György Buzsáki

György Buzsáki (Hungarian pronunciation: [ˈbuʒaːki ˈɟørɟ]; born November 24, 1949, Kaposvár, Hungary) is the Biggs Professor of Neuroscience at New York University School of Medicine.[1] Dr. Buzsáki’s primary interests is “neural syntax”, i.e., how segmentation of neural information is organized by the numerous brain rhythms to support cognitive functions. He identified the cellular-synaptic basis of hippocampal theta, gamma oscillations and sharp waves with associated fast oscillations, their relationship to each other and to behavior and sleep. He was the first to demonstrate the role of GABAergic interneurons in network oscillations. Buzsaki’s recognition of the importance hierarchical organization of brain rhythms of different frequencies and their cross-frequency coupling has opened up opportunities for the dissection of cognitive mechanisms in health and disease. His most influential work, the two-stage model of memory trace consolidation, demonstrates how the neocortex-mediated information during learning transiently modifies hippocampal networks, followed by reactivation and consolidation of these memory traces during sharp wave-ripple patterns of sleep. Buzsaki’s demonstration that in the absence of changing environmental signals, cortical circuits continuously generate self-organized cell assembly sequences is an important link to the neuronal assembly basis of cognitive functions. His experiments demonstrated how skewed distribution of firing rates supports robustness, sensitivity, plasticity and stability in neuronal networks. He has pioneered numerous technical innovations, including large-scale recording methods using silicon chips and the NeuroGrid, an organic, comformable electrode system used in both animal and patients.

He is a member of the National Academy of Sciences USA, Fellow of the American Association for the Advancement of Science and the Academiae Europaeae and an external member of the Hungarian Academy of Sciences. Dr. Buzsaki received honoris causa from Université Aix-Marseille, France, University of Kaposvar, Hungary and University of Pecs, Hungary. He is the author of Rhythms of the Brain, a book detailing the current neuroscientific understanding of brain rhythms, and of more than 300 peer reviewed papers. He is among the top 1% most-cited neuroscientists ('highly cited") by Thomson Reuters.[2]

He was the winner of the inaugural Brain Prize in 2011 [3] together with Tamas Freund and Peter Somogyi for their work describing organization of neurons in the hippocampus and the cortex. Also in 2011 he was awarded a Senior Fellowship of the Zukunftskolleg at the University of Konstanz.[4]

References

  1. ↑ "György Buzsáki | Neuroscience & Physiology | NYU Langone Medical Center | New york, NY". Neuro-physio.med.nyu.edu. Archived from the original on 2015-09-12. Retrieved 2015-08-27.
  2. ↑ "Home | Highly Cited Researchers". Highlycited.com. Retrieved 2015-08-27.
  3. ↑ "Biography György Buzsáki - Grete Lundbeck European Brain Research Foundation". Thebrainprize.org. Retrieved 2015-08-27.
  4. ↑ "Personen_Details | People | Zukunftskolleg | György Buzsáki | Universität Konstanz". Zukunftskolleg.uni-konstanz.de. Retrieved 2016-03-01.
This article is issued from Wikipedia. The text is licensed under Creative Commons - Attribution - Sharealike. Additional terms may apply for the media files.