GWR 7800 Class

GWR 7800 "Manor" Class
British Railways Class 78xx No. 7802 'Bradley Manor' at Kidderminster Town on the Severn Valley Railway
Type and origin Power type Steam Builder GWR/BR Swindon Works Order number Lot 316, Lot 377 Build date 1938–1939, 1950 Total produced 30
Specifications Configuration: ​  • Whyte 4-6-0  • UIC 2'Ch2 Gauge 4 ft 8 1⁄2 in (1,435 mm) standard gauge Leading dia. 3 ft 0 in (914 mm) Driver dia. 5 ft 8 in (1,727 mm) Minimum curve 8 chains (528 ft; 161 m) normal, 7 chains (462 ft; 141 m) slow Wheelbase Loco: 27 ft 1 in (8.26 m) Loco & tender: 52 ft 1 3⁄4 in (15.89 m) Length 61 ft 9 1⁄4 in (18.83 m) Height 13 ft 0 in (3.962 m) Axle load 17 long tons 5 cwt (38,600 lb or 17.5 t) (19.3 short tons) Loco weight 68 long tons 18 cwt (154,300 lb or 70 t) (77.2 short tons) full Tender weight 40 long tons 0 cwt (89,600 lb or 40.6 t) (44.8 short tons) full Fuel type Coal Fuel capacity 7 long tons 0 cwt (15,700 lb or 7.1 t) (7.8 short tons) Water cap 3,500 imp gal (16,000 l; 4,200 US gal) Firebox:  • Firegrate area 22.1 sq ft (2.05 m2) Boiler GWR type 14 Boiler pressure 225 psi (1.55 MPa) Heating surface:  • Tubes and flues 1,285.5 sq ft (119.43 m2)  • Firebox 140.0 sq ft (13.01 m2) Superheater: ​  • Heating area 160.0 sq ft (14.86 m2) Cylinders Two, outside Cylinder size 18 in × 30 in (457 mm × 762 mm)
Performance figures Tractive effort 27,340 lbf (121.61 kN)
Career Operators Great Western Railway British Railways Class GWR: 7800 "Manor" Power class GWR: D BR: 5MT Number in class 30 Axle load class GWR: Blue Retired April 1963 – December 1965 Disposition 21 scrapped, 9 preserved

The Great Western Railway (GWR) 7800 Class or Manor Class is a class of 4-6-0 steam locomotive. They were designed as a lighter version of the GWR Grange Class, giving them a wider Route Availability. Like the 'Granges', the 'Manors' used parts from the GWR 4300 Class Moguls but just on the first batch of twenty. Twenty were built between 1938 and 1939, with British Railways adding a further 10 in 1950. They were named after Manors in the area covered by the Great Western Railway. Nine are preserved.

Background

Although successful mixed traffic designs, neither the Hall nor the Grange 4-6-0 classes were able to cover the full range of duties previously undertaken by the 4300 Class 2-6-0 locomotives due to their ‘red’ weight classification. By the late 1930s a lighter version of the Grange class was urgently required for those cross-country and branch line duties forbidden to heavier locomotives.^[1] A new lighter (Swindon No.14) boiler was therefore designed, and as with the Grange Class, the driving wheels and motion components were recovered from withdrawn members of the 4300 Class.^[2] The Manor class, with an axle loading of just over 17 tons, could be utilised on many lines from which the heavier Granges were barred ^[3]

Building

The first of the Manors No.7800 Torquay Manor was built at Swindon Works and entered traffic in January 1938. By February 1939 twenty were in service but outbreak of war forced the cancellation of construction of a further batch of twenty locomotives. After nationalisation, the newly created Western Region of British Railways was authorised to build ten more of the class. Nos.7820-29 at Swindon in November and December 1950. A batch of ten other locomotives was planned to be released, but the batch was cancelled.

The cancelled list includes the following:^[4]

7830 Norton Manor, 7831 Ogwell Manor, 7832 Pimley Manor, 7833 Ramsbury Manor, 7834 Rodley Manor, 7835 Standen Manor, 7836 Sutton Manor, 7837 Thorton Manor, 7838 Widford Manor, and 7839 Wilcote Manor

Performance

Unlike the Granges of 1936 where the use of a standard design and the re-use of existing components had produced a masterpiece, the initial performance of the Manors was comparatively mediocre. ‘Were it not for the constraints of war there is every reason to expect that Swindon would have recalled the engines for modifications’^[2] There was no attempt to improve the steaming; a British Railway edict permitted construction only of existing pre-nationalisation designs. Subsequent trials showed the engines did not require too much work to correct their faults. Internal alterations to the blastpipe and an increase in air space in the firegrate added to the new type of narrow chimney noticeably improved the draughting. After trials on ten of the class, the improvements became standard after July 1954.

Use

The first examples were despatched to depots at Wolverhampton, Bristol, Gloucester, Shrewsbury, Westbury in Wiltshire and Neyland in South Wales. In October 1938 No.7805 Broome Manor underwent clearance tests between Ruabon and Barmouth. Subsequently, the class were used over the main lines of the erstwhile Cambrian Railways, with its headquarters and works in Oswestry. The Manors were also successfully employed in the West Country where they were used for banking and piloting trains over the Devon banks between Newton Abbot and Plymouth. Their light axleloading also allowed them across the Tamar Bridge and on to the branch lines of Cornwall.^[5]

By 1959 twenty-one Manors were congregated in Mid- and South Wales. Their most prestigious working was the Cambrian Coast Express, where a Manor took over from a King or Castle at Shrewsbury and worked through to Aberystwyth. Others of the class operated in the Birmingham, Gloucester and Hereford areas while the handful stationed at Reading frequently ventured on to the Southern Region line to Guildford and Redhill.^[6]

Withdrawal and preservation

The first Manor to be withdrawn was No.7809 Childrey Manor, of Shrewsbury depot in April 1963 and which was cut up at Swindon. By May 1965 the numbers had been halved and the final two in service, No.7808 Cookham Manor of Gloucester, and No.7829 Ramsbury Manor of Didcot, were condemned in December 1965. Remarkably, for a relatively small class where thirty engines were built, nine examples have been preserved.

