Gajret

Gajret was a cultural society established in 1903 that promoted Serbian identity among the Slavic Muslims of Austria-Hungary (today's Bosnia and Herzegovina).[1] After 1929, it was known as the Serbian Muslim Cultural Society.[1] The organization was pro-Serb and pro-Karađorđević.[2] The organization viewed that the Muslims were Serbs lacking ethnic consciousness.[3] The view that Muslims were Serbs is probably the oldest of three ethnic theories among the Bosnian Muslims themselves.[4] After the Austro-Hungarian occupation of Bosnia and Herzegovina, the Bosnian Muslims, feeling threatened by Catholic Habsburg rule, established several organizations.[4] These included, apart from Gajret, the Muslim National Organization (1906) and the United Muslim Organization (1911).[4] Gajret's main rival was the pro-Croat Muslim organization Narodna Uzdanica,[5] established in 1924.[3] In interwar Yugoslavia, members experienced persecution at the hands of non-Serbs due to their political inclinations.[2]

During World War II, the association was dismantled by the Independent State of Croatia.[6] Some members, non-Communists, joined or collaborated with the Yugoslav Partisans (such as M. Sudžuka, Z. Šarac, H. Brkić, H. Ćemerlić, and M. Zaimović[7]). Ismet Popovac and Fehim Musakadić joined the Chetniks.

In 1945, a new Muslim organization, Preporod, was founded in order to replace the pro-Serb Gajret and pro-Croat Narodna Uzdanica.[8] The former organizations voted for and were merged into Preporod.[8] In 1996 it was reestablished as a Bosniak cultural association.[2]

Notable members

See also

References

  1. 1 2 Allworth 1994, p. 125.
  2. 1 2 3 Hoare 2013, p. 41.
  3. 1 2 Allworth 1994, p. 126.
  4. 1 2 3 Allworth 1994, p. 116.
  5. ↑ Hoare 2007, pp. 132–133.
  6. ↑ Greble 2011, p. 121.
  7. ↑ Hoare 2007, p. 132.
  8. 1 2 Hoare 2013, p. 356.

Sources

  • Allworth, Edward (1994). Muslim Communities Reemerge: Historical Perspectives on Nationality, Politics, and Opposition in the Former Soviet Union and Yugoslavia. Duke University Press. ISBN 0-8223-1490-8.
  • Greble, Emily (2011). Sarajevo 1941–1945: Muslims, Christians, and Jews in Hitler's Europe. Cornell University Press. pp. 15, 34–35, 39, 121, 124, 163, 235, 237. ISBN 0-8014-6121-9.
  • Hoare, Marko Attila (2007). The History of Bosnia: From the Middle Ages to the Present Day. Saqi. pp. 131–133. ISBN 978-0-86356-953-1.
  • Hoare, Marko Attila (2013). The Bosnian Muslims in the Second World War. Oxford University Press. pp. 41, 44, 68, 142, 126–7, 144–5, 171, 176, 356. ISBN 978-0-19-936531-9.
This article is issued from Wikipedia. The text is licensed under Creative Commons - Attribution - Sharealike. Additional terms may apply for the media files.