6] Hyperreligiosity may also include religious hallucinations.

Pathophysiology and cause

Hyperreligiosity may be associated with epilepsy — in particular temporal lobe epilepsy involving complex partial seizures — mania,[7] frontotemporal lobar degeneration, Anti-NMDA receptor encephalitis,[8] hallucinogen related psychosis[9] and psychotic disorder. In persons with epilepsy episodic hyperreligosity may occur ictally[10] or postictally, but is usually a chronic personality feature that occurs interictally.[2] Hyperrelgiosity was associated in one small study with decreased right hippocampal volume.[5] The medial prefrontal cortex may play a role in controlling religiousness, and dysfunction may lead to hyperreligiosity.[4] Increased activity in the left temporal regions has been associated with hyperreligiosity in psychotic disorders.[11] Pharmacological evidence points towards dysfunction in the ventral dopaminergic pathway.[12]

Treatment

Epilepsy related cases may respond to antiepileptics.[13]

References

  1. ↑ Tucker, D. M.; Novelly, R. A.; Walker, P. J. (1 March 1987). "Hyperreligiosity in temporal lobe epilepsy: redefining the relationship". The Journal of Nervous and Mental Disease. 175 (3): 181–184. ISSN 0022-3018. PMID 3819715.
  2. 1 2 Ogata, Akira; Miyakawa, Taihei (1 May 1998). "Religious experiences in epileptic patients with a focus on ictus-related episodes". Psychiatry and Clinical Neurosciences. 52 (3): 321–325. doi:10.1046/j.1440-1819.1998.00397.x. ISSN 1440-1819.
  3. ↑ Chan, Dennis; Anderson, Valerie; Pijnenburg, Yolande; Whitwell, Jennifer; Barnes, Jo; Scahill, Rachael; Stevens, John M.; Barkhof, Frederik; Scheltens, Philip; Rossor, Martin N.; Fox, Nick C. (1 May 2009). "The clinical profile of right temporal lobe atrophy". Brain: A Journal of Neurology. 132 (Pt 5): 1287–1298. doi:10.1093/brain/awp037. ISSN 1460-2156. PMID 19297506.
  4. 1 2 Muramoto, Osamu (1 January 2004). "The role of the medial prefrontal cortex in human religious activity". Medical Hypotheses. 62 (4): 479–485. doi:10.1016/j.mehy.2003.10.010. ISSN 0306-9877. PMID 15050093.
  5. 1 2 Wuerfel, J.; Krishnamoorthy, E. S.; Brown, R. J.; Lemieux, L.; Koepp, M.; Elst, L. Tebartz van; Trimble, M. R. (1 April 2004). "Religiosity is associated with hippocampal but not amygdala volumes in patients with refractory epilepsy". Journal of Neurology, Neurosurgery & Psychiatry. 75 (4): 640–642. doi:10.1136/jnnp.2002.006973. ISSN 1468-330X.
  6. ↑ LaPlante, Eve (22 March 2016). Seized: Temporal Lobe Epilepsy as a Medical, Historical, and Artistic Phenomenon. Open Road Distribution. p. 181. ISBN 9781504032773.
  7. ↑ "Hyperreligiosity in Psychotic Disorders (PDF Download Available)". ResearchGate.
  8. ↑ Kuppuswamy, PS; Takala, CR; Sola, CL (NaN). "Management of psychiatric symptoms in anti-NMDAR encephalitis: a case series, literature review and future directions". General hospital psychiatry. 36 (4): 388–91. doi:10.1016/j.genhosppsych.2014.02.010. PMID 24731834. Check date values in: |date= (help)
  9. ↑ Virginia, Sadock; Benjamin, Sadock; Pedro, Ruiz. Kaplan and Sadock's Comprehensive Textbook of Psychiatry (10th ed.). ISBN 978-1451100471. Clinically, they are said to have more mood swings, euphoria, grandiosity, hyperreligiosity, and multimodal hallucinations, and more prominent positive than negative symptoms.
  10. ↑ Garcia-Santibanez, Rocio; Sarva, Harini (1 January 2015). "Isolated Hyperreligiosity in a Patient with Temporal Lobe Epilepsy". Case Reports in Neurological Medicine. 2015. doi:10.1155/2015/235856. ISSN 2090-6668. PMC 4550801.
  11. ↑ Bouman, Daniëlle. "The neurobiological basis of hyper-religiosit".
  12. ↑ Previc, FH (September 2006). "The role of the extrapersonal brain systems in religious activity". Consciousness and cognition. 15 (3): 500–39. doi:10.1016/j.concog.2005.09.009. PMID 16439158.
  13. ↑ Anand, KE; Sadanandan, KS (1995). "Carbamazepine in interictal hyper religiosity: three Case Reports" (PDF). Indian J Psy. 37 (3).
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