Generational list of programming languages
Programming language lists |
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This is a "genealogy" of programming languages. Languages are categorized under the ancestor language with the strongest influence. Those ancestor languages are listed in alphabetical order. Any such categorization has a large arbitrary element, since programming languages often incorporate major ideas from multiple sources.
ALGOL based
- ALGOL (also under Fortran)
- Atlas Autocode
- ALGOL 58 (IAL, International Algorithmic Language)
- MAD and GOM (Michigan Algorithm Decoder and Good Old MAD)
- ALGOL 60
- MAD/I
- Simula (see also Simula based languages)
- ALGOL 68
- ALGOL W
- CPL
- BCPL
- B
- C (see also C based languages)
- BCPL
- Julia (also under Lisp, Python, Ruby)
APL based
BASIC based
- BASIC (also under Fortran II)
Batch languages
C based
- C (also under BCPL)
- Alef
- C++
- C#
- Windows PowerShell (also under DCL, ksh, and Perl)
- Cobra (class/object model and other features)
- Java (see also Java based languages)
- C--
- Cyclone
- Rust (also under C++, Haskell, and OCaml)
- ColdFusion
- Go (also under Oberon)
- Harbour
- LPC
- Objective-C (also under Smalltalk)
- Swift (also under Ruby, Python, and Haskell)
- PCASTL (also under Lisp)
- Perl
- Python
- QuakeC
- tcsh (also under sh)
COBOL based
COMIT based
DCL based
- DCL
- Windows PowerShell (also under C#, ksh, and Perl)
ed based
Eiffel based
Forth based
- Forth
- InterPress
- Joy
- Rebol (also under Lisp)
- RPL (also under Lisp)
Fortran based
FP based
- FP (Function Programming)
- FL (Function Level)
- FPr (also under Lisp and object-oriented programming)
HyperTalk based
- HyperTalk
- ActionScript (also under JavaScript)
- AppleScript
- SenseTalk
- SuperTalk
- Transcript
Java based
JavaScript based
- JavaScript (also under Scheme, Self)
- ActionScript (also under HyperTalk)
- Asm.js
- CoffeeScript
- ECMAScript
- Haxe
- JavaScript OSA
- JScript
- TypeScript
JOSS based
Lisp based
- Lisp
- Arc
- AutoLISP
- Clojure
- Common Lisp
- Emacs Lisp
- Julia (has Lisp-like macros, but ALGOL-like syntax) (also under Python, Ruby, ALGOL)
- K (also under APL)
- LFE
- Logo
- Nu programming language
- PicoLisp
- REBOL
- RPL (also under Forth)
- S
- Scheme
- GNU Guile
- Racket
- Hop
- JavaScript (also under Self) (see also JavaScript based languages)
- Pico
- T
- Lua (also under Modula and SNOBOL)
ML based
PL/I based
Prolog based
SASL based
SETL based
sh based
Simula based
- Simula (also under ALGOL 60)
- C++ (also under C)
- Smalltalk
- Objective-C (hybrid of C and Smalltalk)
- Ruby
- Swift (also under Objective-C, Python, and Haskell)
- Self
- JavaScript (also under Scheme) (see also JavaScript based languages)
- NewtonScript
- BETA
Tcl based
Others
External links
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