Hickson Compact Group

Hickson Compact Group
Alternative names	Hickson Galaxy Groups
Survey type	Astronomical catalog
Target	Galaxy
Named after	Paul Hickson
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Hickson Compact Group 7 image taken by the Hubble Space Telescope. This grouping is composed of one lenticular (lens-shaped) and three spiral galaxies in close proximity.^[1]

A Hickson Compact Group (abbreviation: HCG) is a collection of galaxies designated as published by Paul Hickson in 1982.^[2]

The most famous group on Hickson’s list of 100 objects is HCG 92, Stephan's Quintet.

Hickson Compact Groups

According to Hickson: “Most compact groups contain a high fraction of galaxies having morphological or kinematical peculiarities, nuclear radio and infrared emission, and starburst or active galactic nuclei (AGN) activity. They contain large quantities of diffuse gas and are dynamically dominated by dark matter. They most likely form as subsystems within looser associations and evolve by gravitational processes. Strong galaxy interactions result and merging is expected to lead to the ultimate demise of the group. Compact groups are surprisingly numerous, and may play a significant role in galaxy evolution.”^[3]

List

Image	HCG	Right ascension^[4]	Declination^[4]	Galaxy count^[5]	Members	Notes
galaxy cluster Hickson 1	1	00^h 26.0^m	+25° 43′	4	UGC 248, PGC 1625, PGC 1614, PGC 1618
	2	00^h 31^m 24^s	+08° 26.8′	4	UGC 312, Markarian 552, UGC 314, UGC 315
	3	00^h 34^m 11^s	−07° 35.6′	4
	4	00^h 34^m 15.3^s	−21° 26′ 52″	5
	5	00^h 38^m 54^s	+07° 03.8′	4
	6	00^h 39^m 10^s	−08° 23.7′	4
	7	00^h 39^m 15.9^s	+00° 53′ 17″	4	NGC 192, NGC 196, NGC 197, NGC 201	Contains three spirals and one lenticular galaxy^[6]
	8	00^h 49^m 37^s	+23° 34.8′	4
	9	00^h 54^m 18^s	−23° 33.1′	4
	10	01^h 26^m 24.5^s	+34° 42′ 51″	4	NGC 536, NGC 529, NGC 531, NGC 542
	11	01^h 26.6^m	−23° 13′	4
	12	01^h 27^m 33.7^s	−04° 40′ 14″	5
	13	01^h 32.4^m	−07° 52′	5
	14	01^h 59^m 47^s	−07° 01.7′	4
	15	02^h 07^m 39.0^s	+02° 08′ 18″	6
	16	02^h 09^m 31.3^s	−10° 09′ 31″	4		Contains three starburst galaxies, two LINER galaxies, and a Seyfert 2 galaxy^[7]
	17	02^h 14^m 04.5^s	+13° 18′ 54″	5
	18	02^h 39^m 06.10^s	+18° 23′ 02.0″	4
	19	02^h 42^m 45^s	−12° 24.7′	4
	20	02^h 44^m 14^s	+26° 06.2′	6
	21	02^h 45^m 16.9^s	−17° 37′ 35″	5
	22	03^h 03^m 31^s	−15° 40.5′	5
	23	03^h 07^m 06^s	−09° 35.1′	5
	24	03^h 20.3^m	−10° 51′	4
	25	03^h 20^m 43.7^s	−01° 03′ 07″	7
	26	03^h 21^m 54^s	−13° 38.8′	4
	27	04^h 19.4^m	−11° 42′	5
	28	04^h 27^m 19^s	−10° 19.0′	4
	29	04^h 34^m 45^s	−30° 32.8′	4
	30	04^h 36.5^m	−02° 49′	4
	31	05^h 01^m 37^s	−04° 15.4′	4	NGC 1741A, PGC 16570, NGC 1741B, PGC 16571
	32	05^h 01.7^m	−15° 25′	4
	33	05^h 10^m 47.6^s	+18° 01′ 11″	4
	34	05^h 21^m 47^s	+06° 40.6′	4
	35	08^h 45^m 20.71^s	+44° 32′ 23.1″	6
	36	09^h 09^m 24^s	+15° 47.7′	4
	37	09^h 13^m 35.6^s	+30° 00′ 51″	5
