Genome Project-Write

Since the Human Genome Project first sequenced the human genome from 1987 to 2004 at a cost of US$ 3 billion, costs have fallen precipitously, outpacing even Moore's law, and were ≈US$1,000 in 2015. More widely available genome sequencing has led to more data on variants of uncertain significance.

The Genome Project - Write (also known as GP-Write) includes sub-projects like Human Genome Project-Write (HGP-Write), formally announced on 2 Jun 2016, is an extension of Genome Projects (aimed at reading genomes since 1984), now to include development of technologies for synthesis and testing of many genomes of microbes, plants and animals.[1][2][3][4][5][6] This leverages two decades of work on Synthetic Biology and Artificial gene synthesis.

The newly created GP-Write project will be managed by the Center of Excellence for Engineering Biology,[7] a new nonprofit organization. The researchers expect that the ability to synthesize large portions of many genomes would result in many scientific and medical advances.[1][2][3][4][5][6]

Microbial Genome Projects - Write

Technologies for constructing and testing Yeast artificial chromosomes, synthetic yeast genomes (Sc2.0)[8] and virus/phage-resistant bacterial genomes have industrial, agricultural and medical applications.[2]

Human Genome Project-Write

The human genome consists of three billion DNA nucleotides, which have been described in the Human Genome Project - Read program, 95% completed in 2004. Examples of goals of GP-Write include making cell lines that are resistant to all viruses and synthesis assembly lines to test variants of unknown significance that arise in research and diagnostic sequencing of human genomes (which has been exponentially improving in cost, quality and interpretation).[2]

See also

References

  1. 1 2 Pollack, Andrew (2 June 2016). "Scientists Announce HGP-Write, Project to Synthesize the Human Genome". New York Times. Retrieved 2 June 2016.
  2. 1 2 3 4 Boeke, JD, Church G, Hessel A, Kelley NJ, Arkin A, Cai Y, Carlson R, Chakravarti A, Cornish VW, Holt L, Isaacs FJ, Kuiken T, Lajoie M, Lessor T, Lunshof J, Maurano MT, Mitchell LA, Rine J, Rosser S, Sanjana NE, Silver PA, Valle D, Wang H, Way JC, Yang L; et al. (2 June 2016). "The Genome Project–Write". Science. 353: 126–127. Bibcode:2016Sci...353..126B. doi:10.1126/science.aaf6850. PMID 27256881. Retrieved 2 June 2016.
  3. 1 2 Callaway, Ewen (2 June 2016). "Plan to Synthesize Human Genome Triggers a Mixed Response". Scientific American. Retrieved 2 June 2016.
  4. 1 2 Regalado, Antonio (2 June 2016). "Plan to Fabricate a Genome Raises Questions on Designer Humans". MIT Technology Review. Retrieved 2 June 2016.
  5. 1 2 Akst, Jef (2 June 2016). ""Human Genome Project-Write" Unveiled". The Scientist. Retrieved 2 June 2016.
  6. 1 2 Opal, Puneet; Kini, Ameet (3 June 2016). "The Brave New World of the Synthetic Human Genome". Time. Retrieved 12 June 2016.
  7. ↑ "Center of Excellence for Engineering Biology". Retrieved 2 Mar 2017.
  8. ↑ "Synthetic yeast genomes (Sc2.0)". Retrieved 2 Mar 2017.

Further reading

  • McElheny, Victor K. (2010). Drawing the Map of Life: Inside the Human Genome Project. Basic Books. ISBN 978-0-465-03260-0. 361 pages. Examines the intellectual origins, history, and motivations of the project to map the human genome; draws on interviews with key figures.
  • Church, G, Regis E (2014). Regenesis. Basic Books. ISBN 0465075703.
  • Josefine Liljeruhm, Erik Gullberg, Anthony C Forster (2014). Synthetic Biology. A Lab Manual. World Scientific Publishing Company. ISBN 9814579548.
  • Genome Project-Write: official information page of the consortium
  • National Human Genome Research Institute (NHGRI). NHGRI led the National Institutes of Health's contribution to the International Human Genome Project. This project, which had as its primary goal the sequencing of the three billion base pairs that make up human genome, was 95% complete in April 2004.
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