Operation in preservation

All nine members of the Manor class that have survived into preservation have operated at some point in their preserved career and of the nine Manors to survive in preservation, all four of the GWR built Manors have seen main line operation: Nos. 7802 Bradley Manor, 7808 Cookham Manor, 7812 Erlestoke Manor and 7819 Hinton Manor.

In the 1970s, no. 7808 Cookham Manor was used by the Great Western Society (GWS) to haul nine vintage ex-GWR carriages on an annual outing on the main line from Didcot to Birmingham. Today 7808 is on static display inside the GWS shed at Didcot awaiting an overhaul.

7812 Erlestoke Manor only worked a small number of railtours between April and June 1982. Also certified for main line operation in the 1980s was fellow SVR based engine 7819 Hinton Manor. It worked a number of railtours along former Great Western routes including the Cambrian Coast Line. 7812 was until New Year's Eve 2017 operational on the SVR but wasn't main line certified and 7819 is on static display in Swindon.

7802 Bradley Manor was the last and most recent member of the class to have operated on the national network. It is now operational on the Severn Valley Railway after emerging from a complete overhaul in November 2015, however it is not certified to operate on the main line.

None of the BR built Manors have operated on the main line in preservation.

Locomotives

See: List of GWR 7800 Class locomotives for all Manor locomotives built. Nine locomotives have been preserved:

Number	Name	Built	Withdrawn	Base	Current Location	Owner	Status	Livery	Photo	Notes
7802	Bradley Manor	January 1938	November 1965	Severn Valley Railway	Severn Valley Railway	Erlestoke Manor Fund	Operational, boiler ticket expires: 2025	BR Lined Green, Late Crest		Currently paired with 7812's tender
7808	Cookham Manor	March 1938	December 1965	Didcot Railway Centre	Didcot Railway Centre	Great Western Society	Static Display	GWR Unlined Green, Shirtbutton Logo		Final member of class to be withdrawn from service by BR
7812	Erlestoke Manor	January 1939	November 1965	Severn Valley Railway	Tyseley Locomotive Works	Erlestoke Manor Fund	Undergoing Overhaul	BR Lined Green, Late Crest		Moved from the SVR by road on 5 Jan 2018, tender now paired with 7802 Bradley Manor. Boiler ticket expired: Dec 2017
7819	Hinton Manor	February 1939	November 1965	Severn Valley Railway	Severn Valley Railway	SVR Rolling Stock Trust	Static Display	GWR Unlined Green, Shirtbutton Logo
7820	Dinmore Manor	November 1950	November 1965	Gloucestershire Warwickshire Railway	Gloucestershire Warwickshire Railway	Dinmore Manor Locomotive Ltd.	Operational, boiler ticket expires: 2023	BR Lined Black, Early Emblem		Ran in unlined black from return to service till 2018 when livery was lined out during winter maintenance
7821	Ditcheat Manor	November 1950	November 1965	West Somerset Railway	Swindon Designer Outlet	West Somerset Railway Association	Static Display	BR Lined Black, Early Emblem
7822	Foxcote Manor	December 1950	November 1965	Llangollen Railway	West Somerset Railway	Foxcote Manor Society	Operational, boiler ticket expires: 2026	BR Unlined Black, Early Emblem
7827	Lydham Manor	December 1950	October 1965	Dartmouth Steam Railway	Dartmouth Steam Railway	Dart Valley Railway plc	Operational, boiler ticket expires: 2021	BR Lined Black, Early Emblem
7828	Odney Manor	December 1950	October 1965	West Somerset Railway	West Somerset Railway	West Somerset Railway	Undergoing Repairs	BR Lined Green, Early Emblem		Renamed Norton Manor in preservation

Details

7802 Bradley Manor at Kidderminster Town railway station after a southbound Severn Valley Railway journey from Bridgnorth.

Models

Prior to 2011, Ixion created a model of the 78xx in N scale. Dapol purchased the rights to produce the Ixion 78xx in 2011.

In 4 mm scale a model was produced by Mainline Railways, later Bachmann Branchline. It is not currently in production.

References

• Bradley, Rodger (1988). GWR Two Cylinder 4–6–0s and 2–6–0s. Newton Abbot, Devon: David and Charles Publishers plc.
• Herring, Peter (2004). Classic British Steam Locomotives. Wigston: Abbeydale Press. ISBN 1 86147 138 6.
• Holcroft, Harold (1971) [1957]. An Outline of Great Western Locomotive Practice 1837-1947 (2nd ed.). Shepperton: Ian Allan. ISBN 0-7110-0228-2.
• le Fleming, H.M. (November 1960). White, D.E., ed. The Locomotives of the Great Western Railway, part eight: Modern Passenger Classes (2nd ed.). RCTS.
• Whitehurst, Brian (1973). Great Western Engines, Names, Numbers, Types and Classes (1940 to Preservation). Oxford, UK: Oxford Publishing Company. pp. 68–69, 103, 128. ISBN 978-0-9028-8821-0. OCLC 815661.

External links

Wikimedia Commons has media related to GWR 7800 Class.

• GreatWestern.org page
• Dinmore Manor website
• Erlestoke Manor Fund website