	38	09^h 27.6^m	+12° 16′	4
	39	09^h 29^m 28^s	−01° 20.7′	4
	40	09^h 38^m 54^s	−04° 51.1′	6
	41	09^h 57^m 40^s	+45° 14.4′	4
	42	10^h 00^m 13.1^s	−19° 38′ 24″	4
	43	10^h 11.2^m	−00° 01′	5
	44	10^h 18^m 00^s	+21° 48.7′	4
	45	10^h 19.2^m	+59° 06′	4
	46	10^h 22.0^m	+17° 48′	4
	47	10^h 25^m 48^s	+13° 43.9′	4
	48	10^h 37^m 45.6^s	−27° 04′ 50″	4
	49	10^h 56^m 36^s	+67° 10.8′	4
	50	11^h 17^m 06^s	+54° 55.1′	5
	51	11^h 22^m 21.6^s	+24° 19′ 41″	6
	52	11^h 26.3^m	+21° 05′	4
	53	11^h 28^m 58^s	+20° 46.6′	4
	54	11^h 29^m 15^s	+20° 34.7′	4
	55	11^h 32^m 07^s	+70° 48.7′	5
	56	11^h 32^m 32^s	+52° 56.9′	5
	57	11^h 37^m 50.5^s	+21° 59′ 06″	8		Also known as Copeland's Septet
	58	11^h 42^m 09.4^s	+10° 16′ 30″	5
	59	11^h 48^m 27^s	+12° 43.0′	5	IC 737, IC 736, PGC 36871, PGC 36867, PGC 36851
	60	12^h 03^m 05^s	+51° 41.6′	4
	61	12^h 12^m 24^s	+29° 10.7′	4
	62	12^h 53^m 05.6^s	−09° 12′ 21″	4
	63	13^h 02.2^m	−32° 46′	4
	64	13^h 25^m 43^s	−03° 51.5′	4
	65	13^h 29^m 53^s	−29° 30.0′	5
	66	13^h 38^m 33^s	+57° 18.3′	4
	67	13^h 49^m 03.5^s	−07° 12′ 20″	4
	68	13^h 53^m 40.9^s	+40° 19′ 07″	5
	69	13^h 55^m 31^s	+25° 03.8′	4
	70	14^h 04^m 07.4^s	+33° 19′ 10″	6
	71	14^h 11.1^m	+25° 29′	4
	72	14^h 47^m 55^s	+19° 03.6′	5
	73	15^h 02^m 40.1^s	+23° 21′ 13″	5
	74	15^h 19^m 28^s	+20° 53.6′	5
	75	15^h 21^m 37.0^s	+21° 10′ 50″	6
	76	15^h 31.7^m	+07° 18′	5
	77	15^h 49^m 17^s	+21° 49.7′	4
	78	15^h 48.5^m	+68° 12′	4
	79	15^h 59^m 13^s	+20° 45.1′	5	NGC 6027, NGC 6027a, NGC 6027b, NGC 6027c, NGC 6027d, NGC 6027e (tidal tail of NGC 6027)	Also known as UGC 10116, VV 115, Seyfert's Sextet or Serpens Sextet. Contains 2 lenticular galaxies, 3 spiral galaxies (one barred spiral) and a tidal tail.
	80	15^h 59^m 12^s	+65° 13.6′	4
	81	16^h 18^m 13^s	+12° 47.6′	4
	82	16^h 28^m 22.1^s	+32° 49′ 25″	4
	83	16^h 35^m 40.9^s	+06° 16′ 12″	4
	84	16^h 44^m 08^s	+77° 50.2′	6
	85	18^h 50^m 22.3^s	+73° 21′ 00″	4
	86	19^h 51^m 59.2^s	−30° 49′ 34″	4
	87	20^h 48^m 11^s	−19° 50.4′	4	ESO 597-36, PGC 65409, ESO 597-35, PGC 65414	One of the most compact groups, hosting two active galactic nuclei and a starburst among its three members, all of which show signs of interaction
	88	20^h 52.4^m	−05° 45′	4
	89	21^h 20.2^m	−03° 54′	4
	90	22^h 02^m 06.3^s	−31° 55′ 48″	4
	91	22^h 09^m 00.8^s	−27° 47′ 36″	4
	92	22^h 35^m 57.5^s	+33° 57′ 36″	5	NGC 7317, NGC 7318A, NGC 7318B, NGC 7319, NGC 7320C	Also called Stephan's Quintet, one galaxy of the sixsome, NGC 7320, is not part of the HCG but is a foreground galaxy in front of the five galaxies in the HCG. When discovered, two of the galaxies in the grouping were considered to be one galaxy, NGC 7318.
	93	23^h 15^m 12.2^s	+18° 59′ 31″	5
	94	23^h 17^m 16.5^s	+18° 43′ 11″	7
	95	23^h 19^m 32^s	+09° 29.5′	4
	96	23^h 27^m 58^s	+08° 46.4′	4
	97	23^h 47^m 24.0^s	−02° 19′ 08″	5
	98	23^h 54.2^m	+00° 22′	4
	99	00^h 00^m 43^s	+28° 23.7′	4
	100	00^h 01.3^m	+13° 07′	4

