Nemzeti Bajnokság I

Nemzeti Bajnokság I

Founded	1901
Country	Hungary
Confederation	UEFA
Number of teams	12
Level on pyramid	1
Relegation to	Nemzeti Bajnokság II
Domestic cup(s)	Magyar Kupa
International cup(s)	UEFA Champions League UEFA Europa League
Current champions	Videoton (3rd title) (2017–18)
Most championships	Ferencváros (29 titles)
TV partners	M4 Duna TV Duna World
Website	Magyar Labdarúgó Szövetség
2018–19 Nemzeti Bajnokság I

The Nemzeti Bajnokság (Hungarian pronunciation: [ˈnɛmzɛti ˈbɒjnokʃaːɡ], "National Championship") is the Hungarian professional league for association football clubs. The league is currently known as the OTP Bank Liga for sponsorship reasons,^[1] and it is the highest level of the professional league since its inception in 1901. UEFA currently ranks the league 36th in Europe.^[2]

Twelve teams compete in the league, playing each other twice, once at home and once away. At the end of the season, the top team enters the qualification for the UEFA Champions League, while the runner-up and the third place, together with the winner of the Hungarian Cup enters the UEFA Europa League qualification round. The bottom two clubs are relegated to Nemzeti Bajnokság II, the second-level league, to be replaced by the winner and the runner up of the NB2.

History

The trophy of the Nemzeti Bajnokság

The first championship in 1901 was contested by BTC, MUE, FTC, Műegyetemi AFC and Budapesti SC, with the latter winning the championship.^[3] Although the two first championships were won by Budapesti TC, the other titles that decade were won by FTC and MTK.^[4]

In the 1910s and 1920s the championship was dominated by Ferencváros and MTK.^[5][6]

In the 1930s, the rivalry between Ferencváros and MTK Budapest expanded with another club, Újpest FC (at that time not part of Budapest).^[7] One of the most iconic figures of the 1930s Hungarian football was Újpest's Zsengellér who managed to top goalscorer three times in a row in the 1930s.^[8] Ferencváros's Sárosi^[9] and MTK Budapest's Cseh^[10] and Újpest's Zsengellér were the embodiment of the rivalry of the three clubs from Budapest, named Budapest derby.^[11]

In the 1940s, Csepel could win its first title which was followed by two other titles in 1942 and 1943.^[12] During the World War II there were no interruptions in the Hungarian league. Due to the expansion of the territories of the country, new clubs could re-join the league such as Nagyvárad^[13] and Kolozsvár.^[14] The second half of the 1940s was dominated by Újpest by winning the championship in 1945, 1946 and 1947.^[15]

Ferenc Puskás scored 352 goals in 341 matches for Budapest Honvéd

In the 1950s, the dominance of Ferencváros and MTK weakened by the emergence of Honvéd with players such as Puskás,^[16] Bozsik,^[17] Czibor^[18] and Budai.^[19] Later these players played in the final of the 1954 FIFA World Cup. In the 1950s, Honvéd could win the championship five times. During the early 1950s, Honvéd players formed the backbone of the legendary Mighty Magyars. In 1956 the Hungarian league was suspended due to the Hungarian Revolution. The league was led by Honvéd after 21 rounds but the championship has never been finished.^[20] In the first season (1955-56) of the European Cup, MTK Budapest reached the quarter-finals while in the 1957-58 season Vasas Budapest played in the semi-finals of the European Cup.

Vasas won four titles in the 1960s (1960/61, 1961/62, 1965 and 1966).^[21]

Ferencváros legend Albert with Vasas legend Mészöly in the 1960s

Ujpest dominated the 1970s, winning seven titles.^[22]

In 1982 Győr won the championship becoming the first non-Budapest team who could win the Hungarian league (except Nagyvárad during the World War II). Győr could repeat the triumph in the following year in 1983. However, the 1980s was dominated by Honvéd who celebrated its second heyday during the 1980s.^[23]

Due to the collapse of the Communist era the Hungarian football clubs lost the support of the state. Therefore, many clubs faced with financial problems which effects are still present in the Hungarian football. However, the 1990s were still dominated by the 'traditional' clubs of the championships such Ferencváros, MTK, Újpest. Frencváros finished always in the top three, except for the 1993–94 season, when they finished 4th. The financial problems affected the performance of the clubs outside the Hungarian League as well. Hungarian clubs could not compete with the European counterparts. Moreover, the Bosman ruling also had a deep impact on the Hungarian League. Since big European clubs could invest loads of money into football, clubs from the Eastern Bloc were restricted to employ only home nationals.^[24]

