Hangul consonant and vowel tables

The following tables of consonants and vowels of the Korean alphabet (jamo) display the basic forms in blue in the first row, and their derivatives in the following rows. They are separated into tables of initials, vowels and finals.

Jamo are romanized according to the Revised Romanization's transliteration rules. Thus, the table should not be used for normal transcription of Korean language, as sound changes must be observed.

Initials

gndr/lmbs-jchktph
kkttppssjj

Vowels/medials

Basic +i
Basic
aeo (ao)oueui aeeoewiui
y+
yayeo (yao)yoyu yaeye
w+
wawo waewe

Finals

gndr/lmbsngjchktph
kknjlgbsss
gsnhlm
lb
ls
lt
lp
lh

Collation

Several collation sequences are used to order words. The first sequence is official in North Korea; sequences of the second type are common in South Korea, differing on the treatment of double jamo consonants in syllable-initial (choseong) and -final (jongseong) position.

North Korea:

  • Consonant letters: ㄱ ㄴ ㄷ ㄹ ㅁ ㅂ ㅅ ‑ᆼ ㅈ ㅊ ㅋ ㅌ ㅍ ㅎ ㄲ ㄸ ㅃ ㅆ ㅉ ᄋ‑
  • Vowel letters: ㅏ ㅑ ㅓ ㅕ ㅗ ㅛ ㅜ ㅠ ㅡ ㅣ ㅐ ㅒ ㅔ ㅖ ㅚ ㅟ ㅢ ㅘ ㅙ ㅝ ㅞ

South Korea:

  • Consonant letters: ㄱ (ㄲ) ㄴ ㄷ (ㄸ) ㄹ ㅁ ㅂ (ㅃ) ㅅ (ㅆ) ㅇ ㅈ (ㅉ) ㅊ ㅋ ㅌ ㅍ ㅎ
  • Vowel letters: ㅏ ㅐ ㅑ ㅒ ㅓ ㅔ ㅕ ㅖ ㅗ ㅘ ㅙ ㅚ ㅛ ㅜ ㅝ ㅞ ㅟ ㅠ ㅡ ㅢ ㅣ

Consonant letters' names

Variants are given in brackets.

Consonants Names
North KoreaSouth Korea

g
기윽
gieuk
기역
giyeok

kk
된기윽
doengieuk
쌍기역
ssanggieok

n
니은
nieun

d
디읃
dieut
디귿
dikeut

tt
된디읃
doendikeut
쌍디귿
ssangdikeut

r, l
리을
rieul

m
미음
mieum

b
비읍
bieup

pp
된비읍
doenbieup
쌍비읍
ssangbieup

s
시읏
sieut
시옷
siot

ss
된시읏
doensieut
쌍시옷
ssangsiot

-, -ng
이응
ieung

j
지읒
jieut

jj
된지읒
doenjieut
쌍지읒
ssangjieut

ch
치읓
chieut

k
키읔
kieuk

t
티읕
tieut

p
피읖
pieup

h
히읗
hieuh

Consonant names in the 15th century seem to have ended in a vowel, judging from 1451 Hunmin Jeongeum Eonhae's forms such as "ㄱ는", which may have been pronounced geuneun /그는/.

Hangul syllables

Below are 19 tables of 28×21 syllables. Altogether there are 11,172 (19×21×28) possible syllables, found in the Hangul Syllables Unicode block (U+AC00U+D7AF). These possible syllables are not all in use. Jump to tables with initial letter:

See also

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