Gallery

NGC 201 is a barred spiral galaxy similar to the Milky Way, a member of HCG 7^[8]
HCG 22 by Hubble Space Telescope^[9]
Hickson Compact Group 59 by Hubble Space Telescope
HCG 31 by Hubble Space Telescope
HCG 31
The four members of HCG 44 by Hunter Wilson

References

↑ "Crowded, but Suspiciously Quiet?". Picture of the Week. ESA/Hubble. Retrieved 10 August 2011.
↑ Hickson, Paul (1982). "Systematic properties of compact groups of galaxies". Astrophysical Journal. 255: 382–391. Bibcode:1982ApJ...255..382H. doi:10.1086/159838.
↑ "Compact Groups of Galaxies". Retrieved 2006-10-23.
1 2 "HCG". SIMBAD. Centre de données astronomiques de Strasbourg. Retrieved 8 March 2017.
↑ Hickson, P. (1982). "Systematic properties of compact groups of galaxies". Astrophysical Journal. 255: Part 1, 382–391. Bibcode:1982ApJ...255..382H. doi:10.1086/159838.
↑ "Anne's Picture of the Day: Hickson Compact Group 7". Anne's Astronomy News. 27 December 2012.
↑ "Hubble views a bizarre cosmic quartet". Space Daily. 22 June 2015.
↑ "A fossil in the making". ESA/Hubble Picture of the Week. Retrieved 3 July 2014.
↑ "A members-only galaxy club". ESA/Hubble Picture of the Week. Retrieved 10 December 2013.

External links

Astronomy Picture of the Day - Galaxy Group Hickson 31 - 22 February 2010

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[1] "Crowded, but Suspiciously Quiet?". Picture of the Week. ESA/Hubble. Retrieved 10 August 2011.

[Hickson1993-2] Hickson, Paul (1982). "Systematic properties of compact groups of galaxies". Astrophysical Journal. 255: 382–391. Bibcode:1982ApJ...255..382H. doi:10.1086/159838.

[Hickson1997-3] "Compact Groups of Galaxies". Retrieved 2006-10-23.

[simbad-4] 1 2 "HCG". SIMBAD. Centre de données astronomiques de Strasbourg. Retrieved 8 March 2017.

[5] Hickson, P. (1982). "Systematic properties of compact groups of galaxies". Astrophysical Journal. 255: Part 1, 382–391. Bibcode:1982ApJ...255..382H. doi:10.1086/159838.

[6] "Anne's Picture of the Day: Hickson Compact Group 7". Anne's Astronomy News. 27 December 2012.

[SpaceDaily-2015-06-22-7] "Hubble views a bizarre cosmic quartet". Space Daily. 22 June 2015.

[8] "A fossil in the making". ESA/Hubble Picture of the Week. Retrieved 3 July 2014.

[9] "A members-only galaxy club". ESA/Hubble Picture of the Week. Retrieved 10 December 2013.