In the 2000s new clubs became champions, mainly from rural Hungary. In 2002 Bozsik's Zalaegerszeg won the championship.^[25][26] Debrecen won the Hungarian league in 2005,^[27] 2006,^[28][29] 2007,^[30][31] 2009,^[32] 2010.^[33] In 2008 MTK could win.^[34]

The dominance of the rural clubs continued in the 2010s. In 2011^[35] and 2015^[36] Székesfehérvár's Videoton won the championship. In 2013^[37] Győr and in 2014^[38] Debrecen could win the Hungarian League title.

Format

As of the 2016–17 season there are 12 clubs in the division, who play each other thrice for a total of 33 games each. The bottom two clubs are relegated.^[39]

Champions

^[41]

Most titles

Below is a ranking of the clubs by most titles won.^[42]

Club	Titles	Winning seasons
Ferencváros	29	1903, 1905, 1906–07, 1908–09, 1909–10, 1910–11, 1911–12, 1912–13, 1925–26, 1926–27, 1927–28, 1931–32, 1933–34, 1937–38, 1939–40, 1940–41, 1948–49, 1962–63, 1964, 1967, 1968, 1975–76, 1980–81, 1991–92, 1994–95, 1995–96, 2000–01, 2003–04, 2015–16
MTK Budapest	23	1904, 1907–08, 1903–14, 1916–17, 1917–18, 1918–19, 1919–20, 1920–21, 1921–22, 1922–23, 1923–24, 1924–25, 1928–29, 1935–36, 1936–37, 1951, 1953, 1957–58, 1986–87, 1996–97, 1998–99, 2002–03, 2007–08
Újpest	20	1929–30, 1930–31, 1932–33, 1934–35, 1938–39, 1945, 1945–46, 1946–47, 1959–60, 1969, 1970, 1970–71, 1971–72, 1972–73, 1973–74, 1974–75, 1977–78, 1978–79, 1989–90, 1997–98
Budapest Honvéd	14	1949–50 (I), 1950 (II), 1952, 1954, 1955, 1979–80, 1983–84, 1984–85, 1985–86, 1987–88, 1988–89, 1990–91, 1992–93, 2016–17
Debrecen	7	2004–05, 2005–06, 2006–07, 2008–09, 2009–10, 2011–12, 2013–14
Vasas	6	1957, 1960–61, 1961–62, 1965, 1966, 1976–77
Győr *	4	1963, 1981–82, 1982–83, 2012–13
Csepel	4	1941–42, 1942–43, 1947–48, 1958–59
Videoton	3	2010–11, 2014–15, 2017–18
Budapesti TC	2	1901, 1902
Vác	1	1993–94
Nagyvárad ‡	1	1943–44
Dunaferr	1	1999–00
Zalaegerszeg	1	2001–02

Notes:

• † Dissolved before World War II
• ‡ Team from Oradea, which is now located in Romania
• * Includes Rába Vasas ETO Győr, Győri Vasas ETO

Most seasons

The following clubs have spent more than 50 seasons in the Nemzeti Bajnokság I. Clubs in bold compete in the 2018–19 season.

For a complete list see: Most seasons

Top scorers

Players

Ferenc Puskás

One of the most notable players of the Hungarian League was Ferenc Puskás who played for Budapest Honvéd. He played for Honvéd from 1943 to 1955 and then for Real Madrid. He made his first senior appearance for Kispest in November 1943 in a match against Nagyváradi AC.^[45]

See also

• List of Nemzeti Bajnokság I clubs
• List of Nemzeti Bajnokság I managers
• List of Nemzeti Bajnokság I stadiums
• Hungarian football clubs in European competitions

References

External links

• Hungarian football league (in Hungarian)
• League at UEFA
• NB I current season results and table at Soccerway
• Hungary league tables overview page at RSSSF
• List of current NB 1 clubs at magyarfutball.hu
• Hungarian Football Page
• League champions and runners-up at Nemzeti sport (in Hungarian)