Haplology

Sound change and alternation
Fortition
Dissimilation

Haplology (from Greek ἁπλόος haplóos "simple" and λόγος lógos, "speech") is defined as the elimination of a syllable when two identical or similar syllables occur consecutively. The phenomenon was identified by American philologist Maurice Bloomfield in the 20th century.[1] Linguists sometimes jokingly refer to the phenomenon as "haplogy".[2] As a general rule, haplology occurs in English adverbs of adjectives ending in "le", for example gentlely > gently; ablely > ably.

Examples

  • Basque: sagarrardo > sagardo ('apple cider')
  • Dutch: narcissisme > narcisme ('narcissism')
  • English:
    • Old English Englaland > England [1]
    • morphophonology > morphonology[3]
    • coercitive (obsolete spelling) > coercive[4]
    • mono nomial > monomial
    • urine analysis > urinalysis
    • Colloquial (non-standard spellings signalled by *):
      • library (RP: /ˈlaɪbrərɪ/) > *libry /ˈlaɪbrɪ/
      • particularly > *particuly
      • probably > *probly
      • February > *Febury, *Febuary
      • representative > * representive
      • authoritative > * authoritive
  • Latin:
    • nutritrix > nutrix 'nurse'
    • idololatria > idolatria (hence idolatry)
  • Biological Latin:
  • Homeric Greek: amphiphoreus (ἀμφιφορεύς) > amphoreus (ἀμφορεύς) 'two-handled pitcher, amphora'[6]
  • Classical Arabic: tataqātalūna (تَتَقَاتَلُونَ) > taqātalūna (تَقَاتَلُونَ) 'you are fighting each other'[7]
  • Spanish: impudicicia > impudicia 'lack of modesty' (i.e. the nominal form of impudico, "immodest")[8]

See also

Notes

  1. 1 2 "Merriam-Webster's Word of the Day for February 6, 2008". Merriam-Webster Online. Retrieved 2008-02-06.
  2. ↑ U. Pani Shad et alii (1971). "Glossary of linguistic terminology". In Zwicky, Arnold M.; Salus, Peter H.; Binnick, Robert I.; Vanek, Anthony L. Studies out in Left Field: Defamatory essays presented to James D. McCawley on his 33rd or 34th birthday. Linguistic Research. p. 125. Reprinted as: U. Pani Shad et alii (1992). "Glossary of linguistic terminology". In Zwicky, Arnold M.; Salus, Peter H.; Binnick, Robert I.; Vanek, Anthony L. Studies out in Left Field: Defamatory essays presented to James D. McCawley on his 33rd or 34th birthday. John Benjamins. p. 125. doi:10.1075/z.63.
  3. ↑ Trubetskoy, N.S. (1969). "Appendix II: Thoughts on Morphonology". In Baltaxe (transl.), Christiane A. M. Principles of Phonology. Berkeley and Los Angeles: University of California Press. p. 305. ISBN 0-520-01535-5. By morphonology or morphophonology we understand, as is well known, the study of the utilization in morphology of the phonological means of language. Translated from the German (Grundzüge der Phonologie, Prague, 1939).
  4. ↑ Oxford English Dictionary (online version ed.). November 2010.
  5. ↑ "Mammal Species of the World - Browse: Nycteridae". bucknell.edu.
  6. ↑ Hock, Hans Henrich (1986). "Sound change: Dissimilation, haplology, metathesis". Principles of Historical Linguistics. De Gruyter. p. 109. ISBN 3-11-010600-0.
  7. ↑ Kaye, Alan (1987). "Arabic". In Bernard Comrie. The World's Major Languages. Oxford University Press. p. 567. ISBN 0-19-520521-9.
  8. ↑ "DRAE entry for 'impudicicia'". Diccionario de la lengua española Vigésima tercera edición (in Spanish). Retrieved 2017-11-02.

References

  • Crowley, Terry. (1997) An Introduction to Historical Linguistics. 3rd edition. Oxford University Press.
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