Hùng king

"Quốc tổ Hùng Vương" by Trọng Nội, 1966, displayed at Independence Palace

King Hùng (Chinese: 雄王; Vietnamese: Hùng Vương (雄王) or vua Hùng (𤤰雄); both Vương and vua mean "king") is the title given in many modern discussions to the ancient Vietnamese rulers of the Hồng Bàng period.

Etymology

It is likely that the name Hùng Vương is a combination of the two Sino-Vietnamese words Hùng, which means "brave" and Vương, which means "king". The name Hùng Vương might have originally been a title bestowed on a chieftain. The Hùng Vương would have been the head chieftain of Văn Lang/ Âu Lac which at the time was composed of feudal communities of rice farmers (similar to the way the Holy Roman Emperor was elected to rule by fellow German princes).[1]

Title

In antiquity this title began to be used for the ruler who was the religious and political leader of united ancient Vietnam. They were kings of Văn Lang.[2][3]

The first Hùng king, Kinh Dương Vương, came to power in 2879 BC, ruling an area covering what is now Central Vietnam and part of southern China. He founded the Hồng Bàng Dynasty, whose members ruled Vietnam until 258 BC. So much of the vestiges from this time is now lost to the ages. The second dynasty of Hùng kings was founded by Lạc Long Quân, son of Kinh Dương Vương.

The descendants took the title of Hùng Vương after the first king, and many Vietnamese folktales include mention of them. Stories tell of the heroics of eighteen different dynasties of Hùng Vươngs (one explains the introduction of the watermelon with the help of Hùng Vương X) but fail to account for the numerous unknown rulers of Vietnam during their two and a half millennia of sovereignty.

The Hồng Bàng Dynasty was overthrown by An Dương Vương, but his regime fell first to Triệu Đà (pinyin: Zhao Tuo) and later to the Han Dynasty.

Hùng Vương Temple festival

The Hùng Kings' Temple Festival (Vietnamese: Giỗ Tổ Hùng Vương or lễ hội đền Hùng) is a Vietnamese festival held annually from the 8th to the 11th days of the third lunar month in honour of the Hùng Kings. The main festival day - which has been designated a public holiday in Vietnam since 2007 - is on the 10th day.[4][5][6]

  1. ↑ J., Sterling, Eleanor (2006). Vietnam : a natural history. Hurley, Martha Maud, 1966-, Le, Minh Duc, 1973-. New Haven: Yale University Press. ISBN 9780300128215. OCLC 159935986.
  2. ↑ Travel Vietnam "Dynastic era - The ancient Hồng Bàng Dynasty of the Hùng kings is considered by many Vietnamese as the first.. ."
  3. ↑ Origines: the streets of Vietnam : a historical companion J. Wills Burke - 2001 "HÙNG VƯƠNG (HÙNG KINGS) As legend tells it, Vietnam evolved over the millennia from its origins in the mountains northwest of Hà Nội. There, in today”s Phú Thọ Province, the Hùng kings established a dynasty that ruled for hundreds of ..."
  4. ↑ Philip Taylor Modernity and Re-Enchantment: Religion in Post-Revolutionary Vietnam Page 68 2007 "Hùng Kings' Holy Land Forever - The Đổi Mới state's commitment to preserving and promoting the values of ancestor worship are demonstrated with great pomp and circumstance at the annual death-day festival for the Hùng kings.
  5. ↑ Viet Nam social sciences: Issues 1-6 2003 The Hùng Kings Temple festival: Every year at the end of Spring people throughout the country organize pilgrimages to the Hùng Temple.
  6. ↑ Marie-Carine Lall, Edward Vickers Education As a Political Tool in Asia Page 153 - 2009 "... the young generation is not passionate about the history of their country (according to Dương Trung Quốc, a survey showed at the end of the 1990s that up to 40 per cent of the students did not know who King Hùng Vương was)."

Wikipedia Vietnam: https://vi.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Giỗ_Tổ_Hùng_Vương

See also

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