HMS Monarch (1765)

HMS Monarch in the lead, forcing the Passage of the Sound, 30 March 1801, prior to the Battle of Copenhagen
History
UK
Name: HMS Monarch
Ordered: 22 November 1760
Builder: Deptford Dockyard
Launched: 20 July 1765
Fate: Broken up, 1813
Notes:
General characteristics [1]
Class and type: Ramillies-class ship of the line
Tons burthen: 1612 bm
Length: 168 ft 6 in (51.36 m) (gundeck)
Beam: 46 ft 9 in (14.25 m)
Depth of hold: 19 ft 9 in (6.02 m)
Propulsion: Sails
Sail plan: Full rigged ship
Armament:
  • 74 guns:
  • Gundeck: 28 × 32 pdrs
  • Upper gundeck: 28 × 18 pdrs
  • Quarterdeck: 14 × 9 pdrs
  • Forecastle: 4 × 9 pdrs

HMS Monarch was a 74-gun third rate ship of the line of the Royal Navy, launched on 20 July 1765 at Deptford Dockyard.[1]

Monarch had a very active career, fighting in her first battle in 1778 at the First Battle of Ushant and her second under Admiral Rodney at Cape St. Vincent in 1780. She fought in the van of Graves' fleet at the Battle of the Chesapeake in 1781 under Captain Francis Reynolds. In early 1782 was actively engaged at the Capture of Sint Eustatius, Action of 4 February 1781, the Battle of Saint Kitts, the Battle of the Saintes and, the Battle of the Mona Passage. In 1795 she was deployed as part of the small fleet under Admiral George Elphinstone that captured the Cape of Good Hope from the Dutch East India Company at the Battle of Muizenberg. In 1797 Monarch was Vice Admiral Richard Onslow's flagship at the Battle of Camperdown, under Captain Edward O'Bryen, and in 1801 she was part of Admiral Nelson's fleet at the Battle of Copenhagen, where her captain, James Robert Mosse was killed and she suffered over 200 casualties including 55 dead, the highest number of casualties of any ship engaged in the battle.[2]

In 1808, she helped escort the Portuguese royal family in its flight from Portugal to Brazil.

Monarch was broken up in 1813.[1]

Notes

  1. 1 2 3 Lavery, Ships of the Line vol.1, p177.
  2. ↑ "No. 15354". The London Gazette. 15 April 1801. pp. 401–404.

References

  • Lavery, Brian (2003) The Ship of the Line - Volume 1: The development of the battlefleet 1650-1850. Conway Maritime Press. ISBN 0-85177-252-8.


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