Holland-class offshore patrol vessel

HNLMS Holland (Min. of Defence)
Class overview
Builders:
Operators:  Royal Netherlands Navy
Cost:
  • €467.8m (project)
  • ~US$150m/ship
In commission: 2012–present
Completed: 4
Active: 4
General characteristics
Type: Offshore patrol vessel
Displacement: approx. 3,750 tons full load
Length: 108.4 m (355 ft 8 in)
Beam: 16 m (52 ft 6 in)
Draught: 4.55 m (14 ft 11 in)
Propulsion:
  • RENK CODELOD
  • 2x MAN 12V28/33D diesel engines (5460KW each)
Speed: 21.5 knots (39.8 km/h; 24.7 mph)
Range: 5,000 nautical miles (9,300 km; 5,800 mi) at 15 knots (28 km/h; 17 mph)
Endurance: 21 days[1]
Boats & landing
craft carried:
  • 1 × Fast Rescue Boat (FRB)
  • 2 × Fast Raiding Interception and Special Forces Craft (FRISC)
Complement: 54 (+ additional space for 40)
Sensors and
processing systems:
  • Thales Integrated Mast
  • SeaMaster 400 SMILE non-rotating air warning radar
  • SeaWatcher 100 active phased array surface detection and tracking radar
  • GateKeeper Electro-optical 360° surveillance system
Armament:
Aircraft carried: 1 x NH90 helicopter[2]
Aviation facilities: fully equipped hangar and flight deck for one medium-sized helicopter

The Holland-class offshore patrol vessels are a class of four offshore patrol vessels constructed for the Royal Netherlands Navy. They are designed to fulfill patrol and intervention tasks against lightly armed opponents, such as pirates and smugglers, but have much higher level electronic and radar surveillance capabilities which are used for military stabilization and security roles, short of outright war. Without sonar or long range weapons, they utilize the surveillance capabilities of the Thales integrated mast, which integrates communication systems and two 4-faced phased arrays for air and surface search.[3]

History

A contract between the Royal Netherlands Navy and Damen Schelde Naval Shipbuilding in Vlissingen, the Netherlands was signed in 2007 for the construction of four vessels at a total cost of €467.8 million.[4]

The vessels resulted from the Dutch Ministry of Defence's Marinestudie.[5] The study proposes the sale of four existing Karel Doorman-class frigates, and using the proceeds and savings of the sale to commission four dedicated patrol vessels, allow the building of a more capable Joint Support Ship to replace the auxiliary replenishment ship HNLMS Zuiderkruis, and reintroducing a mine-sweeping capability to the Dutch Navy.

The vessels are designed for global use, in particular to be deployed to the Caribbean region, the South China Sea and the North Sea.[4] They have the capability to carry out missions such as anti-piracy and blockade duties, and also can be used for emergency transport.[4] They are constructed with heavier mild steel and armour,[6] which results in a more robust ship of greater weight, than the previous M class frigates

Armament

The Holland class' main armament is a 76 mm Oto Melara Super Rapid gun with a firing rate of 120 rounds per minute and a maximum range of 16 km (9.9 mi).[4]

Due to their size and sensor suite, the OPVs can be compared to corvettes and frigates. However, their relatively light armament does not fit with that qualification.

A cannon (Oto Melara 76 mm) is adequate for deployment against smuggling vessels (such as interception of drug transports with fast speed boats in the Caribbean). Secondary armament is provided by a 30 mm Oto Melara Marlin WS rapid cannon, two 12.7 mm Oto Melara Hitrole NT's and two 12.7 mm M2HB machine guns.[4] All can be remotely operated.[4] Two water cannons are used for non-lethal protection and fire fighting. In addition, there are six stations for hand-operated FN MAG-7.62mm machine guns.

For the interception of fast speedboats (which after all are faster than the OPV), two so-called FRISCs (small vessels) are transported, which reach a speed of more than 40 knots. One of them is carried in davits, the other in a small dock (a slipway) on the stern (below the helideck). The ships will receive a Combat Management System (CMS) from CAMS-Force Vision.

