Hank Garland

Hank Garland
Background information
Birth name	Walter Louis Garland aka Hank "Sugarfoot" Garland
Born	(1930-11-11)11 November 1930 Cowpens, South Carolina, U.S.
Died	27 December 2004(2004-12-27) (aged 74) Orange Park, Florida
Genres	Jazz,[1] country[1] rock
Occupation(s)	Musician, Artist, Arranger
Instruments	Guitar, Mandolin, 6-string electric Bass Guitar, Classical Guitar, Tiple , Ukulele, Fiddle, Banjo,
Years active	1946–1961
Associated acts	Elvis Presley, Roy Orbison, Patsy Cline, The Everly Brother's, Brenda Lee, Patti Page, Eddy Arnold, Faron Young, Don Gibson, Cowboy Copas, Carter Sister's, Marty Robbins, Bobby Helms, Jimmy Dickens,

Walter Louis "Hank" Garland (11 November 1930 – 27 December 2004) was a studio musician who performed with Johnny Cash, Elvis Presley, Patsy Cline, Moon Mullican, Brenda Lee, Roy Orbison, and Patti Page

Biography

Born in Cowpens, South Carolina,^[2] Garland began playing the guitar at the age of six. He appeared on local radio shows at 12 and was discovered at 14 at a South Carolina record store.^[3] He moved to Nashville at age 16, staying in Ma Upchurch's boarding house, where he roomed with upright bassist Bob Moore and mandolin player & fiddler Dale Potter.

At age 18, Garland recorded his million-selling hit "Sugarfoot Rag". Garland appeared on the Jubilee with Grady Martin's band, and on Eddy Arnold's network and syndicated television shows.

Garland is perhaps best known for his Nashville studio work with Elvis Presley from 1958 to 1961, which produced such rock hits as: "I Need Your Love Tonight", "A Big Hunk O' Love", " I'm Coming Home". "I Got Stung", "A Fool Such As I", "Stuck on You", "Little Sister", "(Marie's The Name) His Latest Flame", and "I Feel So Bad".

However, he worked with many country music as well as rock 'n roll stars of the late 1950s and early 1960s including: Patsy Cline, Brenda Lee, Mel Tillis, Marty Robbins, The Everly Brothers, Boots Randolph, Roy Orbison, Conway Twitty, and Moon Mullican.

1957-58 marked the height of the rockabilly era. Garland's guitar drove such classic recordings as Little Jimmy Dickens' "I Got A Hole In My Pocket"; Benny Joy's "Bundle of Love" and "I'm Gonna Move"; Jimmy Loyd's "You're Gone Baby" and "I've Got a Rocket In My Pocket"; Lefty Frizzell's "You're Humbuggin' Me"; Simon Crum's "Stand Up, Sit Down, Shut Your Mouth"; and Johnny Strickland's "She's Mine"; plus, seasonal staples "Jingle Bell Rock" with Bobby Helms, and Brenda Lee's "Rockin' Around the Christmas Tree".

He also backed major crossover artists as well. Don Gibson's "Sweet Sweet Girl" and "Don't Tell Me Your Troubles"; Patsy Cline's "Let the Teardrops Fall"; Ronnie Hawkins' "Jambalaya"; and Faron Young's "Alone with You" spotlighted Garland's adept guitar work.

Relatively obscure artists such as Jimmy Donley have reached cult status due in no small part to Garland's guitar artistry. Donley's 1960 record "My Baby's Gone" showcases another of Hank's superb riffs.

In 1959-60, Garland's guitar drove other rockabilly and crossover songs such as The Collins Kids' "Lonesome Road"; Joe Melson's "Oh Yeah"; Melvin Endsley's "Ain't It Fine"; Huelyn Duvall's "Three Months to Kill"; Morgan Twins' "Let's Get Going"; and the Everly Brothers "Stick With Me Baby."

He also played with jazz artists such as George Shearing and Charlie Parker in New York, and went on to record Jazz Winds From a New Direction, showcasing his evolving talent,^[4] along with Gary Burton on vibraphone, Joe Benjamin on acoustic bass, and Joe Morello on drums. It is believed that Garland was the first to explore the use of the power chord in popular music.

At the request of Gibson Guitar company president, Ted McCarty, Garland and fellow guitarist Billy Byrd strongly influenced the design of the Byrdland guitar, which derived from the Gibson L-5 guitar (having a slimmer body and a 2 inch shorter 23 1/2" scale for ease of playing) and is the guitar Garland is seen holding in the photograph above.^[5]

In September 1961, a car accident left Garland in a coma that lasted for a week. He regained consciousness and recovered with the help of his wife, Evelyn and two daughters, but not sufficiently to return to the studios. After the death of Evelyn in 1965, Hank's Mom and Dad took care of him until their passing. Hank Garland was widely respected by his peers and Nashville producers such as Chet Atkins, Don Law, and Owen Bradley.

When noted Nashville journalist Peter Cooper asked Chet Atkins a number of years ago who he thought the best guitar player to ever come to Nashville was, Atkins stated without hesitation, "Hank Garland." "Chet wasn't wrong," said Harold Bradley, an A-Teamer who, after the accident, took over for Garland as the most recorded guitarist in Nashville. "I am very humble about my playing because Hank Garland is the standard."

"I can't even imagine what he would have become had he not been in that accident," said Brad Paisley, a guitarist and contemporary country hit-maker who received a Grammy nomination for his own version of "Sugarfoot Rag". "You're talking about 40 years of lost innovation that could have come only from him."

Garland died on December 27, 2004, of a staph infection in Orange Park, Florida, where he lived with his brother, Billy Garland, and sister-in-law, Amy Garland. Upon his passing, The New York Times described Hank as "a studio artist known for musical riffs that could take a recording from humdrum to dazzling."

Hank was survived by two daughters, Cheryl Gruendemann and Debra Garland, along with four grandsons and great grandchildren. He was preceded in death by his wife, Evelyn Garland in 1965.

Discography

• After the Riot at Newport (with The Nashville All-Stars) (1960)
• Velvet Guitar (1960)
• Jazz Winds From a New Direction (1961)
• The Unforgettable Guitar of Hank Garland (1962)
• Holiday for the Harp (with the Daphne Hellman Quartet)
• Big Beat Country Melodies with Jimmy Richardson and Boots Randolph (1961)

See also

• The Nashville A-Team

Notes

References

• Duchossior, Andre. Gibson Electrics: The Classic Years. Hal Leonard Corp. 1998. ISBN 0-7935-9210-0
• Kienzle, Rich (1998). "Hank Garland". In The Encyclopedia of Country Music. Paul Kingsbury, Editor. New York: Oxford University Press. pp. 194–5.
• Word, Ron "Obit-Garland" (December 28, 2004), The Associated Press
• Gould. (n.d) Hank Garland Biography. Retrieved from https://web.archive.org/web/20160106130520/http://www.gould68.freeserve.co.uk/HankGarlandBio.html
• A-Team Musicians

External links

• Hank Garland biography and interview