Although there is sufficient space and weight reserve for expansions, the construction does not take into account the clicking on of additional weapon modules (the taking of various facilities or the so-called provisions for). The absence of an adequate air defense system prevents pre-deployment in high risk areas. It has been argued that this can be provided for with the Italian Davide / DART system, but for the time being there are no plans to purchase that system. Another possibility is to provide the Marlin canon with Mistral missile. If necessary, embarked marines with portable Stinger missiles can provide limited protection. Expansion with a Mk 29 GMLS (Mod 4 & 5) or a Mk 57 Vertical launching system, which is capable of firing the RIM-162 Evolved Sea Sparrow Missile (ESSM), would be a significant improvement in air defense, whereby the OPVs would then be able to be deployed in high risk crisis areas. The Mk 57 Vertical launching system is also capable of firing an anti-ship missile such as the Naval Strike Missile, making the Holland class a full-fledged naval vessel at relatively low costs.

Sensor suite

The ships are able to monitor to 250 km (160 mi) range air, missile and UAV targets and 70 km (43 mi) range surface targets [7] using a Thales Integrated Sensor and Communication Systems (ISCS), comprising a SeaMaster 400 air warning radar, a Watcher 100 active phased-array surface detection and tracking radar, claimed to be able to detect small objects such as mines and periscopes on the sea surface at 40 km (25 mi) range,[8] link 11 & 16 data links [9] a mine detection sonar and an infra-red Gatekeeper/electro-optical (EO) warning system.[4] The sensor systems are housed in an integrated mast, also provided by Thales, called the I-Mast 400.[10] Thales also built the satellite communications system for the ships.[11]

Propulsion

The Holland class is fitted with a combined electric or diesel (CODELOD) propulsion system.[4] The gears manufactured by RENK combine one MAN 12V28/33D diesel rated at 5,460 kW (7,320 hp) and a 400 kW (540 hp) electric motor driving a controllable-pitch propeller on each of the two shafts.[4] The electric motor is used mainly for low-speed operations.[4]

Specifications

Holland-class ships have a tonnage of 3,750 tons, are 108.4 metres (355 ft 8 in) in length, 16 metres (52 ft 6 in) in beam and have a draft of 4.55 metres (14 ft 11 in).[12] The ships have a speed of 21.5 knots (39.8 km/h; 24.7 mph) and a range of 5,000 nautical miles (9,300 km; 5,800 mi) at 15 knots (28 km/h; 17 mph).[12] The ship's complement is 52, as well as up to 39 people for duties such as helicopter or medical crew.[13]

Other characteristics

The ships are built to a design that is intended to reduce the ability of radar to detect them,[4] as well improving seakeeping by locating the superstructure unusually far aft.[13] The ships are painted a new light blue-gray color, which supposedly has a better camouflage-effect than the standard light-grey paint used by other RNLN ships. The ships have a hangar and flightdeck for an NH-90 helicopter[4] and also carry two Fast Raiding Interception Special forces Craft (FRISC), with a speed of more than 40 knots (74 km/h; 46 mph).

Beside these special forces crafts, the Holland class has an improved internal communication infrastructure and is more resistant to the use of resources that are characteristic for asymmetric warfare.

Ships in class

On 20 December 2007 the contract was signed with Dutch-based Damen Schelde Naval Shipbuilding for four ships at a cost of around €467.8 million.[4]

While the first two vessels were built at the Vlissingen shipyard in the Netherlands, to save cost and speed up completion the remainder of the class were assembled at Damen Schelde's shipyard in Galati in Romania. The Thales I-mast is a separate, air-tight module which was built separately from the rest of the ships and then bolted on once complete. The Friesland was actually commissioned before her mast was installed.[14]

The ships were named after Dutch provinces of historical maritime importance.

Pennant number Ship Laid down[13] Launched[13] Commissioned[13]
P840 Holland 8 December 2008 2 February 2010 6 July 2012
P841 Zeeland 5 October 2009 20 November 2010 23 August 2013
P842 Friesland 26 November 2009 4 November 2010 22 January 2013
P843 Groningen 9 April 2010 21 April 2011 29 November 2013

Holland (P840)

Holland was laid down on 8 December 2008, launched on 2 February 2010 and commissioned on 12 May 2011.[13] She was built at the Damen Schelde shipyard in Vlissingen.[15] On 16 November 2011 she was the first ship in her class to receive the Thales Integrated Mast IM-400. The ship entered service during the 2012 Dutch navy days in Den Helder.

Zeeland (P841)

Zeeland was laid down on 5 October 2009 and launched on 20 November 2010.[13] She began sea trials on 31 August 2011.[15] She was built at the Damen Schelde shipyard in Vlissingen.[15] Zeeland was delivered on 20 October 2011, and received her Thales Integrated Mast IM-400 in December 2012. To enter service after final fitting out and finishing trials.[16] Zeeland was commissioned on 23 August 2013 at Vlissingen.

Friesland (P842)

Friesland was laid down on 26 November 2009 and launched on 4 November 2010.[13] She began sea trials on 27 September 2011, and she was delivered to the Defense Material Organisation (DMO) on 11 April 2012.[17] She was built at the Damen Schelde shipyard in Galați.[17] On 26 April 2012, she assisted in the rescue of a sail training vessel off Iona while participating in an international exercise.[18]

Groningen

Groningen (P843)

Groningen was laid down on 9 April 2010 and launched on 21 April 2011.[13] She was built at the Damen Schelde shipyard in Galați.[15]

References

  1. ↑ "Information Dissemination: The Holland-class OPVs Will Need A Change".
  2. ↑ "Oceangoing Patrol Vessel" (in Dutch). Navy Inside. Archived from the original on 2007-05-04. Retrieved 5 August 2008.
  3. ↑ C. Waters. Modern European Offshore Patrol Vessels in Warship 2013, Conway, London (2013), p. 88-92.
  4. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 "Holland Class Patrol Vessels, Netherlands". Naval-Technology.com. Archived from the original on 2 October 2011. Retrieved 19 June 2011.
  5. ↑ "Marinestudie 2005" (PDF) (in Dutch). Dutch Ministry of Defence. Archived from the original (pdf) on 3 April 2012. Retrieved 19 June 2011.
  6. ↑ Information Dissemination. Holland Class OPVs. The intersection of Maritime Strategy & Strategic Communications
  7. ↑ SeaMaster 400. Thalesgroup. Hengeio. Netherlands
  8. ↑ SeaWatcher 100. Thalesgroup. Hengeio. Netherlands
  9. ↑ .C. Waters. Modern European Offshore Patrol vessels. Warship 2013, p91,
  10. ↑ "Integrated Mast". Thales. Archived from the original on 2 October 2011. Retrieved 2 October 2011.
  11. ↑ "Royal Netherlands Navy Chooses Thales-Built Satcom Solution". Naval-Technology.com. 13 October 2009. Archived from the original on 2 October 2011. Retrieved 2 October 2011.
  12. 1 2 "Holland Class Patrol Vessels, Netherlands". Naval-Technology.com. Archived from the original on 2 October 2011. Retrieved 2 October 2011.
  13. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 "Holland Class Patrol Vessels". Damen Schelde Naval Shipbuilding. Retrieved 2 October 2011.
  14. ↑ Waters, Conrad (April 2016), "Holland on Patrol", Ships Monthly: 28–31
  15. 1 2 3 4 "The Netherlands: Damen Schelde Naval Starts SAT for Patrol Vessel Zeeland". Shipbuilding Tribune. 2 September 2011. Archived from the original on 2 October 2011. Retrieved 2 October 2011.
  16. ↑ "The Royal Netherlands Navy Receives Second OPV Zeeland Built by Damen Schelde Naval". Shipbuilding Tribune. 24 October 2011. Archived from the original on 25 October 2011. Retrieved 25 October 2011.
  17. 1 2 "Royal Netherlands Navy's OPV Begins Sea Acceptance Trials". Shipbuilding Tribune. 28 September 2011. Archived from the original on 2 October 2011. Retrieved 2 October 2011.
  18. ↑ "Tobermory lifeboat and Dutch warship rescue sail training vessel". BBC. 27 April 2012. Retrieved 27 April 2012.
  • "Kamerbrief over Project Patrouilleschepen" (in Dutch). Ministerie van defensie. November 15, 2007. Archived from the original on May 17, 2008. Retrieved August 5, 2008.
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